NSG 3280 PATHO EXAM 1 QUESTIONS WITH WELL VERIFIED
ANSWERS
Pathophysiology
study of abnormalities in physiologic functioning
Etiology
study of the cause or risk factor for a particular condition or disease; identifies causal factors
that can lead to a particular disease or injury
Idiopathic
cause is unknown
Iatrogenic
Results from unwanted or unintended medical treatment (EX: IV push furosemide too fast =
hearing loss)
Pathogenesis
development or evolution of a disease, from initial stimulus at the cellular level to the ultimate
expression of clinical manifestations
Signs
observed, objective
Symptoms
expressions by patient, subjective
Syndrome
Clinical manifestations that are known to go together but don't have a clear etiology or cause
(EX: IBS)
Latent period/ Incubation period
time between exposure of tissue to injurious agent & the first appearance of S/S
Prodromal period
short period after incubation; early, mild symptoms; indicates disease onset
Subclinical stage
, disease process but patient is able to function normally (EX: CKD)
Exacerbation
sudden increase in severity of a disease & S/S (EX: COPD)
Remission
decrease in severity or S/S of a disease, but it is not necessarily cured (EX: cancer)
Convalescence
stage of recovery after a disease, injury, or surgical procedure
Sequela
pathologic consequence of a previous illness/disease (EX: losing smell permanently after COVID)
epidemiology
study of patterns of disease w/in populations
Endemic
Local region or native
Epidemic
spread to many people at the same time
Pandemic
Spread across a large geographic region
Anabolism
energy-using metabolic processes
Catabolism
Energy-releasing breakdown of nutrient sources
Reversible cell injury- Hydropic swelling
cellular swelling d/t accumulation of water d/t malfunction of Na-K pump
Reversible cell injury- Intracellular accumulation
excess substances in cells d/t toxic substances or immune response
Cell adaptation- Atrophy
ANSWERS
Pathophysiology
study of abnormalities in physiologic functioning
Etiology
study of the cause or risk factor for a particular condition or disease; identifies causal factors
that can lead to a particular disease or injury
Idiopathic
cause is unknown
Iatrogenic
Results from unwanted or unintended medical treatment (EX: IV push furosemide too fast =
hearing loss)
Pathogenesis
development or evolution of a disease, from initial stimulus at the cellular level to the ultimate
expression of clinical manifestations
Signs
observed, objective
Symptoms
expressions by patient, subjective
Syndrome
Clinical manifestations that are known to go together but don't have a clear etiology or cause
(EX: IBS)
Latent period/ Incubation period
time between exposure of tissue to injurious agent & the first appearance of S/S
Prodromal period
short period after incubation; early, mild symptoms; indicates disease onset
Subclinical stage
, disease process but patient is able to function normally (EX: CKD)
Exacerbation
sudden increase in severity of a disease & S/S (EX: COPD)
Remission
decrease in severity or S/S of a disease, but it is not necessarily cured (EX: cancer)
Convalescence
stage of recovery after a disease, injury, or surgical procedure
Sequela
pathologic consequence of a previous illness/disease (EX: losing smell permanently after COVID)
epidemiology
study of patterns of disease w/in populations
Endemic
Local region or native
Epidemic
spread to many people at the same time
Pandemic
Spread across a large geographic region
Anabolism
energy-using metabolic processes
Catabolism
Energy-releasing breakdown of nutrient sources
Reversible cell injury- Hydropic swelling
cellular swelling d/t accumulation of water d/t malfunction of Na-K pump
Reversible cell injury- Intracellular accumulation
excess substances in cells d/t toxic substances or immune response
Cell adaptation- Atrophy
