NU185 EXAM 4 GALEN | 193 QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS | 2026 UPDATE | WITH COPLETE SOLUTION.
Three P's in type 1 diabetic Answer - Polyuria, polydispia, polyphagia
S/S of type 1 diabetes Answer - Weight loss, irritability, weakness,
nausea/vomiting
S/S of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Answer - Weight gain, poor wound healing,
blurred vision, numbness/tingling in hands and feet
A1C levels Answer - 4.9%-6.7% is excellent
A1C level for diabetes Answer -
Long term effects of poor glucose control Answer - Neuropathy
Unhealed wounds
Cardiovascular disease
Metabolic syndrome
Nephropathy
Retinopathy
Long acting insulin Answer - Provides basal amount of insulin throughout the
day. Monitor for hypo and hyperglycemia. No peak
,What are names of long acting insulin Answer - Lantus, Levemir
Intermediate insulin Answer - Duration 18-26hrs, peak 4-12 hrs, onset is 2hrs.
Name the intermediate acting insulin Answer - NPH
Short acting insulin Answer - regular insulin. Onset 30 minutes, duration 6-
8hrs, peak 1-3 hours
A patient with suspected Addison's disease is admitted. Which lab finding
would you expect? Answer - Hyponatremia, hyperkalemia
A patient with Cushing syndrome is most likely to present with: Answer - Moon
face, central obesity, purple striae
Which medication is the nurse most likely to hold before a patient's
hemodialysis session? Answer - Lisinopril (an ACE inhibitor) for blood pressure
A patient receiving DDAVP (desmopressin) for central diabetes insipidus should
show which expected response? Answer - Decreased urine output and
increased urine specific gravity
A patient on 70/30 premixed insulin (70% NPH/30% regular) takes it at 0700.
Around what time is the nurse most vigilant for hypoglycemia due to the NPH
peak? Answer - Mid-afternoon to evening (approx 1400-1700)
A patient with SIADH shows which lab pattern? Answer - Low serum sodium,
high urine osmolality
, Which sign best indicates hypopituitarism (loss of growth hormone/reduced
anterior pituitary function) in adults? Answer - Fatigue, decreased libido, cold
intolerance
A nurse evaluates a patient with pheochromocytoma. Which manifestation is
most consistent? Answer - Recurrent episodes of severe hypertension,
headache, diaphoresis, palpitations
Which of the following is the best immediate action for a nurse who finds a
patient with an opioid overdose and slow shallow respirations? Answer -
Administer naloxone per protocol and support airway/ventilation
For a patient needing renal biopsy, which preprocedure instruction is correct?
Answer - Hold anticoagulants per protocol and monitor coagulation studies
before biopsy
A patient with chronic kidney disease (CKD) is told to follow a renal diet. Which
suggestion is correct? Answer - Low protein (or protein limited depending on
stage), potassium restriction as indicated
Which is the most important nursing action when assessing a newly created AV
fistula for hemodialysis? Answer - Auscultate for bruit and palpate for thrill;
avoid blood pressures/venipuncture in that arm
A patient with peritoneal dialysis develops cloudy outflow and abdominal pain
and fever. The nurse suspects: Answer - Peritonitis — notify provider and start
per protocol (culture and antibiotics)
ANSWERS | 2026 UPDATE | WITH COPLETE SOLUTION.
Three P's in type 1 diabetic Answer - Polyuria, polydispia, polyphagia
S/S of type 1 diabetes Answer - Weight loss, irritability, weakness,
nausea/vomiting
S/S of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Answer - Weight gain, poor wound healing,
blurred vision, numbness/tingling in hands and feet
A1C levels Answer - 4.9%-6.7% is excellent
A1C level for diabetes Answer -
Long term effects of poor glucose control Answer - Neuropathy
Unhealed wounds
Cardiovascular disease
Metabolic syndrome
Nephropathy
Retinopathy
Long acting insulin Answer - Provides basal amount of insulin throughout the
day. Monitor for hypo and hyperglycemia. No peak
,What are names of long acting insulin Answer - Lantus, Levemir
Intermediate insulin Answer - Duration 18-26hrs, peak 4-12 hrs, onset is 2hrs.
Name the intermediate acting insulin Answer - NPH
Short acting insulin Answer - regular insulin. Onset 30 minutes, duration 6-
8hrs, peak 1-3 hours
A patient with suspected Addison's disease is admitted. Which lab finding
would you expect? Answer - Hyponatremia, hyperkalemia
A patient with Cushing syndrome is most likely to present with: Answer - Moon
face, central obesity, purple striae
Which medication is the nurse most likely to hold before a patient's
hemodialysis session? Answer - Lisinopril (an ACE inhibitor) for blood pressure
A patient receiving DDAVP (desmopressin) for central diabetes insipidus should
show which expected response? Answer - Decreased urine output and
increased urine specific gravity
A patient on 70/30 premixed insulin (70% NPH/30% regular) takes it at 0700.
Around what time is the nurse most vigilant for hypoglycemia due to the NPH
peak? Answer - Mid-afternoon to evening (approx 1400-1700)
A patient with SIADH shows which lab pattern? Answer - Low serum sodium,
high urine osmolality
, Which sign best indicates hypopituitarism (loss of growth hormone/reduced
anterior pituitary function) in adults? Answer - Fatigue, decreased libido, cold
intolerance
A nurse evaluates a patient with pheochromocytoma. Which manifestation is
most consistent? Answer - Recurrent episodes of severe hypertension,
headache, diaphoresis, palpitations
Which of the following is the best immediate action for a nurse who finds a
patient with an opioid overdose and slow shallow respirations? Answer -
Administer naloxone per protocol and support airway/ventilation
For a patient needing renal biopsy, which preprocedure instruction is correct?
Answer - Hold anticoagulants per protocol and monitor coagulation studies
before biopsy
A patient with chronic kidney disease (CKD) is told to follow a renal diet. Which
suggestion is correct? Answer - Low protein (or protein limited depending on
stage), potassium restriction as indicated
Which is the most important nursing action when assessing a newly created AV
fistula for hemodialysis? Answer - Auscultate for bruit and palpate for thrill;
avoid blood pressures/venipuncture in that arm
A patient with peritoneal dialysis develops cloudy outflow and abdominal pain
and fever. The nurse suspects: Answer - Peritonitis — notify provider and start
per protocol (culture and antibiotics)
