LSU BIOL 2160 CROUSILLAC EXAM 2
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 100% PASS
2026 EDITION
Semi-permeable membrane - ANS Small or nonpolar molecules can freely diffuse across the
membrane. Large or polar molecules need carrier proteins to move across membrane.
Passive transport - ANS transport across the membrane that does not require energy
Active transport - ANS transport across the membrane that requires energy
solute concentration - ANS energy of solution depends on...
Driving force - ANS difference in energy across a membrane
chemical, electrical, & electrochemical - ANS three types of driving forces
electrical driving force - ANS driving force that affects charged molecules (ions)
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, membrane potential - ANS a difference in electrical potential or voltage across the plasma
membrane
negative membrane potential - ANS electrical driving force on cations is inward and the force
on anions is outward
electrochemical driving force - ANS determined by the combination of the chemical driving
force and the electrical driving force
equilibrium potential - ANS the membrane potential at which the electrical driving force on
the ion is equal and opposite to the chemical driving force
electrochemical driving force on an ion - ANS set by the difference between the ion's
equilibrium potential and the membrane potential
most permeable - ANS the membrane potential, at ANY time, will always be approaching the
equilibrium potential of the _______ _______ ion
higher - ANS K+ concentrations on the inside of the cell are _____ than the ouside
Outside; into - ANS the chemical gradient at rest tends to push K+ _____ the cell. the
electrical gradient tends to bring K+ _____ the cell.
stronger - ANS at rest, the chemical gradient for K+ is ______ than the electrical gradient.
-94mV - ANS equilbrium potenital for K+ (mV)
@COPYRIGHT 2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED 2
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 100% PASS
2026 EDITION
Semi-permeable membrane - ANS Small or nonpolar molecules can freely diffuse across the
membrane. Large or polar molecules need carrier proteins to move across membrane.
Passive transport - ANS transport across the membrane that does not require energy
Active transport - ANS transport across the membrane that requires energy
solute concentration - ANS energy of solution depends on...
Driving force - ANS difference in energy across a membrane
chemical, electrical, & electrochemical - ANS three types of driving forces
electrical driving force - ANS driving force that affects charged molecules (ions)
@COPYRIGHT 2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED 1
, membrane potential - ANS a difference in electrical potential or voltage across the plasma
membrane
negative membrane potential - ANS electrical driving force on cations is inward and the force
on anions is outward
electrochemical driving force - ANS determined by the combination of the chemical driving
force and the electrical driving force
equilibrium potential - ANS the membrane potential at which the electrical driving force on
the ion is equal and opposite to the chemical driving force
electrochemical driving force on an ion - ANS set by the difference between the ion's
equilibrium potential and the membrane potential
most permeable - ANS the membrane potential, at ANY time, will always be approaching the
equilibrium potential of the _______ _______ ion
higher - ANS K+ concentrations on the inside of the cell are _____ than the ouside
Outside; into - ANS the chemical gradient at rest tends to push K+ _____ the cell. the
electrical gradient tends to bring K+ _____ the cell.
stronger - ANS at rest, the chemical gradient for K+ is ______ than the electrical gradient.
-94mV - ANS equilbrium potenital for K+ (mV)
@COPYRIGHT 2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED 2
