FEDERAL TAX RESEARCH
ROBY B SAWYERS 11THILL
STEVEN GILL EDITION BY ROBY B SAWYERS STEVEN G FEDERAL TAX RESEARCH 11TH EDITION BY
TEST BANK FOR FEDERAL TAX RESEARCH 11TH EDITION BY
ROBY B SAWYERS STEVEN GILL ALL COMPLETE STUDY GUIDE
ALL CHAPTERS 1-19 COVERED QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
GRADED A+ LATEST UPDATE.
,FEDERAL TAX RESEARCH
ROBY B SAWYERS 11THILL
STEVEN GILL EDITION BY ROBY B SAWYERS STEVEN G FEDERAL TAX RESEARCH 11TH EDITION BY
TABLE OF CONTENT
Part I: The Tax Research Environment
1. Introduction to Tax Practice and Ethics
2. Tax Research Methodology
Part II: Primary Sources of Federal Tax Law
3. Constitutional and Legislative Sources
4. Administrative Regulations and Rulings
5. Judicial Interpretations
Part III: Research Tools
6. Thomson Reuters Checkpoint
7. CCH IntelliConnect / AnswerConnect
8. Other Tax Services and Tax Periodicals
9. Multijurisdictional Taxes
10. Financial Accounting Research
Part IV: Implementing the Research Tools
11. Communicating Research Results
12. Tax Planning
13. Working with the IRS
14. Tax Practice and Administration: Sanctions,
Agreements, and Disclosures
,FEDERAL TAX RESEARCH
ROBY B SAWYERS 11THILL
STEVEN GILL EDITION BY ROBY B SAWYERS STEVEN G FEDERAL TAX RESEARCH 11TH EDITION BY
CHAPTER 1
AN INTRODUCTION TO TAX PRACTICE AND ETHICS
DISCUSSION QUESTIONS
1-1. In the United States, the tax system is an outgrowth of the
following five disciplines: law, accounting, economics, political
science, and sociology. The environment for the tax system is
provided by the principles of economics, sociology, and political
science, while the legal and accounting fields are responsible for
the system's interpretation and application.
Each of these disciplines affects this country's tax system in a
unique way. Economists address such issues as how proposed
tax legislation will affect the rate of inflation or economic
growth. Measurement of the social equity of a tax, and
determining whether a tax system discriminates against certain
taxpayers, are issues that are examined by sociologists and
political scientists. Finally, attorneys are responsible for the
inter- pretation of the taxation statutes, and accountants ensure
that these same statutes are applied consistently.
Page 4
1-2. The other major categories of tax practice in addition to tax research are:
• tax compliance
• tax planning
• tax
litigation Page
5
1-3. Tax compliance consists of gathering pertinent information,
evaluating and classifying that information, and filing any
necessary tax returns. Compliance also includes other
functions necessary to satisfy governmental requirements,
such as representing a client during an IRS audit.
Page 5
1-4. Most of the tax compliance work is performed by commercial
tax preparers, enrolled agents, attorneys, and CPAs.
, FEDERAL TAX RESEARCH
ROBY B SAWYERS 11THILL
STEVEN GILL EDITION BY ROBY B SAWYERS STEVEN G FEDERAL TAX RESEARCH 11TH EDITION BY
Noncomplex individual, partnership, and corporate tax returns
often are completed by commercial tax preparers. The
preparation of more complex returns usually is performed by
enrolled agents, attorneys, and CPAs. The latter groups also
provide tax planning services and represent their clients before
the IRS.
An enrolled agent is one who is admitted to practice before the
IRS by passing a special IRS-administered examination, or who
has worked for the IRS for five years, and is issued a permit to
represent clients before the IRS. CPAs and attorneys are not
required to take this examination and are automatically
admitted to practice before the IRS if they are in good standing
with the appropriate professional licensing board.
ROBY B SAWYERS 11THILL
STEVEN GILL EDITION BY ROBY B SAWYERS STEVEN G FEDERAL TAX RESEARCH 11TH EDITION BY
TEST BANK FOR FEDERAL TAX RESEARCH 11TH EDITION BY
ROBY B SAWYERS STEVEN GILL ALL COMPLETE STUDY GUIDE
ALL CHAPTERS 1-19 COVERED QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
GRADED A+ LATEST UPDATE.
,FEDERAL TAX RESEARCH
ROBY B SAWYERS 11THILL
STEVEN GILL EDITION BY ROBY B SAWYERS STEVEN G FEDERAL TAX RESEARCH 11TH EDITION BY
TABLE OF CONTENT
Part I: The Tax Research Environment
1. Introduction to Tax Practice and Ethics
2. Tax Research Methodology
Part II: Primary Sources of Federal Tax Law
3. Constitutional and Legislative Sources
4. Administrative Regulations and Rulings
5. Judicial Interpretations
Part III: Research Tools
6. Thomson Reuters Checkpoint
7. CCH IntelliConnect / AnswerConnect
8. Other Tax Services and Tax Periodicals
9. Multijurisdictional Taxes
10. Financial Accounting Research
Part IV: Implementing the Research Tools
11. Communicating Research Results
12. Tax Planning
13. Working with the IRS
14. Tax Practice and Administration: Sanctions,
Agreements, and Disclosures
,FEDERAL TAX RESEARCH
ROBY B SAWYERS 11THILL
STEVEN GILL EDITION BY ROBY B SAWYERS STEVEN G FEDERAL TAX RESEARCH 11TH EDITION BY
CHAPTER 1
AN INTRODUCTION TO TAX PRACTICE AND ETHICS
DISCUSSION QUESTIONS
1-1. In the United States, the tax system is an outgrowth of the
following five disciplines: law, accounting, economics, political
science, and sociology. The environment for the tax system is
provided by the principles of economics, sociology, and political
science, while the legal and accounting fields are responsible for
the system's interpretation and application.
Each of these disciplines affects this country's tax system in a
unique way. Economists address such issues as how proposed
tax legislation will affect the rate of inflation or economic
growth. Measurement of the social equity of a tax, and
determining whether a tax system discriminates against certain
taxpayers, are issues that are examined by sociologists and
political scientists. Finally, attorneys are responsible for the
inter- pretation of the taxation statutes, and accountants ensure
that these same statutes are applied consistently.
Page 4
1-2. The other major categories of tax practice in addition to tax research are:
• tax compliance
• tax planning
• tax
litigation Page
5
1-3. Tax compliance consists of gathering pertinent information,
evaluating and classifying that information, and filing any
necessary tax returns. Compliance also includes other
functions necessary to satisfy governmental requirements,
such as representing a client during an IRS audit.
Page 5
1-4. Most of the tax compliance work is performed by commercial
tax preparers, enrolled agents, attorneys, and CPAs.
, FEDERAL TAX RESEARCH
ROBY B SAWYERS 11THILL
STEVEN GILL EDITION BY ROBY B SAWYERS STEVEN G FEDERAL TAX RESEARCH 11TH EDITION BY
Noncomplex individual, partnership, and corporate tax returns
often are completed by commercial tax preparers. The
preparation of more complex returns usually is performed by
enrolled agents, attorneys, and CPAs. The latter groups also
provide tax planning services and represent their clients before
the IRS.
An enrolled agent is one who is admitted to practice before the
IRS by passing a special IRS-administered examination, or who
has worked for the IRS for five years, and is issued a permit to
represent clients before the IRS. CPAs and attorneys are not
required to take this examination and are automatically
admitted to practice before the IRS if they are in good standing
with the appropriate professional licensing board.
