Advanced Pathophysiology: Exam 1
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Correct Detailed Answers [Verified] |
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*Chapter 1: Introduction to Pathophysiology*
Risk - CORRECT ANSWER Factor that when present increases the chance of disease
Not stressors, but conditions or situations that increase the likelihood of encountering a stressor
Prevalence - CORRECT ANSWER A measure of disease that allows us to determine a person's
likelihood of having a disease. Therefore, the number of prevalent cases is the total number of
cases of disease existing in a population. A prevalence rate is the total number of cases of a
disease existing in a population divided by the total population
Indicates how widespread the disease is
Incidence - CORRECT ANSWER A measure of disease that allows us to determine a person's
probability of being diagnosed with a disease during a given period of time. Therefore,
incidence is the number of newly diagnosed cases of a disease. An incidence rate is the number
of new cases of a disease divided by the number of persons at risk for the disease.
Conveys information about the risk of contracting the disease.
,Ratio - CORRECT ANSWER The quantitative relation between two amounts showing the number
of times one value contains or is contained within the other.
Primary Prevention - CORRECT ANSWER Altering susceptibility or reducing exposure for
susceptible persons
*Both illness and disease are absent
example: vaccinations, healthy lifestyles
Secondary Prevention - CORRECT ANSWER Early detection, screening, and management of
disease
*Illness absent, disease present
example: screenings and testings
Tertiary Prevention - CORRECT ANSWER Rehabilitation, supportive care, reducing disability, and
restoring effective functioning
*Both illness and disease present
example: education
Epidemiology - CORRECT ANSWER study of the patterns of disease involving populations;
examining the occurrence, incidence, prevalence, transmission, and distribution of diseases in
large groups of populations/people
Endemic - CORRECT ANSWER A disease theat is native to a local region
,Epidemic - CORRECT ANSWER When a disease is disseninated to many individals at the same
time
(spread to many people at the same time)
Pandemic - CORRECT ANSWER Epidemics that affect large geographic regions, perhaps
spreading worldwide.
(spread to large geographic areas)
*Chapter 2: Homeostasis and Adaptive Responses to Stressors* - CORRECT ANSWER
Homeostasis - CORRECT ANSWER A state of being in which all systems are in balance around a
articular ideal "set-point"
Exhausation - CORRECT ANSWER Point where body can no longer return to homeostasis
following a prolonged exposure to noxious agents
Allostatic Overload - CORRECT ANSWER "Cost" of body's organs and tissues for an excessive or
ineffectively regulated allostatic response; effect of "wear and tear" on the body
Adaptation - CORRECT ANSWER Adaptation: biopsychosocial process of change in response to
new or altered circumstances, internal or external in origin
Coping: behavioral adaptive response to a stressor using culturally based coping mechanisms
Adaptation and coping: terms used interchangeably
Arousal - CORRECT ANSWER Includes alterations in responsiveness to homeostatic pressures,
sensory stimuli and emotional reactivity, and to changes in motor activity
Function of Cortisol - CORRECT ANSWER Primary glucocorticoid
, Affects protein metabolism
Promotes appetite and food-seeking behaviors
Has anti-inflammatory effects
Chemical mediator in the inflammation response of the body
Adrenal corticosteroid critical to maintenance of homeostasis
May synergize or antagonize effects of catecholamines
*Chapter 3: Cell Structure and Function* - CORRECT ANSWER
Endocrine Communication - CORRECT ANSWER Hormones traveling in the bloodstream
Long range signaling
Neurocrine Communication - CORRECT ANSWER Neurons firing information through synapses
Signals travel a very small distance between neuron and target cell
Paracrine Communcation - CORRECT ANSWER Signaling through the extraceullar fluid between
cells in a tissue
Localized areas of communication
Autocrine Communcation - CORRECT ANSWER Localized signaling in which the secreting cell is
also the target cell
Feedback to self
Describe an Action Potential - CORRECT ANSWER Rapid, self-propagating electrical excitations
of the membrane
With Practice Exam Questions And
Correct Detailed Answers [Verified] |
2026/2027 Cycle | Already Graded A+ |
Brand New Version | 100% Guaranteed
Success!!!!!!!!!
*Chapter 1: Introduction to Pathophysiology*
Risk - CORRECT ANSWER Factor that when present increases the chance of disease
Not stressors, but conditions or situations that increase the likelihood of encountering a stressor
Prevalence - CORRECT ANSWER A measure of disease that allows us to determine a person's
likelihood of having a disease. Therefore, the number of prevalent cases is the total number of
cases of disease existing in a population. A prevalence rate is the total number of cases of a
disease existing in a population divided by the total population
Indicates how widespread the disease is
Incidence - CORRECT ANSWER A measure of disease that allows us to determine a person's
probability of being diagnosed with a disease during a given period of time. Therefore,
incidence is the number of newly diagnosed cases of a disease. An incidence rate is the number
of new cases of a disease divided by the number of persons at risk for the disease.
Conveys information about the risk of contracting the disease.
,Ratio - CORRECT ANSWER The quantitative relation between two amounts showing the number
of times one value contains or is contained within the other.
Primary Prevention - CORRECT ANSWER Altering susceptibility or reducing exposure for
susceptible persons
*Both illness and disease are absent
example: vaccinations, healthy lifestyles
Secondary Prevention - CORRECT ANSWER Early detection, screening, and management of
disease
*Illness absent, disease present
example: screenings and testings
Tertiary Prevention - CORRECT ANSWER Rehabilitation, supportive care, reducing disability, and
restoring effective functioning
*Both illness and disease present
example: education
Epidemiology - CORRECT ANSWER study of the patterns of disease involving populations;
examining the occurrence, incidence, prevalence, transmission, and distribution of diseases in
large groups of populations/people
Endemic - CORRECT ANSWER A disease theat is native to a local region
,Epidemic - CORRECT ANSWER When a disease is disseninated to many individals at the same
time
(spread to many people at the same time)
Pandemic - CORRECT ANSWER Epidemics that affect large geographic regions, perhaps
spreading worldwide.
(spread to large geographic areas)
*Chapter 2: Homeostasis and Adaptive Responses to Stressors* - CORRECT ANSWER
Homeostasis - CORRECT ANSWER A state of being in which all systems are in balance around a
articular ideal "set-point"
Exhausation - CORRECT ANSWER Point where body can no longer return to homeostasis
following a prolonged exposure to noxious agents
Allostatic Overload - CORRECT ANSWER "Cost" of body's organs and tissues for an excessive or
ineffectively regulated allostatic response; effect of "wear and tear" on the body
Adaptation - CORRECT ANSWER Adaptation: biopsychosocial process of change in response to
new or altered circumstances, internal or external in origin
Coping: behavioral adaptive response to a stressor using culturally based coping mechanisms
Adaptation and coping: terms used interchangeably
Arousal - CORRECT ANSWER Includes alterations in responsiveness to homeostatic pressures,
sensory stimuli and emotional reactivity, and to changes in motor activity
Function of Cortisol - CORRECT ANSWER Primary glucocorticoid
, Affects protein metabolism
Promotes appetite and food-seeking behaviors
Has anti-inflammatory effects
Chemical mediator in the inflammation response of the body
Adrenal corticosteroid critical to maintenance of homeostasis
May synergize or antagonize effects of catecholamines
*Chapter 3: Cell Structure and Function* - CORRECT ANSWER
Endocrine Communication - CORRECT ANSWER Hormones traveling in the bloodstream
Long range signaling
Neurocrine Communication - CORRECT ANSWER Neurons firing information through synapses
Signals travel a very small distance between neuron and target cell
Paracrine Communcation - CORRECT ANSWER Signaling through the extraceullar fluid between
cells in a tissue
Localized areas of communication
Autocrine Communcation - CORRECT ANSWER Localized signaling in which the secreting cell is
also the target cell
Feedback to self
Describe an Action Potential - CORRECT ANSWER Rapid, self-propagating electrical excitations
of the membrane
