ETHICS FINAL EXAM COMPREHENSIVE
SCRIPT 2026 COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND
SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
⩥ How did the Corrective Education Company run afoul of the law
while conducting their privately-operated retail theft diversion program
in California? Answer: They offered shoplifters no actual choice and a
program agreement amounting to extortion
⩥ . Which of the following is not one of the core principles of restorative
justice discussed by Van Ness and Strong (1997)? Answer: all victims of
crime can benefit from restorative justice
⩥ Proponents of restorative justice generally general reject the paradigm
of Answer: punishment
⩥ Under ______, proponents of restorative justice envisage offenders
would undergo therapy, counseling, or training during their time in
custody in a restorative prison. Answer: restorative detention
⩥ Sociological perspectives on punishment include the thinking of
_____ Answer: all of these
,⩥ . Durkheim theorized that the main purposes of punishment were to
Answer: affirm social values and promote social solidarity
⩥ Durkheim took a/an ______ approach by examining aspects of social
life in terms of the functions they perform in society Answer:
functionalist
⩥ Emile Durkheim viewed punishment as promoting social _____
through an affirmation of values, and its expression of outrage upon the
commission of an offense. Answer: solidarity
⩥ Rusche and Kircheimer (1939) take a Marxist approach and argue that
the severity of punishment is directly proportional to
_____. Answer: the availiblity of labor
⩥ The principle of ____ argues that the conditions offenders will
experience in prison must be worse than anything they are likely to
endure outside the prison Answer: less eligiblity__
⩥ The most pressing problem in corrections today is Answer: prison
population explosion
⩥ The estimated number of state and federal prison inmates on
December 31, 2016 totaled Answer: 1,505,400`
,⩥ Between 1982 and 1999, over ______ state and at least 51 federal
correctional facilities were opened. Answer: 600
⩥ By the end of 2015, about _______adults in the U.S. was under some
type of correctional supervision. Answer: 1 in 37
⩥ According to the timeline of events, during which decade did crime
rates begin to rise for reasons that still remain unclear? Answer: 1960s
⩥ According to the timeline of events, during which year did the Safe
Streets Act enlarge the federal role in crime control? Answer: 1967
⩥ According to the timeline of events, during which year did the war on
drugs begin to severely impact the criminal justice system as
prosecutions increased? Answer: 1986
⩥ According to the timeline of events, during which year did the
Department of Justice continue its policy of playing a lead role in
campaigning for more punitive crime control policies? Answer: 1988
⩥ One of the outcomes of mass incarceration policies has been Answer:
prison overcrowding
⩥ Which of the following is not one of the results of overcrowding?
Answer: Additional treatment and re-entry programs
, ⩥ In 2009, the U.S. Supreme Court ordered that California prison
populations must be reduced to ______% of design capacity within two
years Answer: 137.5%
⩥ . Which of the following states houses the largest women's prison in
the world? Answer: California
⩥ The female prison population has _____ since 1990. Answer: more
than doubled_
⩥ As of December 31, 2012, which of the following categories of crime
was the highest percentage of women incarcerated for? Answer: violent
offenses
⩥ Females comprised ______ of the total national prison population by
the end of 2016. Answer: 7%
⩥ In the federal prison system, ______ of females have been convicted
of a drug-related offense, while ______ of men in federal prison are
serving time for drug-related offenses Answer: 56%, 47%
⩥ In light of the costs of incarceration, what new class of prisoner has
been created? Answer: debtors
SCRIPT 2026 COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND
SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
⩥ How did the Corrective Education Company run afoul of the law
while conducting their privately-operated retail theft diversion program
in California? Answer: They offered shoplifters no actual choice and a
program agreement amounting to extortion
⩥ . Which of the following is not one of the core principles of restorative
justice discussed by Van Ness and Strong (1997)? Answer: all victims of
crime can benefit from restorative justice
⩥ Proponents of restorative justice generally general reject the paradigm
of Answer: punishment
⩥ Under ______, proponents of restorative justice envisage offenders
would undergo therapy, counseling, or training during their time in
custody in a restorative prison. Answer: restorative detention
⩥ Sociological perspectives on punishment include the thinking of
_____ Answer: all of these
,⩥ . Durkheim theorized that the main purposes of punishment were to
Answer: affirm social values and promote social solidarity
⩥ Durkheim took a/an ______ approach by examining aspects of social
life in terms of the functions they perform in society Answer:
functionalist
⩥ Emile Durkheim viewed punishment as promoting social _____
through an affirmation of values, and its expression of outrage upon the
commission of an offense. Answer: solidarity
⩥ Rusche and Kircheimer (1939) take a Marxist approach and argue that
the severity of punishment is directly proportional to
_____. Answer: the availiblity of labor
⩥ The principle of ____ argues that the conditions offenders will
experience in prison must be worse than anything they are likely to
endure outside the prison Answer: less eligiblity__
⩥ The most pressing problem in corrections today is Answer: prison
population explosion
⩥ The estimated number of state and federal prison inmates on
December 31, 2016 totaled Answer: 1,505,400`
,⩥ Between 1982 and 1999, over ______ state and at least 51 federal
correctional facilities were opened. Answer: 600
⩥ By the end of 2015, about _______adults in the U.S. was under some
type of correctional supervision. Answer: 1 in 37
⩥ According to the timeline of events, during which decade did crime
rates begin to rise for reasons that still remain unclear? Answer: 1960s
⩥ According to the timeline of events, during which year did the Safe
Streets Act enlarge the federal role in crime control? Answer: 1967
⩥ According to the timeline of events, during which year did the war on
drugs begin to severely impact the criminal justice system as
prosecutions increased? Answer: 1986
⩥ According to the timeline of events, during which year did the
Department of Justice continue its policy of playing a lead role in
campaigning for more punitive crime control policies? Answer: 1988
⩥ One of the outcomes of mass incarceration policies has been Answer:
prison overcrowding
⩥ Which of the following is not one of the results of overcrowding?
Answer: Additional treatment and re-entry programs
, ⩥ In 2009, the U.S. Supreme Court ordered that California prison
populations must be reduced to ______% of design capacity within two
years Answer: 137.5%
⩥ . Which of the following states houses the largest women's prison in
the world? Answer: California
⩥ The female prison population has _____ since 1990. Answer: more
than doubled_
⩥ As of December 31, 2012, which of the following categories of crime
was the highest percentage of women incarcerated for? Answer: violent
offenses
⩥ Females comprised ______ of the total national prison population by
the end of 2016. Answer: 7%
⩥ In the federal prison system, ______ of females have been convicted
of a drug-related offense, while ______ of men in federal prison are
serving time for drug-related offenses Answer: 56%, 47%
⩥ In light of the costs of incarceration, what new class of prisoner has
been created? Answer: debtors
