Child Abuse, Elder Abuse, Intimate Partner Violence, Domestic
Violence, Neglect, Emotional Abuse, Physical Abuse, Sexual Abuse,
Vulnerable Persons, Perpetrators, Risk Factors, Cycle of Violence,
Tension-Building Phase, Acute Battering Phase, Honeymoon Phase,
Safety Plan, Mandated Reporting, Multidisciplinary Team, Forensic
Interview, Body Map, Play Therapy, Secondary Trauma, Compassion
Fatigue, PTSD, Depression, Anxiety, Suicidal Ideation, Screening,
Intervention, Prevention, Documentation, Empathy, Support Services
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Child, Partner and Elder Violence: Types of Abuse
Emotional abuse
Physical abuse
Sexual abuse
Neglect
These can cause long lasting damage and are often passed down in families
Nursing is often first point of contact in domestic abuse and violence.
Epidemiology
Prevalence
Half of all people in US have experienced abuse in their families; much underreporting
Child: more girls are abused (80% by parents)
Teens: girls and boys equally
Intimate Partner: females 6x
,Older adult: family and institutional settings
Child Abuse
¢Majority of deaths under age 4 are abuse related
¢Most commonly reported is neglect
¢CDC states 1 in 4 girls and 1 in 6 boys may be sexually abused before adulthood
¢Assessment: fearful, timid, disheveled, school absenteeism. Loyal to parent or fear retribution Believe
it is their fault
¢If suspected abuse, child interviewed alone, question gently, can use dolls/drawings; ask open ended
questions and concrete statements
¢When interviewing parents: Avoid anger, judgmental attitude; use open ended questions.
possible indicators of sexual abuse in children
An increase in nightmares or other sleep problems
• Withdrawn behavior
• Angry outbursts
• Anxiety
• Not wanting to be left along with a particular individual
• Sexual knowledge, language, or behaviors that are inappropriate for the child's age
• Talk about their body being dirty
• Complaints of new physical symptoms
, Characteristics of Vulnerable Persons: Children
¢Perceived as "different"
¢Remind parents of someone they do not like
¢Product of an unwanted pregnancy
¢Interference with emotional bonding between parent and child
Characteristics of caregivers that increase rate of abuse to child
¢Emotionally immature, needy, incapable of meeting own needs much less that of child
¢Teen, single parent
¢Parent using substance
¢Mental illness
¢Parent was abused as child or adult
¢Poverty, lack of family support
Nursing assessment with child
¢Remain calm and do not allow the child to see any initial response of shock.
¢Use age-appropriate language, and use the terms that the child uses to describe anatomical parts.