Exam (elaborations) SCIENCE 123

Student Exploration: Calorimetry Lab Vocabulary: calorie, calorimeter, joule, specific heat capacity Prior Knowledge Questions (Do these BEFORE using the Gizmo.) 1. The Latin word calor means “heat,” and meter comes from the Greek word meaning “to measure.” What do you think a calorimeter does? A calorimeter allows you to measure physical properties of materials such as specific heat or heat of fusion. 2. Where have you heard the word calorie before? What do you think a calorie is? is the amount of energy, or heat, it takes to raise the temperature of 1 gram of water by 1 degree Celsius Gizmo Warm-up A calorimeter is an insulated container filled with a liquid, usually water. When a hot object is placed in the calorimeter, heat energy is transferred from the object to the water and the water heats up. Calorimeters can be used to find a substance’s specific heat capacity. You will use the Calorimetry Lab Gizmo to determine the specific heat capacities of various substances. 1. On the SIMULATION pane, select Copper. Use the slider to set its Mass to 200 g. Set the Water mass to 200 g. Check that the Water temp is set to 35.0 °C and the copper’s Temp is 95 °C. Select the GRAPH tab, and click Play ( ). A. What was the Final temperature of the copper and the water? 34.96 B. How much did the temperature of the copper change? 55.04 C. How much did the temperature of the water change? 4.96 2. Specific heat capacity can be described as a substance’s resistance to temperature changes. Which substance has a greater specific heat capacity, copper or water? Explain. water because it has a greater specific heat, the water resisted temp more than copper Activity A: Heat transfer Get the Gizmo ready: • Click Reset ( ). Question: What factors determine how heat energy transfers between objects? 1. Predict: In the Gizmo warm-up, you saw how 200 g of 95 °C copper transfers heat to 200 g of 35.0 °C water. A. How do you think increasing the water’s mass would affect the final temperature? the final temp would be lower B. How do you think decreasing the copper’s mass would affect the final temperature? the final temp would be lower C. How do you think increasing or decreasing the copper’s initial temperature would affect the final temperature? coppers final temp would be high, water final temp would be lower 2. Collect data: Use the Gizmo to determine the final temperature for each set-up listed below. Record your results in the tables. In the first table, you experiment with changing the water’s mass. In the second table, you change the copper’s mass. In the third table, you change the initial temperature of the copper. The first row of each table has been completed for you. Copper Water Final Temp. Initial Temp. (°C) Mass (g) Initial Temp. (°C) Mass (g) (°C) 3. 95 °C 200 g 35.0 °C 200 g 39.96 °C 95 °C 200 g 35.0 °C 2,000 g 4. 95 °C 200 g 35.0 °C 200 g 39.96 °C 95 °C 20 g 35.0 °C 200 g 5. 95 °C 200 g 35.0 °C 200 g 39.96 °C 100 °C 200 g 35.0 °C 200 g 50 °C 200 g 35.0 °C 200 g Continued..........................