N6637 Week 10 |Musculoskeletal and Orthopedic Assessmentplet: Sprains, Strains, Dislocations, Fractures, Ligament and Tendon Injuries, Trigger Finger, Tenosynovitis, Ganglion Cysts, Carpal Tunnel Syndrome, Bursitis, Shoulder, Elbow, Knee, Hip, Ankle, Achi

N6637 Week 10 |Musculoskeletal and Orthopedic Assessment: Sprains, Strains, Dislocations, Fractures, Ligament and Tendon Injuries, Trigger Finger, Tenosynovitis, Ganglion Cysts, Carpal Tunnel Syndrome, Bursitis, Shoulder, Elbow, Knee, Hip, Ankle, Achilles Tendon, Plantar Fasciitis, Low Back Pain, Lumbar Strain, Radiculopathy, Scoliosis, Kyphosis, Lordosis, Cervical Spine Injuries, Vertebral Fractures, Neck Pain, Radiculopathy, Occipital Neuralgia, Neurological Assessment, Ottawa Rules, Diagnostic Imaging, Conservative and Surgical Management, Patient Education, Rehabilitation Protocols Exam Questions Verified and Provided with Complete A+ Graded Rationales Latest Updated 2026 Sprain Tearing of ligament First degree: microscopic tear, due to overstretching of ligaments Second degree: incomplete tear with some functional impairment Third degree: difficulty with weight bearing, complete rupture of the ligament Edema, discoloration, pain with movement Strain Overstretching of muscles Local pain, swelling Dislocation Bone is displaced at the joint Fracture Break in the bone Closed or open Pinpoint pain May be discoloration, swelling, decreased range of motion Sprains, strains, fractures Physical examination: Examine joint above and below injury; Circulatory, motor and sensory function must be assessed Palpation for laxity Diagnostics: X ray Management: If negative for fracture: RICE (ice 20-min intervals as often as tolerated, elevate above heart for 24 hours); NSAIDS if positive for fx: most require referral to ortho Trigger finger Painful locking or triggering during extension Most commonly involves middle or ring finger PE: finger fully flexed; pop felt as tendon slides back through affected pulley; palpable tender nodule at base of affected digit Diagnostics: not indicated Management: immediate ortho referral if finger cannot be passively extended; NSAIDs; thumb spica; ortho referral if no improvement Tenosynovitis (De Quervain) Inflammation of tendon & its sheath (base of thumb) Occupation that requires repetitive wrist or thumb movement New parents Pain with ulnar deviation under stress - Pouring from a pitcher PE: may be visible nodule at radial base of thumb, +finkelstein test Diagnostics: x ray to exclude fracture or arthritis Diagnostics: x ray to exclude fracture or arthritis Management: Ice, NSAIDs, continuous immobilization in padded gutter split; cortisone injection; ortho referral if no imporvement Ganglion cysts Soft tissue lesions filled with fluid; can change over time Common locations: dorsal carpal & volar surface Unknown cause; pain, weakness & bone changes can occur PE: smooth, rubbery; numbness and tingling may be present if compression of nerve Diagnostics: ultrasound or MRI Management: referral to ortho Carpal tunnel Medial nerve compressed in wrist Gradual symptoms and most commonly present at night Tingling and numbness Painful Occasional pain extending to forearm and shoulder PE: +phalen/tinel Diagnostics: x ray may be indicated, EMG to eval conductive nerve study Management: wrist spints, NSAIDs, ice, work modifications; hand specialists if no improvement hand/wrist pain Complications: contractures, deformity, pain; nerve compression