Pulmonary Circulation Certification Paper 2026/2027 Full Solution Graded A+ | Updated 2026/2027 | Instant Download | Complete Cardiopulmonary Exam Guide

PULMONARY CIRCULATION
CERTIFICATION PAPER 2026 FULL
SOLUTION GRADED A+

● What are the two circuits of body circulation? Answer: The pulmonary
circuit and the systemic circuit.


● Describe the flow of blood in the pulmonary circuit. Answer: Heart →
pulmonary arteries → lungs → pulmonary veins → heart.


● Describe the flow of blood in the systemic circuit. Answer: Heart →
aorta → organs of the body through systemic arteries → systemic veins
→ heart.


● What powers the pulmonary circulation? Answer: The right side of the
heart.


● What powers the systemic circulation? Answer: The left side of the
heart.


● Where is the heart located? Answer: In the thoracic cavity, medially
between the lungs in the mediastinum.

, ● What separates the heart from other structures? Answer: The
pericardium, or pericardial sac.


● What is the size of the heart relative to the human body? Answer: The
size of a fist.


● What are the three layers of the heart wall? Answer: Epicardium,
myocardium, and endocardium.


● What is the function of the myocardium? Answer: It is the layer of
cardiac muscle that contracts to pump blood.


● What is the fibrous skeleton of the heart? Answer: A framework of
collagenous and elastic fibers providing structural support and electrical
insulation.


● What are the four chambers of the heart? Answer: Right atrium, left
atrium, right ventricle, left ventricle.


● What separates the right and left atria? Answer: The interatrial septum.


● What separates the right and left ventricles? Answer: The
interventricular septum.