BIO 182 EXAM 3-NAU, EXAM 3 QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS
What are the 3 domains of life - Answers -Archaea, Eukarya, Bacteria
Which domains of life are the most recent ancestors? - Answers -Eukarya and Archaea
Which domain are extremophiles? - Answers -Archaea
What are some common features between Domain Archaea and Eukarya - Answers -
histone proteins
Ribsomal proteins
RNA polymerases
What type of bacteria is Cyanobacteria - Answers -photosynthetic bacteria
ONLY prokaryote to generate O2
What is horizontal gene transfer? - Answers -movement of one or more genes from one
species to another
What shape of bacteria is Cocci - Answers -spherical
What shape of bacteria is Bacilli - Answers -rod
What shape of bacteria is Vibrios - Answers -comma-shaped
What shape of bacteria is Spirilli/Spirochaetes - Answers -spiral
What are two structures of motility in bacteria - Answers -flagella
Pili
How does bacteria reproduce - Answers -binary fission
What is the energy and carbon source of photoautotrophs? - Answers -light and CO2
What is the energy and carbon source of chemoautotroph? - Answers -inorganic
compounds and CO2
What is the energy and carbon source of photoheterotrophs? - Answers -light and
organic compounds
What is the energy and carbon source of chemoheterotrophic - Answers -organic
compounds x2
,What are obligate aerobes - Answers -require O2
What are facultative aerobes - Answers -can use O2 or not
What are obligate anaerobes - Answers -cannot tolerate O2
What are aerotolerant anaerobes - Answers -does not use O2 but not poisoned by it
What is bioremediation - Answers -the use of organisms to remove pollutants from
water, air, and soil
What is a positive symbiotic relationships with bacteria and its host - Answers -
mutualism
What is a negative symbiotic relationships with bacteria and its host - Answers -
pathogens
What are protists - Answers -eukaryotes that are not classified in the plant, animal, or
fungal kingdoms but closely related
What are three major groups of protists - Answers -algae
Protozoa
Fungus-like
What are the 4 types of nutrition for protists - Answers -plagotrophy
Osmotrophy
Photoautotrophy
Mixotrophy
Plagotrophy - Answers -heterotrophs ingests tiny particles
Osmotrophy - Answers -heterotrophs that rely on uptake of small organic molecules
Photoautotrophy - Answers -photosynthetic
Mixotrophy - Answers -able to use autotrophy and phagotrophy or osmotrophy
depending on conditions
Zygotic Meiosis - Answers -haploid dominant
Gametic Meiosis - Answers -diploid dominant
Sporic Meiosis - Answers -alternations of generations
Mode of nutrition for fungi - Answers -absorptive heterotroph
, What is absorptive heterotrophic - Answers -get carbon from organic sources
Hyphal tips releases enzymes
Enzymatic breakdown of substrate
Products diffuse back into hyphae
Septate - Answers -cross wall divide cells of mycellium
Aseptate - Answers -not partioned into smaller cells
Nuclei divide without cytokinesis
What are the cell walls of fungi made of? - Answers -Chitin
Reproduction structure of fungi - Answers -sporangium
What is Mycorrhizal fungi - Answers -mutualism with fungi and roots
Increases roots ability to take up water and nutrients
What is the function of mycorrhizal fungi - Answers -provide protection
Fungi receives carbs and vitamins
Traits of Ectomycorrhizae (EM) - Answers -grows externally
5000 species
Woody
Basidiomycetes and some ascomycetes
Traits of Arbuscular Mycorrhizae (AM) - Answers -grow within the cells
70% of all plant species
Herbaceous
What are lichen? - Answers -a symbiotic relationship between algae and fungi
What are the 4 phyla of fungi - Answers -chytrids
Zygomycetes
Ascomycetes
Basidiomycetes
Traits of Chytrids - Answers -lives in water/moist soil
More decomposers
Some pathogens/parasites
Traits of Zygomycetes - Answers -molds
Zygotic - haploid
Zygosporangium
Traits of Ascomycetes - Answers -sub divided by septa
Sporic - A of G
ANSWERS
What are the 3 domains of life - Answers -Archaea, Eukarya, Bacteria
Which domains of life are the most recent ancestors? - Answers -Eukarya and Archaea
Which domain are extremophiles? - Answers -Archaea
What are some common features between Domain Archaea and Eukarya - Answers -
histone proteins
Ribsomal proteins
RNA polymerases
What type of bacteria is Cyanobacteria - Answers -photosynthetic bacteria
ONLY prokaryote to generate O2
What is horizontal gene transfer? - Answers -movement of one or more genes from one
species to another
What shape of bacteria is Cocci - Answers -spherical
What shape of bacteria is Bacilli - Answers -rod
What shape of bacteria is Vibrios - Answers -comma-shaped
What shape of bacteria is Spirilli/Spirochaetes - Answers -spiral
What are two structures of motility in bacteria - Answers -flagella
Pili
How does bacteria reproduce - Answers -binary fission
What is the energy and carbon source of photoautotrophs? - Answers -light and CO2
What is the energy and carbon source of chemoautotroph? - Answers -inorganic
compounds and CO2
What is the energy and carbon source of photoheterotrophs? - Answers -light and
organic compounds
What is the energy and carbon source of chemoheterotrophic - Answers -organic
compounds x2
,What are obligate aerobes - Answers -require O2
What are facultative aerobes - Answers -can use O2 or not
What are obligate anaerobes - Answers -cannot tolerate O2
What are aerotolerant anaerobes - Answers -does not use O2 but not poisoned by it
What is bioremediation - Answers -the use of organisms to remove pollutants from
water, air, and soil
What is a positive symbiotic relationships with bacteria and its host - Answers -
mutualism
What is a negative symbiotic relationships with bacteria and its host - Answers -
pathogens
What are protists - Answers -eukaryotes that are not classified in the plant, animal, or
fungal kingdoms but closely related
What are three major groups of protists - Answers -algae
Protozoa
Fungus-like
What are the 4 types of nutrition for protists - Answers -plagotrophy
Osmotrophy
Photoautotrophy
Mixotrophy
Plagotrophy - Answers -heterotrophs ingests tiny particles
Osmotrophy - Answers -heterotrophs that rely on uptake of small organic molecules
Photoautotrophy - Answers -photosynthetic
Mixotrophy - Answers -able to use autotrophy and phagotrophy or osmotrophy
depending on conditions
Zygotic Meiosis - Answers -haploid dominant
Gametic Meiosis - Answers -diploid dominant
Sporic Meiosis - Answers -alternations of generations
Mode of nutrition for fungi - Answers -absorptive heterotroph
, What is absorptive heterotrophic - Answers -get carbon from organic sources
Hyphal tips releases enzymes
Enzymatic breakdown of substrate
Products diffuse back into hyphae
Septate - Answers -cross wall divide cells of mycellium
Aseptate - Answers -not partioned into smaller cells
Nuclei divide without cytokinesis
What are the cell walls of fungi made of? - Answers -Chitin
Reproduction structure of fungi - Answers -sporangium
What is Mycorrhizal fungi - Answers -mutualism with fungi and roots
Increases roots ability to take up water and nutrients
What is the function of mycorrhizal fungi - Answers -provide protection
Fungi receives carbs and vitamins
Traits of Ectomycorrhizae (EM) - Answers -grows externally
5000 species
Woody
Basidiomycetes and some ascomycetes
Traits of Arbuscular Mycorrhizae (AM) - Answers -grow within the cells
70% of all plant species
Herbaceous
What are lichen? - Answers -a symbiotic relationship between algae and fungi
What are the 4 phyla of fungi - Answers -chytrids
Zygomycetes
Ascomycetes
Basidiomycetes
Traits of Chytrids - Answers -lives in water/moist soil
More decomposers
Some pathogens/parasites
Traits of Zygomycetes - Answers -molds
Zygotic - haploid
Zygosporangium
Traits of Ascomycetes - Answers -sub divided by septa
Sporic - A of G
