PCC Exam 1 – UNMC, 2026 – Law & Ethics Study and
Practice Material
culture - ANS✔✔ a pattern of shared attitudes, beliefs, self-definitions, norms, roles, and values
that can occur among those who speak a particular language or live in a defined geographical
region
cultural competence - ANS✔✔ expected component of nursing education and professional
nursing practice. It means conveying acceptance of the patient's belief
Acculturation - ANS✔✔ the process by which a person acquires new attitudes, roles, customs or
behaviors as a result of contact with that new culture—but the culture of the 'new' culture is
also changed as a result of this contact.
Assimilation - ANS✔✔ the individual gives up the ways of their own culture and adopts the
ways of the 'new' culture. This is often forced by the 'dominant' culture.
With acculturation, an individual will retain more of her original culture, becoming bicultural,
whereas with assimilation, an individual will take on more values of the dominant culture. -
ANS✔✔ difference between acculturation and assimilation
ethnicity - ANS✔✔ often refers to the ancestral group to which a person 'belongs' or identifies
with. Can also be strongly influenced by geography and language of origin or identity
Ethnocentrism - ANS✔✔ the belief/attitude that one's own social group/ethnicity/category and
the values/behaviors/beliefs of one's own group are superior, better, 'right'.
Race - ANS✔✔ a way of categorizing people by physical or biological characteristics like color of
skin, shape of eye- folds, nose shape
, health disparities - ANS✔✔ a particular type of health difference that is closely linked with
social, economic, and/or environmental disadvantage
Spirituality - ANS✔✔ which is an individualistic subjective experience of transformation or
connection to a higher power. Closely related to culture because spiritual beliefs are embedded
within cultural
Family Systems - ANS✔✔ they are affected by culture in many ways, including the manner in
which sick family members receive care, beliefs about sharing information with outsiders,
gender roles, and childrearing practices.
Family Systems Theory - ANS✔✔ nurses to "view the family as a unit and thus focus on
observing the interaction among family members and between the family and the illness or
problem rather than studying family members individuals"
non-western cultures explanation of illness might be linked to natural causes(bacteria, viruses,
climate), the social world (punishment for individual behaviors or negative social interactions),
or supernatural world (ancestral spirits and deities). Western cultures are more likely to endorse
solely biomedical causation theories. - ANS✔✔ describe how culture can influence illness
You can not provide the same amount of care because not every culture accepts the same
provision of care. If we treat them equally we are ignoring at risk groups and vulnerable
populations - ANS✔✔ Explain how the many facets of culture affect a health care provider's
ability to provide culturally congruent care
Health disparities adversely affect groups of people who have systematically experienced
greater obstacles to health based on their racial, ethnic, or cultural group; religion;
socioeconomic status; gender; age; mental health; cognitive, sensory, or physical disability;
sexual orientation or gender identity; geographic location; or other characteristics historically
linked to discrimination or exclusion.
Practice Material
culture - ANS✔✔ a pattern of shared attitudes, beliefs, self-definitions, norms, roles, and values
that can occur among those who speak a particular language or live in a defined geographical
region
cultural competence - ANS✔✔ expected component of nursing education and professional
nursing practice. It means conveying acceptance of the patient's belief
Acculturation - ANS✔✔ the process by which a person acquires new attitudes, roles, customs or
behaviors as a result of contact with that new culture—but the culture of the 'new' culture is
also changed as a result of this contact.
Assimilation - ANS✔✔ the individual gives up the ways of their own culture and adopts the
ways of the 'new' culture. This is often forced by the 'dominant' culture.
With acculturation, an individual will retain more of her original culture, becoming bicultural,
whereas with assimilation, an individual will take on more values of the dominant culture. -
ANS✔✔ difference between acculturation and assimilation
ethnicity - ANS✔✔ often refers to the ancestral group to which a person 'belongs' or identifies
with. Can also be strongly influenced by geography and language of origin or identity
Ethnocentrism - ANS✔✔ the belief/attitude that one's own social group/ethnicity/category and
the values/behaviors/beliefs of one's own group are superior, better, 'right'.
Race - ANS✔✔ a way of categorizing people by physical or biological characteristics like color of
skin, shape of eye- folds, nose shape
, health disparities - ANS✔✔ a particular type of health difference that is closely linked with
social, economic, and/or environmental disadvantage
Spirituality - ANS✔✔ which is an individualistic subjective experience of transformation or
connection to a higher power. Closely related to culture because spiritual beliefs are embedded
within cultural
Family Systems - ANS✔✔ they are affected by culture in many ways, including the manner in
which sick family members receive care, beliefs about sharing information with outsiders,
gender roles, and childrearing practices.
Family Systems Theory - ANS✔✔ nurses to "view the family as a unit and thus focus on
observing the interaction among family members and between the family and the illness or
problem rather than studying family members individuals"
non-western cultures explanation of illness might be linked to natural causes(bacteria, viruses,
climate), the social world (punishment for individual behaviors or negative social interactions),
or supernatural world (ancestral spirits and deities). Western cultures are more likely to endorse
solely biomedical causation theories. - ANS✔✔ describe how culture can influence illness
You can not provide the same amount of care because not every culture accepts the same
provision of care. If we treat them equally we are ignoring at risk groups and vulnerable
populations - ANS✔✔ Explain how the many facets of culture affect a health care provider's
ability to provide culturally congruent care
Health disparities adversely affect groups of people who have systematically experienced
greater obstacles to health based on their racial, ethnic, or cultural group; religion;
socioeconomic status; gender; age; mental health; cognitive, sensory, or physical disability;
sexual orientation or gender identity; geographic location; or other characteristics historically
linked to discrimination or exclusion.
