SOUTH CAROLINA BIOLOGY EOC
COMPREHENSIVE ASSESSMENT 2026
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
⫸ Data. Answer: info gathered from observations
⫸ Inferences. Answer: logical interpretations on prior knowledge or experience
⫸ What must a hypothesis be? Answer: Testable
⫸ how many variables are in a good exp. Answer: 1
⫸ what are constants/controlled variables. Answer: factors that stay the same
⫸ what is the Independent variable. Answer: the factor being manipulated
⫸ what is the dependent variable. Answer: factor being measured
⫸ theory. Answer: explanation that applies to broad range of phenomena and are supported
evidence
⫸ scientific law. Answer: statement that describes some part of the phenomena that is always
true
⫸ polymerization. Answer: when macro molecules are formed through attaching monomers
⫸ monomers. Answer: basic unit of macromolecules
,⫸ polymers. Answer: a large molecule formed by attaching many molecules together
⫸ what are monosaccharides. Answer: has one monomer; carbohydrate
⫸ disaccharide. Answer: have two monomers; carbohydrate
⫸ denatured. Answer: to become inactive; refers to a protein
⫸ substrate. Answer: the reaction of an enzyme reaction
⫸ cell theory. Answer: 1. all living things are made of cells
2. basic unit of structure and function in living things
3. new cells are produced from existing cells
⫸ cell wall. Answer: surrounds cell membrane in plants; rigid
⫸ cell membrane. Answer: A cell structure that controls which substances can enter or leave
the cell.
⫸ nucleus. Answer: contains the cell's DNA
⫸ cytoskeleton. Answer: found throughout the cytoplasm and supports the cell
⫸ centrioles. Answer: involved in cell division
⫸ cell wall, vacuole, cytoskeleton. Answer: provides support to plant cells
⫸ ribosomes. Answer: involved in protein synthesis
, ⫸ chloroplast. Answer: Site of photosynthesis; contains chlorophyll
⫸ cytoplasm. Answer: A jellylike fluid inside the cell in which the organelles are suspended
⫸ nucleus. Answer: A part of the cell containing DNA and RNA and responsible for growth
and reproduction
⫸ vacuole. Answer: stores water, enzymes, and waste products
⫸ mitochondria. Answer: makes energy in the form of ATP
⫸ lysosomes. Answer: contains digestive enzymes
⫸ Golgi apparatus (Golgi complex, Golgi bodies). Answer: process and packages proteins
and other substances
⫸ flagella. Answer: whip like structure used for movement
⫸ nuclear envelope or nuclear membrane. Answer: surrounds the nucleus
⫸ ribosomes. Answer: can be either free floating in the cytoplasm or attached to the
endoplasmic reticulum; site of protein synthesis
⫸ rough ER. Answer: prepares proteins for export or insertion into cell membrane; has
ribosomes
⫸ smooth ER. Answer: builds lipids; no ribosomes
⫸ nucleolus. Answer: makes ribosmal RNA
COMPREHENSIVE ASSESSMENT 2026
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
⫸ Data. Answer: info gathered from observations
⫸ Inferences. Answer: logical interpretations on prior knowledge or experience
⫸ What must a hypothesis be? Answer: Testable
⫸ how many variables are in a good exp. Answer: 1
⫸ what are constants/controlled variables. Answer: factors that stay the same
⫸ what is the Independent variable. Answer: the factor being manipulated
⫸ what is the dependent variable. Answer: factor being measured
⫸ theory. Answer: explanation that applies to broad range of phenomena and are supported
evidence
⫸ scientific law. Answer: statement that describes some part of the phenomena that is always
true
⫸ polymerization. Answer: when macro molecules are formed through attaching monomers
⫸ monomers. Answer: basic unit of macromolecules
,⫸ polymers. Answer: a large molecule formed by attaching many molecules together
⫸ what are monosaccharides. Answer: has one monomer; carbohydrate
⫸ disaccharide. Answer: have two monomers; carbohydrate
⫸ denatured. Answer: to become inactive; refers to a protein
⫸ substrate. Answer: the reaction of an enzyme reaction
⫸ cell theory. Answer: 1. all living things are made of cells
2. basic unit of structure and function in living things
3. new cells are produced from existing cells
⫸ cell wall. Answer: surrounds cell membrane in plants; rigid
⫸ cell membrane. Answer: A cell structure that controls which substances can enter or leave
the cell.
⫸ nucleus. Answer: contains the cell's DNA
⫸ cytoskeleton. Answer: found throughout the cytoplasm and supports the cell
⫸ centrioles. Answer: involved in cell division
⫸ cell wall, vacuole, cytoskeleton. Answer: provides support to plant cells
⫸ ribosomes. Answer: involved in protein synthesis
, ⫸ chloroplast. Answer: Site of photosynthesis; contains chlorophyll
⫸ cytoplasm. Answer: A jellylike fluid inside the cell in which the organelles are suspended
⫸ nucleus. Answer: A part of the cell containing DNA and RNA and responsible for growth
and reproduction
⫸ vacuole. Answer: stores water, enzymes, and waste products
⫸ mitochondria. Answer: makes energy in the form of ATP
⫸ lysosomes. Answer: contains digestive enzymes
⫸ Golgi apparatus (Golgi complex, Golgi bodies). Answer: process and packages proteins
and other substances
⫸ flagella. Answer: whip like structure used for movement
⫸ nuclear envelope or nuclear membrane. Answer: surrounds the nucleus
⫸ ribosomes. Answer: can be either free floating in the cytoplasm or attached to the
endoplasmic reticulum; site of protein synthesis
⫸ rough ER. Answer: prepares proteins for export or insertion into cell membrane; has
ribosomes
⫸ smooth ER. Answer: builds lipids; no ribosomes
⫸ nucleolus. Answer: makes ribosmal RNA
