SOUTH CAROLINA BIOLOGY EOC BOARD
EVALUATION 2026 CORRECT ANSWERS
GRADED A+
⁕ Data. Answer: info gathered from observations
⁕ What must a hypothesis be?. Answer: Testable
⁕ monomers. Answer: basic unit of macromolecules
⁕ polymers. Answer: a large molecule formed by attaching many molecules together
⁕ what are monosaccharides. Answer: has one monomer; carbohydrate
⁕ denatured. Answer: to become inactive; refers to a protein
⁕ substrate. Answer: the reactants of an enzyme reaction
⁕ cell theory. Answer: 1. all living things are made of cells
2. basic unit of structure and function in living things
3. new cells are produced from existing cells
⁕ cell wall. Answer: surrounds cell membrane in plants; rigid
⁕ cell membrane. Answer: A cell structure that controls which substances can enter or leave
the cell.
⁕ nucleus. Answer: contains the cell's DNA
,⁕ ribosomes. Answer: involved in protein synthesis
⁕ chloroplast. Answer: Site of photosynthesis; contains chlorophyll
⁕ nucleus. Answer: A part of the cell containing DNA and RNA and responsible for growth
and reproduction
⁕ lysosomes. Answer: contains digestive enzymes
⁕ Golgi apparatus (Golgi complex, Golgi bodies). Answer: process and packages proteins and
other substances
⁕ flagella. Answer: whip like structure used for movement
⁕ nucleolus. Answer: makes ribosmal RNA
⁕ cilia. Answer: hairlike structures on the outer surface of the cell; used for movement
⁕ characteristics of viruses. Answer: 1. too small to be seen with a light microscope
2. capsid surrounds the genetic material
3. contain nucleic acids (DNA or RNA)
4. no nucleus
5. do not have membrane bound organelles
6. not a cell; not considered living
7. cannot reproduce by themselves
⁕ what two organelles are not in animal cells. Answer: cell wall and chloroplast
, ⁕ homeostasis. Answer: balanced internal condition of cells or maintain a relatively constant
internal environment even though the external environment is changing
⁕ describe the polar and non polar regions of the phospholipid layer. Answer: polar heads are
hydrophilic "water loving"
non polar tails are hydrophobic "water fearing"
⁕ why is the cell membrane considered to be a bilipid layer. Answer: it is made of two layers
of phospholipids
⁕ semipermeable or selectively permeable membrane. Answer: will let certain things across
but not all things
⁕ What will not go across the cell membrane. Answer: large molecules such as proteins do
not move through the membrane on their own
⁕ what are the cell membrane components. Answer: - phospholipids (peripheral and integral)
proteins
- cholesterol
- carbohydrates (glucose)
⁕ characteristics of simple diffusion. Answer: - requires no energy (ATP)
- molecules move from area ***HIGH TO LOW*** concentration
⁕ osmosis. Answer: diffusion of water across a membrane
⁕ What is classified as passive transport. Answer: simple diffusion and facilitated diffusion
⁕ does simple and facilitated diffusion require energy?. Answer: no
EVALUATION 2026 CORRECT ANSWERS
GRADED A+
⁕ Data. Answer: info gathered from observations
⁕ What must a hypothesis be?. Answer: Testable
⁕ monomers. Answer: basic unit of macromolecules
⁕ polymers. Answer: a large molecule formed by attaching many molecules together
⁕ what are monosaccharides. Answer: has one monomer; carbohydrate
⁕ denatured. Answer: to become inactive; refers to a protein
⁕ substrate. Answer: the reactants of an enzyme reaction
⁕ cell theory. Answer: 1. all living things are made of cells
2. basic unit of structure and function in living things
3. new cells are produced from existing cells
⁕ cell wall. Answer: surrounds cell membrane in plants; rigid
⁕ cell membrane. Answer: A cell structure that controls which substances can enter or leave
the cell.
⁕ nucleus. Answer: contains the cell's DNA
,⁕ ribosomes. Answer: involved in protein synthesis
⁕ chloroplast. Answer: Site of photosynthesis; contains chlorophyll
⁕ nucleus. Answer: A part of the cell containing DNA and RNA and responsible for growth
and reproduction
⁕ lysosomes. Answer: contains digestive enzymes
⁕ Golgi apparatus (Golgi complex, Golgi bodies). Answer: process and packages proteins and
other substances
⁕ flagella. Answer: whip like structure used for movement
⁕ nucleolus. Answer: makes ribosmal RNA
⁕ cilia. Answer: hairlike structures on the outer surface of the cell; used for movement
⁕ characteristics of viruses. Answer: 1. too small to be seen with a light microscope
2. capsid surrounds the genetic material
3. contain nucleic acids (DNA or RNA)
4. no nucleus
5. do not have membrane bound organelles
6. not a cell; not considered living
7. cannot reproduce by themselves
⁕ what two organelles are not in animal cells. Answer: cell wall and chloroplast
, ⁕ homeostasis. Answer: balanced internal condition of cells or maintain a relatively constant
internal environment even though the external environment is changing
⁕ describe the polar and non polar regions of the phospholipid layer. Answer: polar heads are
hydrophilic "water loving"
non polar tails are hydrophobic "water fearing"
⁕ why is the cell membrane considered to be a bilipid layer. Answer: it is made of two layers
of phospholipids
⁕ semipermeable or selectively permeable membrane. Answer: will let certain things across
but not all things
⁕ What will not go across the cell membrane. Answer: large molecules such as proteins do
not move through the membrane on their own
⁕ what are the cell membrane components. Answer: - phospholipids (peripheral and integral)
proteins
- cholesterol
- carbohydrates (glucose)
⁕ characteristics of simple diffusion. Answer: - requires no energy (ATP)
- molecules move from area ***HIGH TO LOW*** concentration
⁕ osmosis. Answer: diffusion of water across a membrane
⁕ What is classified as passive transport. Answer: simple diffusion and facilitated diffusion
⁕ does simple and facilitated diffusion require energy?. Answer: no
