Comprehensive High-Yield Pharmacology Study Guide for NUR 210: Mechanisms of Action, Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics, Therapeutic Uses, Nursing Interventions, Patient Teaching, Side Effects, and Adverse Reactions for Common Medications Across Pain M

Comprehensive High-Yield Pharmacology Study Guide for NUR 210: Mechanisms of Action, Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics, Therapeutic Uses, Nursing Interventions, Patient Teaching, Side Effects, and Adverse Reactions for Common Medications Across Pain Management, CNS Stimulants, Antidepressants, Mood Stabilizers, Antipsychotics, Antiseizure Agents, and Gout Therapy Exam Questions Verified and Provided with Complete A+ Graded Rationales Latest Updated 2026 What is Pharmacokinetics what the body does to the drug What is Pharmacodynamics what the drug does to the body What phase is Pharmacokinetics Absorption phase Where does absorption of a drug take place Small intestine What affects absorption time -Pill type -stomach contents -blood circulation -pain, stress, anxiety -route of administration Contraindicators for medications Grapefruit juice and antacids what is disintegration breakdown of oral drug into smaller particles What is dissolution Process of combining small drug particles with liquid to form a solution What is drug absorption Drug movement from GI tract into bloodstream happens in small intestine What is bioavailability What is left of drug after swallowing. PO meds will never have 100% bioavailability Factors affecting Bioavailability -Absorption -first pass metabolism -Drug form -route of admin -gastric mucous % motility -changes in liver metabolism -Administration w/ food and other drugs What is first pass effect drugs absorbed from the GI tract enter the portal vein and pass through the liver before entering circulation. PO meds only Characteristics of ADHD Inattentiveness, inability to concentrate, restlessness, hyperactivity, inability to complete tasks, impulsivity Characteristics of narcolepsy recurrent attacks of drowsiness and sleep during daytime unable to control sleep falling asleep while driving, talking, eating, standing Where does drug metablosim occur In the the liver What is drug metabolism process of body chemically changing drug into a form to be excreted What is the half-life of a drug? the time it takes for the drug in body to be reduced by half What is a loading dose Large initial dose of medication followed by small maintence dose Where does drug excretion occur? kidneys Ways drug excretion takes place Kidneys, liver (bile), feces, lungs, saliva What is the primary effect of a drug Why you're taking the drug (desirable response) What is the secondary effect of a drug Side effects (can be desirable or undesirable) What is the therapeutic index? ratio of toxic dose to therapeutic dose What is ED50? effective dose for 50% of the population What is TD50? toxic dose in 50% of the population What is the peak level of a drug? highest blood level of a drug What is the trough drug level? lowest blood level of a drug What is the onset of a drug The amount of time it takes a drug to begin working. When do you draw a peak for PO meds 2-3 hours after taking When do you draw peak for IV meds 30-60 meds What is polypharmacy? use of multiple medications (more than 5) S/S of infection fever, chills, redness, swelling, fatigue, increased WBC, pus, sweats Purpose of COX-1 Protects stomach lining and regulates blood platelets purpose of COX-2 Triggers