NURS 309 - Final Exam Non-Drug Review UPDATED ACTUAL
Questions and CORRECT Answers
assessment component of the nursing process: obtaining a list of medications that the patient
takes
diagnosis component of the nursing process: formulating a human needs statement based
on objective and subjective data and help to drive the nursing care plan
planning component of the nursing process: identifying patient goals and outcome criteria
implementation component of the nursing process: administering an ordered medication
evaluation component of the nursing process: monitoring blood pressure after administering
a blood pressure medication
independent nursing action: can decide to do these without an MDs order (compresses, inc.
vital signs)
dependent nursing action: must have an MD order to perform (meds, start an IV, labs)
interdependent nursing action: collaborative; requires discussion and/or help of other disciplines;
work together with others (diet, PT)
pharmaceutics how various drug forms influence the way in which the drug affects the body
pharmacokinetics what the body does to the drug (ADME)
absorption the movement of a drug from its site of administration into the bloodstream
bioavailablity the term used to express the extent of drug absorption
first-pass effect the initial metabolism in the liver of a drug absorbed from the gastrointestinal
tract before the drug reaches systemic circulation through the bloodstream
distribution the transport of a drug by the bloodstream to its site of action
protein binding must occur in order for distribution to occur
protein-bound ____________________________________________ molecules remain in the circulation (no distribution)
albumin inactivates the drugs that it binds to
protein-bound molecules ___________________________________ molecules remain in the circulation (no distribution)
, unbound, free drug molecules _______________________________ molecules are active (get distributed)
low if albumin is ___ , there would be more bioavailabilty, resulting in an overdose and
higher risk of adverse effects
metabolism involves the biochemical alteration of a drug into an inactive metabolite, a more
soluble compound, a more potent active metabolite, or a less active metabolite
prodrug a drug that is not active until it is metabolized
grapefruit juice ____________________________________________ juice decreases the metabolism of a drug
excretion the elimination of drugs from the body
half-life the time required for 50% of a drug to be eliminated from the body
steady state when the amount of a drug removed via elimination is equal to the amount of
drug absorbed with each dose
loading dose doses may be accelerated by a ____ taking a high dose at the beginning of a
medication series in order to reach the steady state quicker
clearance the rate at which drug molecules disappear from the circulation
peak level the highest blood level of a drug
trough level the lowest blood level of a drug after a defined time period
toxicity occurs if the peak blood level of the drug is too high
peak and trough in therapeutic drug monitoring, _____ values are measured to verify adequate drug
exposure, maximize therapeutic effects, and minimize drug toxicity
cranberry juice ____________________________________________ juice decreases the excretion of a drug
pharmacodynamics what the drug does to the body
pharmacotherapeutics the clinical use of drugs to prevent and treat diseases
acute therapy type of therapy: involves more intensive drug treatment that is needed to sustain
life or treat disease in the acutely or critically ill
maintenance therapy type of therapy: does not eradicate pre existing problems the patient may have,
but will prevent progression of a disease or condition
supplemental (replacement) therapy type of therapy: supplies the body with a substance needed to maintain normal
function; may be needed because it cannot be made by the body or because it is
produced in an insufficient quantity
Questions and CORRECT Answers
assessment component of the nursing process: obtaining a list of medications that the patient
takes
diagnosis component of the nursing process: formulating a human needs statement based
on objective and subjective data and help to drive the nursing care plan
planning component of the nursing process: identifying patient goals and outcome criteria
implementation component of the nursing process: administering an ordered medication
evaluation component of the nursing process: monitoring blood pressure after administering
a blood pressure medication
independent nursing action: can decide to do these without an MDs order (compresses, inc.
vital signs)
dependent nursing action: must have an MD order to perform (meds, start an IV, labs)
interdependent nursing action: collaborative; requires discussion and/or help of other disciplines;
work together with others (diet, PT)
pharmaceutics how various drug forms influence the way in which the drug affects the body
pharmacokinetics what the body does to the drug (ADME)
absorption the movement of a drug from its site of administration into the bloodstream
bioavailablity the term used to express the extent of drug absorption
first-pass effect the initial metabolism in the liver of a drug absorbed from the gastrointestinal
tract before the drug reaches systemic circulation through the bloodstream
distribution the transport of a drug by the bloodstream to its site of action
protein binding must occur in order for distribution to occur
protein-bound ____________________________________________ molecules remain in the circulation (no distribution)
albumin inactivates the drugs that it binds to
protein-bound molecules ___________________________________ molecules remain in the circulation (no distribution)
, unbound, free drug molecules _______________________________ molecules are active (get distributed)
low if albumin is ___ , there would be more bioavailabilty, resulting in an overdose and
higher risk of adverse effects
metabolism involves the biochemical alteration of a drug into an inactive metabolite, a more
soluble compound, a more potent active metabolite, or a less active metabolite
prodrug a drug that is not active until it is metabolized
grapefruit juice ____________________________________________ juice decreases the metabolism of a drug
excretion the elimination of drugs from the body
half-life the time required for 50% of a drug to be eliminated from the body
steady state when the amount of a drug removed via elimination is equal to the amount of
drug absorbed with each dose
loading dose doses may be accelerated by a ____ taking a high dose at the beginning of a
medication series in order to reach the steady state quicker
clearance the rate at which drug molecules disappear from the circulation
peak level the highest blood level of a drug
trough level the lowest blood level of a drug after a defined time period
toxicity occurs if the peak blood level of the drug is too high
peak and trough in therapeutic drug monitoring, _____ values are measured to verify adequate drug
exposure, maximize therapeutic effects, and minimize drug toxicity
cranberry juice ____________________________________________ juice decreases the excretion of a drug
pharmacodynamics what the drug does to the body
pharmacotherapeutics the clinical use of drugs to prevent and treat diseases
acute therapy type of therapy: involves more intensive drug treatment that is needed to sustain
life or treat disease in the acutely or critically ill
maintenance therapy type of therapy: does not eradicate pre existing problems the patient may have,
but will prevent progression of a disease or condition
supplemental (replacement) therapy type of therapy: supplies the body with a substance needed to maintain normal
function; may be needed because it cannot be made by the body or because it is
produced in an insufficient quantity
