Sprains & strains -immediate tx (RICE)
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(a) RICE: Rest, Ice, Compression, Elevation
(b) ICES: Ice, Compression, Elevation, Support
(2) Rest the injured part
(3) Ice immediately (maximum 30 mins @ a time)
(4) Wet elastic bandage for compression
(5) Elevation of the extremity
(6) Immobilization & support (casts or splints)
Gastroesophageal reflux (GER) - what is this?
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, a) Defined as transfer of gastric contents into the esophagus
b) Occurs throughout the day, most frequently after meals & @ night
c) Usually resolves spontaneously by 1 yr of age
d) Diagnosed by history & physical examination, upper GI & pH probe test
prn
Know effective approaches for performing a physical exam on a young child
Give this one a try later!
• The sequence for pediatric assessment is generally altered from the
typical head-to-toe assessment of adults, to accommodate the child's
developmental needs
• Perform traumatic procedures last!
• For young children, use minimal physical contact initially
• Use communication techniques, play, & parental assistance to complete
the examination
Endocarditis: clinical manifestations
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• Gradual onset
• Unexplained low-grade, intermittent fever
• Anorexia, malaise, weight loss
• Splinter hemorrhages on finger nails
• Osler nodes: red, painful, pea-sized intradermal nodes found on pads of
the fingers or toes
• Janeway lesions: painless hemorrhagic areas on palms & soles
• Petechiae on oral mucous membranes
,Hydralazine (Apresoline)
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• Antihypertensive medication
• Vasodilator that increases cardiac output & blood flow to
the placenta
Circumcision care to teach Parents
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a) Observe for bleeding, fasten diaper loosely to prevent rubbing or
pressure on the incision site
b) Apply petroleum jelly each diaper change for 4 to 7 days
c) Keep site clean and report signs of infection to physician
d) Expect a yellow crust or scab to form over circumcision site - this is
normal & should not be removed!
Chadwick's sign & Goodell's sign... What are these?
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, Chadwick's sign: bluish‐purple color of the cervix that
extends to include the vagina & the labia; 1 of the earliest
signs of pregnancy
Goodell's sign: softening of the cervix
Linea nigra, striae gravidarum, melasma... What are these?
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Striae gravidarum: "stretch marks"
Linea nigra: dark line of pigmentation from the umbilicus
extending to the pubic area - typically disappears after
birth
Melasma: aka chloasma; *"mask of pregnancy" brownish
patches on the face - typically disappears after birth
Potential complications of fractures in the epiphyseal plate
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May affect future bone growth such as one arm being longer than the
other or growing in a deformed manner
Sickle cell anemia: tx during a vasoocclusive crisis
Give this one a try later!
Give this one a try later!
(a) RICE: Rest, Ice, Compression, Elevation
(b) ICES: Ice, Compression, Elevation, Support
(2) Rest the injured part
(3) Ice immediately (maximum 30 mins @ a time)
(4) Wet elastic bandage for compression
(5) Elevation of the extremity
(6) Immobilization & support (casts or splints)
Gastroesophageal reflux (GER) - what is this?
Give this one a try later!
, a) Defined as transfer of gastric contents into the esophagus
b) Occurs throughout the day, most frequently after meals & @ night
c) Usually resolves spontaneously by 1 yr of age
d) Diagnosed by history & physical examination, upper GI & pH probe test
prn
Know effective approaches for performing a physical exam on a young child
Give this one a try later!
• The sequence for pediatric assessment is generally altered from the
typical head-to-toe assessment of adults, to accommodate the child's
developmental needs
• Perform traumatic procedures last!
• For young children, use minimal physical contact initially
• Use communication techniques, play, & parental assistance to complete
the examination
Endocarditis: clinical manifestations
Give this one a try later!
• Gradual onset
• Unexplained low-grade, intermittent fever
• Anorexia, malaise, weight loss
• Splinter hemorrhages on finger nails
• Osler nodes: red, painful, pea-sized intradermal nodes found on pads of
the fingers or toes
• Janeway lesions: painless hemorrhagic areas on palms & soles
• Petechiae on oral mucous membranes
,Hydralazine (Apresoline)
Give this one a try later!
• Antihypertensive medication
• Vasodilator that increases cardiac output & blood flow to
the placenta
Circumcision care to teach Parents
Give this one a try later!
a) Observe for bleeding, fasten diaper loosely to prevent rubbing or
pressure on the incision site
b) Apply petroleum jelly each diaper change for 4 to 7 days
c) Keep site clean and report signs of infection to physician
d) Expect a yellow crust or scab to form over circumcision site - this is
normal & should not be removed!
Chadwick's sign & Goodell's sign... What are these?
Give this one a try later!
, Chadwick's sign: bluish‐purple color of the cervix that
extends to include the vagina & the labia; 1 of the earliest
signs of pregnancy
Goodell's sign: softening of the cervix
Linea nigra, striae gravidarum, melasma... What are these?
Give this one a try later!
Striae gravidarum: "stretch marks"
Linea nigra: dark line of pigmentation from the umbilicus
extending to the pubic area - typically disappears after
birth
Melasma: aka chloasma; *"mask of pregnancy" brownish
patches on the face - typically disappears after birth
Potential complications of fractures in the epiphyseal plate
Give this one a try later!
May affect future bone growth such as one arm being longer than the
other or growing in a deformed manner
Sickle cell anemia: tx during a vasoocclusive crisis
Give this one a try later!
