PSYCH 253 Exam Questions With Complete Solutions
acceptance Correct Answers conformity that involves both
acting and believing in accord with social pressure
aggression Correct Answers physical or verbal behavior
intended to hurt someone
Allport Correct Answers believed that effects of victimization
were reducible to two basic types: those that involve
1. blaming yourself
2. blaming external causes
altruism Correct Answers a motive to increase another's welfare
without conscious regard for one's self-interests
ambivalent attachment Correct Answers Pattern in which an
infant becomes anxious before the primary caregiver leaves, is
extremely upset during his or her absence, and both seeks and
resists contact on his or her return.
Anderson, Lepper, and Ross (1980) Correct Answers -
convinced people that either risk-prone or cautious people make
better firefighters
- those who wrote an explanation for the findings were prone to
belief perseverance
- belief perseverance = persistence of one's initial conceptions
,anticipatory liking Correct Answers expecting someone will be
pleasant and compatible
increases chances of a rewarding relationship
Asch Experiment Correct Answers peer pressure: length of
lines; responses varied with responses of group
attitude alignment Correct Answers dating partners gradually
modify their attitudes in ways that make them more similar
automatic processing Correct Answers "implicit" thinking that
is effortless, habitual, and without awareness; roughly
corresponds to "intuition"
availability heuristic Correct Answers the more easily we can
recall something, the more likely it seems
avoidant attachment Correct Answers infants who seem
unresponsive to the parent when they are present, are usually not
distressed when she leaves, and avoid the parent when they
return
belief perseverance Correct Answers persistence of one's initial
conceptions, such as when the basis for one's belief is
discredited but an explanation of why the belief might be true
survives
Biasing influences on studies Correct Answers -
Unrepresentative populations
- Order of the questions
, - Response bias and social desirability
- Wording of the question
bystander effect Correct Answers the finding that a person is
less likely to provide help when there are other bystanders
Catharsis Correct Answers emotional release. hypothesis that
"releasing" aggressive energy (through action or fantasy)
relieves aggressive urges.
co-actors Correct Answers co-participants working individually
on a noncompetitive activity
cognitive dissonance Correct Answers an unpleasant state that
arises when a person recognizes the inconsistency of his or her
actions, attitudes, or beliefs
self-justification
Cohesiveness Correct Answers the degree to which group
members are bonded to each other, such as by attraction for one
another
collectivism Correct Answers giving priority to the goals of
one's groups (often one's extended family or work group) and
defining one's identity accordingly
compliance Correct Answers conformity that involves publicly
acting in accord with an implied or explicit request while
privately disagreeing
acceptance Correct Answers conformity that involves both
acting and believing in accord with social pressure
aggression Correct Answers physical or verbal behavior
intended to hurt someone
Allport Correct Answers believed that effects of victimization
were reducible to two basic types: those that involve
1. blaming yourself
2. blaming external causes
altruism Correct Answers a motive to increase another's welfare
without conscious regard for one's self-interests
ambivalent attachment Correct Answers Pattern in which an
infant becomes anxious before the primary caregiver leaves, is
extremely upset during his or her absence, and both seeks and
resists contact on his or her return.
Anderson, Lepper, and Ross (1980) Correct Answers -
convinced people that either risk-prone or cautious people make
better firefighters
- those who wrote an explanation for the findings were prone to
belief perseverance
- belief perseverance = persistence of one's initial conceptions
,anticipatory liking Correct Answers expecting someone will be
pleasant and compatible
increases chances of a rewarding relationship
Asch Experiment Correct Answers peer pressure: length of
lines; responses varied with responses of group
attitude alignment Correct Answers dating partners gradually
modify their attitudes in ways that make them more similar
automatic processing Correct Answers "implicit" thinking that
is effortless, habitual, and without awareness; roughly
corresponds to "intuition"
availability heuristic Correct Answers the more easily we can
recall something, the more likely it seems
avoidant attachment Correct Answers infants who seem
unresponsive to the parent when they are present, are usually not
distressed when she leaves, and avoid the parent when they
return
belief perseverance Correct Answers persistence of one's initial
conceptions, such as when the basis for one's belief is
discredited but an explanation of why the belief might be true
survives
Biasing influences on studies Correct Answers -
Unrepresentative populations
- Order of the questions
, - Response bias and social desirability
- Wording of the question
bystander effect Correct Answers the finding that a person is
less likely to provide help when there are other bystanders
Catharsis Correct Answers emotional release. hypothesis that
"releasing" aggressive energy (through action or fantasy)
relieves aggressive urges.
co-actors Correct Answers co-participants working individually
on a noncompetitive activity
cognitive dissonance Correct Answers an unpleasant state that
arises when a person recognizes the inconsistency of his or her
actions, attitudes, or beliefs
self-justification
Cohesiveness Correct Answers the degree to which group
members are bonded to each other, such as by attraction for one
another
collectivism Correct Answers giving priority to the goals of
one's groups (often one's extended family or work group) and
defining one's identity accordingly
compliance Correct Answers conformity that involves publicly
acting in accord with an implied or explicit request while
privately disagreeing
