NMNC 3110 EXAM 3 QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS LATEST UPDATE 2026

NMNC 3110 EXAM 3 QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS LATEST UPDATE 2026 Healthcare Law - Answers Legislation and regulation pertaining to delivery of health care and nursing practice. Scope of Healthcare Law - Answers Created at local, state, and federal level. Laws have a direct impact on quality of healthcare delivery. Categories of Healthcare Laws - Answers -Constitution (Federal and State) -Legislation (Legislative) -Administrative Law and Regulations (Executive) -Litigation (Judicial Branch) Constitutional (Federal and State) Laws - Answers Establish governments and delineate rights and obligations of government and individuals. Federal Constitution restrains government more than it confers individual rights. Bill of Rights specifically guaranteer several important rights. Legislation (Legislative) Laws - Answers The creation of law through the federal or state legislatures. Legislative Laws are also know as? - Answers Statutory Laws Administrative Law and Regulations (Executive) - Answers Specific rules that promote and enforce legislative policy. Regulatory agencies are given the authority to create and enforce specific laws. Ex: Nurse Practice Act creates the BON Litigation (Judicial Branch) - Answers The process of filing a lawsuit and seeking the help of the courts to redress a perceived wrong. Litigation creates what kinds of laws? - Answers Case Laws Examples of Case Laws - Answers -Right to Die (Karen Ann Quinlan, 1977) -Abortion Rights (Roe v Wade) Federal Laws - Answers -US Constitution -Social Security Act -EMTALA -ADA -Patient-Self Determination Act -HIPAA -ACA Social Security Act - Answers Gives the government a little power to regulate healthcare. EMTALA - Answers Emergency Medical Treatment and Active Labor Act Cannot assess wallet first, triage and stabilize the patient FIRST. ADA - Answers Americans with Disabilities Act Ramps, elevators, brail. Think accessibility. Patient-Self Determination Act - Answers Required to ask for Advanced Directives or if they want one in place. HIPAA - Answers Health Insurance Privacy and Portability Act. Provides the patient with privacy. ACA - Answers Affordable Care Act, Obama Care Allows for easily accessible healthcare, improves affordability and medical records. State Laws - Answers -Nurse Practice Act -Licensing -Public Health and Disease Prevention -Good Samaritan Law -Consent -Advance Directives Nurse Practice Act - Answers Creates the Board of Nursing, outlines nursing scope of practice and types of titles a licenses. Also outlines education program standards. Licensing - Answers of the providers and facilities, outlines scope of practice. Public Health and Disease Prevention - Answers Department of Health (DOH). Surveils diseases and manages disaster preparedness. Good Samaritan Law - Answers Protect healthcare workers when they help in an emergency if it is within their scope of practice. GSL is in effect outside of the healthcare setting. Consent - Answers Right to make decisions about their bodies, ensures privacy and protection from others, informed consent. Informed Consent - Answers Patient education is key. Patient has the right to ask questions and refuse the treatment/procedure. The patient must be competent and have capacity to make a decision. Advanced Directives - Answers Refers primarily to DNR/DNI Require to ask and obtain from each patient. Also allows for the right to refuse treatment and the right to appoint someone to make decisions for them if they are deemed incompetent. Tort Law - Answers -Negligence -Malpractice Negligence - Answers Conduct that falls below the standard of care. This can include acts of Omission and Commission. You can be held liable for not meeting appropriate standards of care. Malpractice - Answers There is required criteria for something the be considered malpractice. -Owed the patient a duty/standard of care. -Breached the duty/standard to provide adequate care. -Caused injury to the patient (causation) -Caused and injury that resulted in damages Ways to Protect Yourself - Answers -know your policies -Safe Harbor -Professional liability insurance Areas of Risk for Nurses - Answers -Assault/Battery -False Imprisonment -Fraud Ethics - Answers The study or examination of morality through a variety of different approaches. Morality - Answers An accepted set of social standards (or morals) that guides behavior. Categories of Ethics - Answers -Societal -Organizational -Bioethics/Clinical -Professional -Personal Societal Ethics - Answers Behavior commonly accepted/practiced within a group. Basis of acceptable vs. unacceptable behavior. Can be influenced by laws and regulations. Organizational Ethics - Answers Guides actions within an organization. There may be formal and informal values. Directs all aspects of an organizations actions, behaviors and decisions. Bioethics - Answers Involved in biological sciences and technology. Clinical Ethics - Answers Involved in patient care decision in action (at the bedside). Research Ethics - Answers Ethics as it applies to research (on humans and animals). Professional Ethics - Answers Standards and expectations of a particular profession; nurses are held to a higher standard. Personal Ethics - Answers -Major overlap with other categories -This is usually where conflict can arise. -Not permanent, can change overtime. -Must be able to separate your own biases and beliefs. Ethical Principles - Answers -Autonomy -Beneficence -Nonmaleficence -Justice -Fidelity -Veracity Autonomy - Answers Right to self-determination, help make patients make their own decisions about their care. Think "Bodily Autonomy" Beneficence - Answers Do what is best for your patient. Act in their best interest, promote welfare. Nonmaleficence - Answers Avoid causing any harm to patients and anyone else as much as possible. "Do Not Harn". Justice - Answers To treat people equally, fairly, and appropriately. Offer everyone the same treatment and care regardless of barriers. Fidelity - Answers Keep promises, fulfill expectations, perform your duties, and be trustworthy. Veracity - Answers Truthfulness, to be truthful. Theoretical Approaches - Answers -Ethics of Duty (Deontology) -Ethics of Consequences -Utilitarianism -Ethics of Character: Virtue Ethics -Ethics of Relationship Ethics of Duty - Answers Doing what is right, acting on moral duty because it is the right thing to do; consequences are secondary considerations. Example: Reporting a fellow RN for abusing Narcotics because it is one's duty/obligation to do so. Ethics of Consequences - Answers Outcomes of the action. Utilitarianism - Answers The greatest good for the greatest number of people. Ethics of Character: Virtue Ethics - Answers Based in the character of the individual (life experiences, upbringing, religion) and their willingness to reflect on their actions. Ethics of Relationship - Answers A focus on the ethics which stem from relationships with other and within a community. Ethical Issues in Nursing - Answers -Protecting patients' rights and human dignity. -Respecting or not respecting informed consent treatment. -Providing care with risk to the health of the nurse. -Using or not using chemical or physical restraints. -Staffing patterns that limit care (understaffing). -Prolonging the living/dying process with inappropriate measures. -Not considering the quality of the patient's life. -Policies that could threaten the quality of care. -Working with unethical or impaired colleagues. Negative Effects on Ethics - Answers -Moral Distress -Reactive Distress or Moral Residue -Ethical Dilemmas -Moral Resilience Moral Distress - Answers Disconnect between what they thing they should do and what they can do. Being forced to act contrary to personal beliefs. Reactive Distress or Moral Residue - Answers Emotions that remain after experiencing moral distress. -Objecting to what is required -Withdraw from situation -A passive participant -Burns out, resignation Ethical Dilemmas - Answers Conflict between values and available choices. In order to do something right, you have to do something wrong. Moral Resilliance - Answers The ability to cope and restore integrity, such as self-care, exercise, diet, sleep, talking about it, church, etc. Leadership - Answers Interactive process between leaders and followers that moves individuals, groups, and organizations toward a goal/ Types of Leaders - Answers Formal and informal Formal Leader - Answers Administrative or management positions are considered this kind of leadership. Informal Leader - Answers Those who do NOT hold an administrative or management position but are seen as leaders by their peers. Leadership Styles - Answers -Autocratic -Democratic -Laissez-faire -Transactional -Transformational -Shared Autocratic Leadership - Answers "Authoritative," makes all the decisions. Assigns tasks to each member, limited interaction with followers. Democratic Leadership - Answers Involve staff in decision-making, high interaction with followers. Laissez-Faire Leadership - Answers Do not interfere with employee's work, limited interaction with followers. Transactional Leadership - Answers Reward based on performance. Transformational Leadership - Answers Inspire and intellectually stimulate; give motivational speeches. High interaction with followers. Shared Leadership - Answers Member of the team share leadership responsibilities. Attributes of a Leader - Answers -Followers -Vision -Power -Communication -Decision-making -Change management Followers - Answers Anyone who voluntarily enters into a relationship with a leader. Vision - Answers Ideological statement of the desired long-term future for an organization. Leadership is meant to guide and direct followers to achieve the organizational vision. Power - Answers The ability to influence others or to affect some situation. Communication - Answers Central to maintaining the leader-follower relationship. The single most important leadership skill because it is the foundation for all other attributes of leadership. Decision-Making - Answers Varies depending on leadership style. Change Management - Answers Leaders guide the change process by working with their followers to move toward the established vision and goals. A key part of the process. Delegation - Answers Authorizing someone to perform a selected task in a selected situation, while retaining accountability for results. When is it Safe to Delegate? - Answers -the patient is stable