UPDATED 2026 QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS
COMBINED BUNDLED EXAMS FOR
BIO 3030 FINAL EXAM AND BIO GENETICS 3030
EXAM 2026/2027
1. As in bacteria, eukaryotic dna has - answer-sites called promoters where rna polymerase
binds to initiate transcription
2. Studies support the idea that - answer-chromatin must be relaxed or decondensed for rna
polymerase to bind to the promoter
3. Dnase is an enzyme that - answer-cuts dna at random locations
4. Dnase cannot cut dna when - answer-it is tightly complexed with histones
5. The default state of eukaryotic genes is - answer-to be turned off, this mechanism is a
negative control
6. A form of positive control must be at work to - answer-open up dna at promoter regions
and for gene expression to occur
7. Two major types of proteins are involved in modifying chromatin structure - answer-atp-
dependent chromatin-remodeling complexes and other enzymes catalyze, the acetylation and
methylation of histones
8. Chromatin-remodeling complexes - answer-reshape chromatin
9. Acetylation of histones is usually associated with - answer-activation of genes
10. The regulation of gene expression is more complex in - answer-eukaryotes than in
prokaryotes
11. Differential gene expression - answer-responsible for creating different cell types,
arranging them into tissues, coordinating their activity, and forms the multicellular society
we call an individual
, 12. Like prokaryotes, eukaryotes can control gene expression at the levels of - answer-
transcription, translation, and post-translation
13. Three additional levels of control are unique to eukaryotes - answer-chromatin reading,
rna processing, and regulation of mrna lifespan or stability
14. In eukaryotes, dna is wrapped around proteins to create a - answer-protein-dna complex
called chromatin
15. Rna polymerase cannot access the dna when it is - answer-supercoiled within the nucleus
16. Chromatin remodeling - answer-when dna near the promoter is released from tight
interactions with proteins and it occurs before transcription begins
17. Transcription results in primary rna transcript - answer-it must undergo rna processing to
produce a mature mrna
18. Mrna stability - answer-the life span of the mrna and can be used to control gene
expression
19. Chromatin has a regular structure with - answer-several layers of organization
20. Chromatin contains - answer-nucleosomes
21. Nucleosomes - answer-repeating, beadlike structures
22. Nucleosomes consist of - answer-negatively charged dna wrapped twice around eight
positively charged histone proteins
23. Histone proteins - answer-called 1 functions to maintain the structure of each
nucleosome
24. Between each pair of nucleosomes, there is a - answer-"linker" stretch of dna
25. H1 histones also may interact with each other and with histones in other nucleosomes to
form - answer-a tightly packed structure called a 30-nanometer fiber
26. These 30-nanometer fibers in turn may form - answer-higher-order structures
COMBINED BUNDLED EXAMS FOR
BIO 3030 FINAL EXAM AND BIO GENETICS 3030
EXAM 2026/2027
1. As in bacteria, eukaryotic dna has - answer-sites called promoters where rna polymerase
binds to initiate transcription
2. Studies support the idea that - answer-chromatin must be relaxed or decondensed for rna
polymerase to bind to the promoter
3. Dnase is an enzyme that - answer-cuts dna at random locations
4. Dnase cannot cut dna when - answer-it is tightly complexed with histones
5. The default state of eukaryotic genes is - answer-to be turned off, this mechanism is a
negative control
6. A form of positive control must be at work to - answer-open up dna at promoter regions
and for gene expression to occur
7. Two major types of proteins are involved in modifying chromatin structure - answer-atp-
dependent chromatin-remodeling complexes and other enzymes catalyze, the acetylation and
methylation of histones
8. Chromatin-remodeling complexes - answer-reshape chromatin
9. Acetylation of histones is usually associated with - answer-activation of genes
10. The regulation of gene expression is more complex in - answer-eukaryotes than in
prokaryotes
11. Differential gene expression - answer-responsible for creating different cell types,
arranging them into tissues, coordinating their activity, and forms the multicellular society
we call an individual
, 12. Like prokaryotes, eukaryotes can control gene expression at the levels of - answer-
transcription, translation, and post-translation
13. Three additional levels of control are unique to eukaryotes - answer-chromatin reading,
rna processing, and regulation of mrna lifespan or stability
14. In eukaryotes, dna is wrapped around proteins to create a - answer-protein-dna complex
called chromatin
15. Rna polymerase cannot access the dna when it is - answer-supercoiled within the nucleus
16. Chromatin remodeling - answer-when dna near the promoter is released from tight
interactions with proteins and it occurs before transcription begins
17. Transcription results in primary rna transcript - answer-it must undergo rna processing to
produce a mature mrna
18. Mrna stability - answer-the life span of the mrna and can be used to control gene
expression
19. Chromatin has a regular structure with - answer-several layers of organization
20. Chromatin contains - answer-nucleosomes
21. Nucleosomes - answer-repeating, beadlike structures
22. Nucleosomes consist of - answer-negatively charged dna wrapped twice around eight
positively charged histone proteins
23. Histone proteins - answer-called 1 functions to maintain the structure of each
nucleosome
24. Between each pair of nucleosomes, there is a - answer-"linker" stretch of dna
25. H1 histones also may interact with each other and with histones in other nucleosomes to
form - answer-a tightly packed structure called a 30-nanometer fiber
26. These 30-nanometer fibers in turn may form - answer-higher-order structures
