BIOD 331 | NURS 231 Pathophysiology
FINAL EXAM
Actual Questions and Verified Answers
100% Guarantee Pass
Portage Learning, Geneva College
Inside you will get:
Updated Final Exam
True & False Questions
Multiple Choice Questions and Answers
Expert-Verified Explanations
,### 1. (True/False) – Make true if False
Cell prolifera on is the process in which prolifera ng cells become more
specialized cell types.
Correct Answer: False; the process described is cell differen a on.
Verified Explana on: Cell prolifera on involves increasing cell number through
mitosis. Cell differen a on refers to the process by which cells become
structurally and func onally specialized.
---
### 2. (True/False) – Make true if False
Cell differen a on is the process of increasing cell numbers by mito c cell
division.
Correct Answer: False; the process described is cell prolifera on.
Verified Explana on: Differen a on is the process wherein cells become
specialized; prolifera on pertains specifically to cell division and the augmenta on
of cell numbers.
---
### 3. (Short answer) What are two important proper es that stem cells
possess?
Correct Answer: Potency and self-renewal.
,Verified Explana on: Potency refers to the stem cell's ability to differen ate into
various specialized cell types, while self-renewal is the property that allows the
stem cell popula on to be maintained through many cycles of cell division.
### 4. (True/False) Metaplas c cells are not be2er prepared to survive under
stressful circumstances.
Correct Answer: False
Verified Explana on: Metaplas c cells arise through the process of metaplasia,
whereby one differen ated cell type is replaced by another cell type be%er suited
for survival under adverse condi ons. This adapta on increases the survival
capacity of ssues exposed to chronic stressors or irritants, such as in the
replacement of ciliated columnar cells in the airways with squamous epithelium in
smokers.
---
### 5. (True/False) Hypertrophy can occur under normal and pathological
condi ons.
Correct Answer: True
Verified Explana on: Hypertrophy describes the increase in cell size, which
contributes to organ enlargement. This process can occur in response to
, physiological s muli, such as increased workload in muscle a+er exercise, or
pathological s muli, such as cardiac hypertrophy secondary to hypertension.
---
### 6. Which are true of the mitochondria? (select all that apply)
- It is involved in cellular respira on
- They play a role in apoptosis
Correct Answer: Both statements are correct.
Verified Explana on: Mitochondria are crucial organelles responsible for ATP
produc on through aerobic respira on (cellular respira on). Addi onally, they
par cipate in the intrinsic pathway of apoptosis by releasing cytochrome c and
other pro-apopto c factors into the cytoplasm.
---
### 7. (Mul ple choice) Which is NOT true of the cytoskeleton?
a) It helps maintain cell shape and structural integrity
b) It is essen al for intracellular transport and cellular movement
c) It is composed of microtubules, microfilaments, and intermediate filaments
d) It includes peroxisomes and proteasomes
Correct Answer: d) It includes peroxisomes and proteasomes
Verified Explana on:
FINAL EXAM
Actual Questions and Verified Answers
100% Guarantee Pass
Portage Learning, Geneva College
Inside you will get:
Updated Final Exam
True & False Questions
Multiple Choice Questions and Answers
Expert-Verified Explanations
,### 1. (True/False) – Make true if False
Cell prolifera on is the process in which prolifera ng cells become more
specialized cell types.
Correct Answer: False; the process described is cell differen a on.
Verified Explana on: Cell prolifera on involves increasing cell number through
mitosis. Cell differen a on refers to the process by which cells become
structurally and func onally specialized.
---
### 2. (True/False) – Make true if False
Cell differen a on is the process of increasing cell numbers by mito c cell
division.
Correct Answer: False; the process described is cell prolifera on.
Verified Explana on: Differen a on is the process wherein cells become
specialized; prolifera on pertains specifically to cell division and the augmenta on
of cell numbers.
---
### 3. (Short answer) What are two important proper es that stem cells
possess?
Correct Answer: Potency and self-renewal.
,Verified Explana on: Potency refers to the stem cell's ability to differen ate into
various specialized cell types, while self-renewal is the property that allows the
stem cell popula on to be maintained through many cycles of cell division.
### 4. (True/False) Metaplas c cells are not be2er prepared to survive under
stressful circumstances.
Correct Answer: False
Verified Explana on: Metaplas c cells arise through the process of metaplasia,
whereby one differen ated cell type is replaced by another cell type be%er suited
for survival under adverse condi ons. This adapta on increases the survival
capacity of ssues exposed to chronic stressors or irritants, such as in the
replacement of ciliated columnar cells in the airways with squamous epithelium in
smokers.
---
### 5. (True/False) Hypertrophy can occur under normal and pathological
condi ons.
Correct Answer: True
Verified Explana on: Hypertrophy describes the increase in cell size, which
contributes to organ enlargement. This process can occur in response to
, physiological s muli, such as increased workload in muscle a+er exercise, or
pathological s muli, such as cardiac hypertrophy secondary to hypertension.
---
### 6. Which are true of the mitochondria? (select all that apply)
- It is involved in cellular respira on
- They play a role in apoptosis
Correct Answer: Both statements are correct.
Verified Explana on: Mitochondria are crucial organelles responsible for ATP
produc on through aerobic respira on (cellular respira on). Addi onally, they
par cipate in the intrinsic pathway of apoptosis by releasing cytochrome c and
other pro-apopto c factors into the cytoplasm.
---
### 7. (Mul ple choice) Which is NOT true of the cytoskeleton?
a) It helps maintain cell shape and structural integrity
b) It is essen al for intracellular transport and cellular movement
c) It is composed of microtubules, microfilaments, and intermediate filaments
d) It includes peroxisomes and proteasomes
Correct Answer: d) It includes peroxisomes and proteasomes
Verified Explana on:
