NUR-631 Final Exam Study Guide — High-Yield Nursing Notes & Practice Questions

NUR-631 Final Exam Study Guide
vh vh vh vh




Removalvhofvhpartvhofvhthevhlivervhleadsvhtovhthevhremainingvhlivervhcellsvhunder
goingvhcompensatoryvh-vhcorrectvhanswer✔ ✔
Compensatoryvhhyperplasiavhisvhanvhadaptivevhmechanismvhthatvhenablesvhc
ertainvhorgansvhtovhregenerate.vhForvhexample,vhthevhremovalvhofvhpartvhofvhthev
hlivervhleadsvhtovhhyperplasiavhofvhthevhremainingvhlivervhcellsvh(hepatocytes)vh


tovhcompensatevhforvhthevhloss.


WhichvhofvhthevhfollowingvhstatementsvhbestvhdescribesvhRaynaudvhdisease?


a.vhAnvhinflammatoryvhdisordervhofvhsmallvhandvhmedium-
sizevharteriesvhinvhthevhfeetvhandvhsometimesvhinvhthevhhands
b.vhAvhneoplasticvhdisordervhofvhthevhliningvhofvhthevharteriesvhandvhveinsvhofvhth
evhuppervhextremities
c.vhAvhvasospasticvhdisordervhofvhthevhsmallvharteriesvhandvharteriolesvhofvhthevhf
ingers,vhandvhlessvhcommonly,vhthevhtoes
d.vhAnvhautoimmunevhdisordervhofvhthevhlargevharteriesvhandvhveinsvhofvhthevhup
pervhandvhlowervhextremitiesvh-vhcorrectvhanswer✔ ✔
c.vhAvhvasospasticvhdisordervhofvhthevhsmallvharteriesvhandvharteriolesvhofvhthe
vhfingers,vhandvhlessvhcommonly,vhthevhtoes




Avhpatientvhisvhdiagnosedvhwithvhpulmonaryvhdiseasevhandvhelevatedvhpulmon
aryvhvascularvhresistance.vhWhichvhofvhthevhfollowingvhheartvhfailuresvhmayvhr
esultvhfromvhthisvhcondition?

,a.vhRightvhheartvhfailure
b.vhLeftvhheartvhfailure
c.vhLow-outputvhfailure

d.vhHigh-outputvhfailurevh-vhcorrectvhanswer✔ ✔ a.vhRightvhheartvhfailure

Exp:vhRightvhheartvhfailurevhisvhdefinedvhasvhthevhinabilityvhofvhthevhrightvhventr
iclevhtovhprovidevhadequatevhbloodvhflowvhintovhthevhpulmonaryvhcirculationvha
tvhavhnormalvhcentralvhvenousvhpressure.vhItvhmostvhoftenvhresultsvhfromvhthevhle
ftvhheartvhfailurevhwhenvhthevhincreasevhinvhleftvhventricularvhfillingvhpressurevht
hatvhisvhreflectedvhbackvhintovhthevhpulmonaryvhcirculationvhisvhseverevhenough
.vhAsvhpressurevhinvhthevhpulmonaryvhcirculationvhrises,vhthevhresistancevhtovhrig
htvhventricularvhemptyingvhincreases.


Whatvhphysicalvhsignvhisvhthevhresultvhofvhturbulentvhbloodvhflowvhthroughvhavhv
essel?
a.vhIncreasedvhbloodvhpressurevhduringvhperiodsvhofvhstress
b.vhBoundingvhpulsevhfeltvhonvhpalpation
c.vhCyanosisvhobservedvhonvhexcretion

d.vhMurmurvhheardvhonvhauscultationvh-vhcorrectvhanswer✔ ✔
d.vhMurmurvhheardvhonvhauscultation
Exp:vhWherevhflowvhisvhobstructedvhthevhvesselvhturnsvhorvhbloodvhflowsvhovervh
roughvhsurfaces.vhThevhflowvhbecomesvhturbulentvhwithvhwhorlsvhorvheddyvhcu
rrentsvhthatvhproducevhnoisevhcausingvhavhmurmurvhtovhbevhheardvhonvhauscultat
ionvhsuchvhasvhoccursvhduringvhbloodvhpressurevhmeasurementvhwithvhavhsphyg
omanometer.vhThisvhselectionvhisvhthevhonlyvhoptionvhthatvhaccuratelyvhidentifi
esvhthevhphysicalvhsignvhofvhturbulentvhvascularvhbloodvhflow.vhpgvh1113

,Whichvhcongenitalvhheartvhdefectsvhoccurvhinvhtrisomyvh13,vhtrisomyvh18vhandv
hdownvhsyndrome?



a.vhCoarctationvhofvhthevhaortavhandvhpulmonaryvhstenosisvh
b.vhTetralogyvhofvhFallotvhandvhpersistentvhtruncusvharteriosus
c.vhAtrialvhseptalvhdefectvhandvhdextrocardia
d.vhVentricularvhseptalvhdefectvhandvhpatentvhductusvharteriosusvh-
vhcorrectvhanswer✔ ✔
d.vhVentricularvhseptalvhdefectvhandvhpatentvhductusvharteriosusvh
Exp:vhCongenitalvhheartvhdefectsvhthatvharevhrelatedvhtovhdysfunctionvhofvhtriso
myvh13,vhtrisomyvh18vhandvhdownvhsyndromevhincludevhVSDvhandvhPDAvhseevh
Tablevh33-
2vhThevhothervhdefectsvharevhnotvhassociatedvhwithvhdysfunctionvhofvhtrisomyvh1
3vhorvh17vhandvhdownvhsyndrome.vhpgvh1200


Anvhinfantvhhasvhavhcontinuousvhmachine/typevhmurmurvhbestvhheardvhatvhthevhl
eftvhuppervhsternalvhbordervhthroughoutvhsystolevhandvhdiastolevhasvhwellvhasvhav
hboundingvhpulsevhandvhavhthrillvhonvhpalpation.vhThesevhclinicalvhfindingsvhare


vhconsistentvhwithvhwhichvhcongenitalvhheartvhdefect?



a.vhAtrialvhseptalvhdefectvh
b.vhVentricularvhseptalvhdefect
c.vhPatentvhductusvharteriosusvh

d.vhAtrioventricularvhcanalvhdefectvh-vhcorrectvhanswer✔ ✔
c.vhPatentvhductusvharteriosusvh

, Exp:vhIfvhpulmonaryvhvascularvhresistancevhhasvhfallenvhthenvhinfantsvhwithvhw
illvhcharacteristicallyvhhavevhavhcontinuousvhmachine/typevhmurmurvhbestvhhe
ardvhatvhthevhleftvhuppervhsternalvhbordervhthroughoutvhsystolevhandvhdiastole.vhI
fvhthevhPDAvhisvhsignificantvhthenvhthevhinfantvhalsovhwillvhhavevhboundingvhpul
sesvhanvhactivevhprecordium,vhavhthrillvhonvhpalpationvhandvhsignsvhandvhsympto
msvhofvhpulmonaryvhovervhcirculation.vhThevhpresentationsvhofvhthevhothervhco
ngenitalvhheartvhdefectsvharevhnotvhconsistentvhwithvhthevhdescribedvhthevhsymp
tomsvhpagesvh1203-1204


Whichvhcompensatoryvhmechanismvhisvhspontaneouslyvhusedvhbyvhchildrenvh
diagnosedvhwithvhtetralogyvhofvhFallotvhtovhrelievevhhypoxicvhspells?
a.vhLyingvhonvhtheirvhleftvhside
b.vhPerformingvhthevhvalsalvavhmaneuver
c.vhSquatting

d.vhhyperventilatingvh-vhcorrectvhanswer✔ ✔ c.vhSquatting

Exp:vhsquattingvhisvhavhspontaneousvhcompensatoryvhmechanismvhusedvhbyvho
ldervhchildrenvhtovhalleviatevhhypoxicvhspells.vhSquattingvhandvhitsvhvariantsvhi
ncreasevhsystemicvhresistancevhwhilevhdecreasingvhvenousvhreturnvhtovhthevhhe
artvhfromvhthevhinferiorvhvenavhcava.vhThevhothervhoptionsvhwouldvhnotvhresultvh
invhthesevhchanges.vhpgvh1209


Anvhinfantvhdiagnosedvhwithvhavhsmallvhpatentvhductusvharteriosusvhwouldvhlik
elyvhexhibitvhwhichvhsymptom?
a.vhIntermittentvhmurmurvh
b.vhLackvhofvhsymptoms