TEST BANK for Clinical Neuroanatomy
Explanations (2nd Edition) by Richard S.
Snell. National Board–Style MCQs with
100% Correct Answers and Explanations
,Topic 1: Organization of the Nervous
System and the Neurobiology of the
Neuron
1. The resting membrane potential of a neuron is approximately:
A. +40 mV
B. 0 mV
C. −40 mV
D. −70 to −80 mV
E. −120 mV
Answer>>D Explanation:
The resting membrane potential is approximately −70 to −80 mV, with the interior negative
relative to the exterior.
2. Saltatory conduction occurs in:
A. Nonmyelinated fibers
B. Small-diameter axons
C. Dendrites
D. Myelinated axons
E. Synapses
Answer>>D Explanation:
In myelinated axons, the action potential jumps from node to node (nodes of Ranvier),
greatly increasing conduction speed.
3. Which of the following best explains why myelinated fibers conduct
impulses faster?
A. Increased axon diameter only
,B. Increased synaptic density
C. Reduced membrane capacitance
D. Increased sodium channel size
E. Continuous conduction
Answer>>C Explanation:
Myelin reduces membrane capacitance and ion leakage, allowing rapid saltatory
conduction between nodes.
4. Which neurotransmitter is commonly found at the neuromuscular
junction?
A. Dopamine
B. GABA
C. Glycine
D. Acetylcholine
E. Serotonin
Answer>>D Explanation:
Acetylcholine is the neurotransmifler released at the neuromuscular junction.
5. Retrograde axonal transport is important because it:
, A. Moves neurotransmiflers to terminals
B. Transports mitochondria to dendrites
C. Allows toxins and viruses to reach the cell body
D. Initiates action potentials
E. Forms myelin
Answer>>C Explanation:
Retrograde transport allows substances such as rabies virus to travel from nerve terminals
back to the neuron cell body.
6. Which type of synapse is most common in the central nervous system?
A. Axoaxonic
B. Axodendritic
C. Dendrodendritic
D. Electrical
E. Neuromuscular
Answer>>B Explanation:
Axodendritic synapses are the most common type in the CNS.
7. Inhibitory postsynaptic potentials (IPSPs) are most commonly
associated with influx of:
A. Sodium ions
B. Potassium ions
C. Calcium ions
D. Chloride ions
E. Magnesium ions
Answer>>D Explanation:
IPSPs are commonly produced by chloride (Cl⁻) influx, causing hyperpolarization.
Explanations (2nd Edition) by Richard S.
Snell. National Board–Style MCQs with
100% Correct Answers and Explanations
,Topic 1: Organization of the Nervous
System and the Neurobiology of the
Neuron
1. The resting membrane potential of a neuron is approximately:
A. +40 mV
B. 0 mV
C. −40 mV
D. −70 to −80 mV
E. −120 mV
Answer>>D Explanation:
The resting membrane potential is approximately −70 to −80 mV, with the interior negative
relative to the exterior.
2. Saltatory conduction occurs in:
A. Nonmyelinated fibers
B. Small-diameter axons
C. Dendrites
D. Myelinated axons
E. Synapses
Answer>>D Explanation:
In myelinated axons, the action potential jumps from node to node (nodes of Ranvier),
greatly increasing conduction speed.
3. Which of the following best explains why myelinated fibers conduct
impulses faster?
A. Increased axon diameter only
,B. Increased synaptic density
C. Reduced membrane capacitance
D. Increased sodium channel size
E. Continuous conduction
Answer>>C Explanation:
Myelin reduces membrane capacitance and ion leakage, allowing rapid saltatory
conduction between nodes.
4. Which neurotransmitter is commonly found at the neuromuscular
junction?
A. Dopamine
B. GABA
C. Glycine
D. Acetylcholine
E. Serotonin
Answer>>D Explanation:
Acetylcholine is the neurotransmifler released at the neuromuscular junction.
5. Retrograde axonal transport is important because it:
, A. Moves neurotransmiflers to terminals
B. Transports mitochondria to dendrites
C. Allows toxins and viruses to reach the cell body
D. Initiates action potentials
E. Forms myelin
Answer>>C Explanation:
Retrograde transport allows substances such as rabies virus to travel from nerve terminals
back to the neuron cell body.
6. Which type of synapse is most common in the central nervous system?
A. Axoaxonic
B. Axodendritic
C. Dendrodendritic
D. Electrical
E. Neuromuscular
Answer>>B Explanation:
Axodendritic synapses are the most common type in the CNS.
7. Inhibitory postsynaptic potentials (IPSPs) are most commonly
associated with influx of:
A. Sodium ions
B. Potassium ions
C. Calcium ions
D. Chloride ions
E. Magnesium ions
Answer>>D Explanation:
IPSPs are commonly produced by chloride (Cl⁻) influx, causing hyperpolarization.
