NUR 121 EXAM 2 Q AND A

HESI Comprehensive Exit Exam 1 (And Rati
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NUR 121 EXAM 2 Q AND A

Whatvgisvgthevgfunctionvgofvgthevgforebrain?vg-vganswer--advancedvgfunctioning

Whatvgisvgthevgfunctionvgofvgthevgfrontalvglobe?vg-vganswer--executivevgfunction

Whatvgisvgthevgfunctionvgofvgthevgcerebellum?vg-vganswer--smoothvgmovementvgofvgjoints/
musclesvgandvgmaintainingvgequillibrium

Whatvgisvgthevgfunctionvgofvgthevgbrainstem?vg-vganswer--controlsvgreticularvgactivatingvgsystemvg(RAS)vg--
>vgcontrolvgalertnessvgandvgawarenessvgofvgsurroundings

Whatvgisvgthevgfunctionvgofvgspinalvgcord?vg-vganswer--mobility,vgorganvgfunction,vgandvgtransmitsvginfovgfromvgfingertipsvg--
>vgbrain

Whatvgisvgthevgfunctionvgofvgthevghypothalamus?vg-vganswer--regulatesvgANS,vgcontrolsvgtempvgandvgcognition

SNSvg(sympatheticvgnervousvgsystem)vg-vganswer--fightvgorvgflight;vgregulatesvgmuscles,vgheart,vgrespiratory,vginhibitsvgGI

PNSvg(peripheralvgnervousvgsystem)vg-vganswer--feedvgandvgbreed;vgregulatesvgGIvgandvgreproduction

NeurovgChangesvgwithvgAgingvg-vganswer--
slowervgmovement,vgshortvgtermvgmemoryvgtakesvglongervgtovgretrieve,vgsleepvgchanges
↓vg:vgresponsevgtime/balance/vgcoordination/sensation/pupilvgsize,vghearing
-BrainvgChanges:vgenlargedvgventricles,vgwideningvgcerebralvgsulcivg
**↑vgriskvgforvgfalls

ContributingvgFactorsvgthatvgAffectvgAccessingvgIntellect/Cognitionvg-vganswer--meds,vgenvvgtoxins,vghypoxia

NeurovgHealthvgPromotionvg-vganswer---Avoidvgriskyvgbehaviorsvg(especiallyvgyoungvgmen/military)
-Avoidvgalcohol/smoking
-Getvgenoughvgsleep
-Propervgnutritionvg-->vgpropervgDMvgcontrol
-Exercise

NeurovgAssessmentvg-vganswer--Hx:vgsubstancevguse,vgfamvg(stroke,vgseizures,vgmigraines)
Physical:vgbaselinevgifvgpossible,vgbilateralvgextremities,vgsymmetryvg
Mentalvgstatus,vgcranialvgnerves,vgmobility/motorvgfunction,vgDTR/reflexes,vgSensory,vgcerebellarvgfunction,vgGCS
Psychosocial:vgdepression/anxiety/PTSD;vgGeriatricvgDepressionvgScale

BellsvgPalsyvg-vganswer--mainlyvgwomen/pregnantvg--
>vggoesvgawayvgaftervgbirth;vgPNSvgdisorder,vgworseningvgfacialvgparalysisvg-->vgfacialvgasymmetry,vgdifficultyvgsmiling/
closingvgeyes

MentalvgStatusvgAssessmentvg-vganswer--LOC:vgalert/lethargic/stuporous/
comatosevgANDvgorientationvg(time,vgsituation,vgperson,vgplace)
Cognition:vgverbal/writtenvgtestsvgmemoryvgandvgattention;vgnursingvgscreeningsvg-->vgdeliriumvgorvgdementia
1vg/
vg13

, HESI Comprehensive Exit Exam 1 (And Rati
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Whatvgisvgthevgearliestvgsignvgofvgneurologicalvgdecline/deficit?vg-vganswer--↓vgLOC/orientation

CranialvgNervevgVvg-vganswer--Trigeminal;vgdrawvgavg5vgonvgfacevgtovgassess

TrigeminalvgNeuralgiavg-vganswer--women;vgseverevgfacialvgpain

CranialvgNervevgIIIvg-vganswer--oculomotor;vgPERRLA

PERRLAvg-vganswer--PupilsvgEqual,vgRound,vgReactivevgtovgLightvgandvgAccommodation
*ifvgpinpoint/dilatedvg-->vglatevgsignvgforvgneurologicalvgdisordervgprogression/deterioration

MotorvgFunctionvgAssessmentvg-vganswer---InvoluntaryvgMovements:vgpill-
rollingvg(PD),vgintentionvgtremorsvgofvgbothvghandsvgwhenvgpickingvgupvgsomethingvg(MS,vgs/evgpsychvgmeds)
-HandvgStrength:vggrips,vgpush/pull
-PronatorvgDrift:vgforvgbrainvgstemvgintegrity;vgholdvgarmsvgupvgw/vgclosedvgeyesvg15-30vgsecsvg-->vgonevgwillvgdrift
-Posturing:vgdecorticate,vgdecerebrate

Decorticatevg-vganswer--lesionsvgonvgcorticospinalvgpathway;vg"C"vghandvgshape,vginternallyvgrotatedvgarms,

Decerebratevg-vganswer--brainvgstemvgdysfunction,vgbodyvgspasms;vgextensionvgofvgextremities,vghandsvgoutward

ReflexvgAssessmentvg-vganswer--DTR,vgPlantarvg-->vgtoesvgshouldvgcurl,vgagevg<2vgtoesvgfanvgout
-BabinskivgSign:vgtoesvgfanvgout;vgifvg+vg3>vg--
>vgCNSvgdisease,vgacutevgsubstancevgintoxication,vgpostvgseverevgseizure,vgMS
-Hyperactive:vgissuevgw/vgbrainvgorvg↑vgspinalvgcord
-Hypoactive:vgissuevgw/vg↓vgspinalvgcord

SensoryvgAssessmentvg-vganswer---Painvgandvgtempvg
-Touchvgdiscriminationvgw/vgclosedvgeyes:vgprovidervgtouchesvgrandomvgspotvgonvgface

Guillain-Barrevgsyndromevg-vganswer--rarevginflammatoryvgdisorder;vgascendingvgmusclevgweaknessvgintovgparalysisvg
*AssessvgQ1vguntilvgstable
-Ifvgtheyvgdon'tvgimprovevg-->vgrespvgfailvg-->vgdeath

CerebellarvgAssessmentvg-vganswer---
FinevgCoordination:vgrubvgfootvgdownvgshin,vgflipvghands,vgfingervgtouchvgtovgnosevgw/vgeyesvgclosedvgandvgopen
-Gait:vgwalking,vgbalance
-Equilibrium:vgwatchvgforvgswayingvgw/vgopen/closedvgeyes;vgRomberg'svgSign-vgswayingvgw/
vgclosedvgeyesvgonly;vgswayingvgbothvg-->vgcerebellarvgissue



GlasgowvgComavgScalevg(GCS)vg-vganswer--
eyevgopening,vgverbalvgresponse,vgmotorvgresponse;vghighestvgscorevgisvg15;vgifvgintubated,vgputvgT
*Ifvgdropsvg2>vgptsvg-->vgnotifyvgMDvgSTAT

NeurovgLabvgDiagnosticsvg-vganswer--BS,vgelectrolytes,vgCBCvg(chronicvganemia/malnutrition)

NeurovgDiagnosticsvg-vganswer--CT,vgMRI,vgCerebralvgAngiography,vgCT-
PET,vgSPECT,vgMEG,vgEMG,vgEEG,vgEvokedvgPotentials,vgTranscranialvgDopplervgUS,vgLumbarvgPuncture


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