Ultimate High-Yield Respiratory & GI Mega-Review: Lung Disease, X-Ray Signs, Pulmonary Drugs, Airways, Asthma, COPD, Infections, GI Pathology, Dysphagia, Diarrhea, Liver, Pancreas, and Exam Prep Guide Questions Complete with Verified A+ Graded Rationales

Ultimate High-Yield Respiratory & GI Mega-Review: Lung Disease, X-Ray Signs, Pulmonary Drugs, Airways, Asthma, COPD, Infections, GI Pathology, Dysphagia, Diarrhea, Liver, Pancreas, and Exam Prep Guide Questions Complete with Verified A+ Graded Rationales Latest Updated 2026 What is the difference between carotid body and carotid sinus Carotid body: chemoreceptor Carotid sinus: baroreceptor What is the color of air on x-ray? Black/ " radiolucent" What is the color of fluid or solid on x-ray white (radiopaque) what disease has a steeple sign on neck films Croup or laryngotracheobronchitis What disease has a thumb sign on neck films? Epiglottitis What is a "blue bloater"? Chronic bronchitis What is a "pink Puffer"? Emphysema What are the pulmonary infiltrates with eosinophilia (PIE) syndromes Churg strauss Loeffler's Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis What drugs cause pulmonary eosinophilia Nitrofurantoin and sulfonamides What are the risk factors for lung cancer Smoking, Radon, 2nd hand smoke, pneumoconiosis (except anthracosis) What diseases have hemoptysis Bronchiectasis, bronchitis, pneumonia, TB, lung cancer, goodpasture's, Wegner's Where is a bochdalek herniax occur more commonly on the posterior left side of diaphragm, most common congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) Where is a Morgagni hernia anterior/middle of diaphragm, bowel sounds in the thorax, seen on ultrasound in utero, surgery to fix immediately after birth What disease have respiratory alkalosis Restrictive lung diseases Anxiety Pregnancy Gram-negative sepsis Pulmonary emboli What diseases are respiratory acidosis Obstructive lung diseases What diseases have metabolic alkalosis Low-volume state : vomiting, diarrhea, GI blood loss What diseases have metabolic acidosis MUDPILES and diarrhea What does auscultation of stridor tell you Extrathoracic narrowing, seen on inspiration on x-ray What does auscultation of wheezing tell you Intrathoracic narrowing, seen on expiration on x-ray What does auscultation of rhonchi tell you Mucus in the airway (obstructive airway disease) what does auscultation of crackles tell you blowing collapsed alveoli open, restrictive lung disease What does dullness to percussion tell you something between airspace and chest wall absorbing sound, can be solid or fluid What does hyperresonance tell you air in that region of the lungs What does tracheal deviation tell you Moves away from tension; Pneumothorax moves towards atelectasis What does fremitus, egophony, and bronchophony tell You? Consolidation ( pathognomonic for pneumonia) What is restrictive lung disease Small stiff lungs, can't get air in What is obstructive lung disease Mucus filled lungs, cannot get air out What is epiglottitis inflammation of the epiglottis, thumb sign on x-ray, excessive drooling What is croup respiratory conditions that is usually triggered by an acute viral infection of the upper airway, steeple sign on x-ray, barking cough What is tracheitis Acute upper respiratory infections. Patients look toxic, grey pseudomembrane, leukocytosis What is asthma Chronic inflammatory disease of the Airways, characterized variable and recurring symptoms, wheezing on expiration, elevated IgE and eosinophils What is bronchiolitis Asthma in kids less than 2 years old What is sinusitis inflammation of the paranasal sinuses, tooth pain worsens upon bending forward. What is bronchiectasis Bad breath, purulent sputum, hemoptysis what Is emphysema Obstructive disease,