Page 1 of 546
, Test Bank for gW gW
McCance &
gW gW
Huether’s
gW
Pathophysiology:
gW
The Biologic Basis for
gW gW gW
Disease in Adults
gW gW gW
and Children 9th
gW gW
Edition by Julia
gW gW gW
Rogers
Page 2 of 546
, Chapter 1: Cellular Biology
gW gW gW
MULTIPLE gWCHOICE
1. WhichgWcomponentgWofgWthegWcellgWprogWdNuUcgWeRsSgWIhNyGdTroBg.gWCe nO gWMpgWeroxide g W (H2O2)gWby
usinggWoxygengWtogWremove gWhydrogen gWatoms gWfrom gWspecific gWsubstrates gWin gWan
gW
gWoxidative gWreaction?
a. Lysosomes c. Ribosomes
b. Peroxisomes d. gW Oxyhydrosomes
ANS: gWB
Peroxisomes gWare gWso gWnamed gWbecause gWthey gWusually gWcontain gWenzymes gWthat gWuse
gWoxygen gWto gWremove gWhydrogen gWatoms gWfrom gWspecific gWsubstrates gWin gWan gWoxidative
gWreaction gWthat gWproduces gWH2O2, gWwhich gWis gWa gWpowerful gWoxidant gWand gWpotentially
gWdestructive gWif gWit gWaccumulates gWor gWescapes gWfrom gWperoxisomes. gWRibosomes gWare
gWRNA-protein gWcomplexes gW(nucleoproteins) gWthat gWare gWsynthesized gWin gWthe gWnucleolus
gWand gWsecreted gWinto gWthe gWcytoplasm gWthrough gWpores gWin gWthe gWnuclear gWenvelope
gWcalled gWnuclear gWpore gWcomplexes. gWLysosomes gWare gWsaclike gWstructures gWthat
gWoriginate gWfrom gWthe gWGolgi gWcomplex gWand gWcontain gWmore gWthan gW40 gWdigestive
gWenzymes gWcalled gWhydrolases, gWwhich gWcatalyze gWbonds gWin gWproteins, gWlipids, gWnucleic
gWacids, gWand gWcarbohydrates. gWOxyhydrosomes gWare gWinvolved gWin gWenzyme gWproduction.
PTS: g W gW 1 REF: gWPage gW8
2. Which gWstatement gWbest gWdescribes gWthe gWcellular gWfunction gWof gWmetabolic gWabsorption?
a. Cells gWcan gWproduce gWproteins. c. Cells gWcan gWtake gWin gWand gWuse gWnutrients.
b. Cells gWcan gWsecrete gWdigestive gWenzymes. d. g W Cells gWcan gWsynthesize gWfats.
ANS: gWC
In gWmetabolic gWabsorption, gWall gWcells gWtake gWin gWand gWuse gWnutrients gWand gWother gWsubstances
gWfrom gWtheir gWsurroundings. gWThe gWremaining gWoptions gWare gWnot gWinclusive gWin gWtheir
gWdescriptions gWof gWcellular gWmetabolic gWabsorption.
PTS: g W gW 1 REF: gWPage gW2
3. Most gWof gWa gWcell’s gWgenetic gWinformation, gWincluding gWRNA gWand gWDNA, gWis gWcontained gWin gWthe:
a. Mitochondria c. Nucleolus
b. Ribosome d. g W g W Lysosome
ANS: gWC
The gWnucleus gWcontains gWthe gWnucleolus, gWa gWsmall gWdense gWstructure gWcomposed gWlargely
gWof gWRNA, gWmost gWof gWthe gWcellular gWDNA, gWand gWthe gWDNA-binding gWproteins, gWsuch
gWas gWthe gWhistones, gWwhich gWregulate gWits gWactivity. gWThe gWother gWoptions gWdo gWnot gWcontain
gWmost gWof gWa gWcell’s gWgenetic gWinformation.
PTS: g W gW 1 REF: gWPage gW2
4. Which gWcell gWcomponent gWis gWcapable gWof gWcellular gWautodigestion gWwhen gWit gWis gWreleased
during gWcell gWinjury?
gW
a. Ribosome c. SmoothgWendoplasmic gWreticulum
Page 3 of 546
, b. Golgi gWcomplex d. gWLysosomes
ANS: gWD
The gWlysosomal gWmembrane gWacts gWas gWa gWprotective gWshield gWbetween gWthe gWpowerful gWdigestive gWenzymes gWwithin gWthe
gWlysosome gWand gWthe gWcytoplasm, gWpreventing gWtheir gWleakage gWinto gWthe gWcytoplasmic gWmatrix. gWDisruption gWof gWthe
gWmembrane gWby gWvarious gWtreatments gWor gWcellular gWinjury gWleads gWto gWa gWrelease gWof gWthe gWlysosomal gWenzymes, gWwhich
gWcan gWthen gWreact gWwith gWtheir gWspecific gWsubstrates, gWcausing gWcellular gWself-digestion. gWThe gWother gWoptions gWdo gWnot gWcorrectly
gWdescribe gWthis gWprocess.
PTS: g W gW 1 REF: gWPages gW7-8
5. What gWis gWthe gWsequence gWof gWsteps gWin gWthe gWdevelopment gWof gWa gWdigestive gWenzyme gWby
the gWpancreas gWcells gWfrom gWthe gWinitial gWtranscription gWto gWthe gWrelease gWfrom gWthe
gW
gWcell?
a. The gWenzyme gWis gWtranscribed gWfrom gWDNA gWby gWRNA gWin gWthe gWnucleus,
gWproceeds gWto gWthe gWribosome gWfor gWsynthesis, gWand gWis gWtransported gWin gWa
gWsecretory gWvesicle gWto gWthe gWcell gWmembrane.
b. The gWenzyme gWis gWtranscribed gWfrom gWRNA gWby gWDNA gWin gWthe gWnucleus,
gWproceeds gWto gWthe gWlysosome gWfor gWsynthesis, gWand gWis gWtransported gWin gWan
gWencapsulated gWmembrane gWto gWthe gWcell gWmembrane.
c. The gWenzyme gWis gWtranscribed gWby gWthe gWmitochondria gWin gWthe gWnucleus,
gWproceeds gWto gWthe gWribosome gWfor gWsynthesis, gWand gWis gWtransported gWin gWa
gWcytoskeleton gWto gWthe gWcell gWmembrane.
d. The gWenzyme gWis gWtranscribed gWfrom gWDNA gWby gWRNA gWin gWthe gWnucleus,
gWproceeds gWto gWthe gWGolgi gWcomplex gWfor gWsynthesis, gWand gWis gWtransported gWin gWa
gWcytosol gWto gWthe gWcell gWmembrane.
ANS: gWA
The gWenzyme gWis gWtranscribed gWfrom gWDNA gWby gWRNA gWin gWthe gWnucleus, gWproceeds gWto
gWthe gWribosome gWfor gWsynthesis, gWand gWis gWtransported gWin gWa gWsecretory gWvesicle gWto
gWthe gWcell gWmembrane. gWThe gWother gWoptions gWdo gWnot gWcorrectly gWdescribe gWthis
gWprocess.
NURSINGTB.COM
PTS: g W gW 1 REF: gWPage gW7 gW| gWFigure gW1-5
6. During gWwhich gWphase gWofgWthe gWcell gWcycle gWis gWDNA gWsynthesized?
a. G1 c. G2
b. S d. g W M
ANS: gWB
The gWfour gWdesignated gWphases gWof gWthe gWcell gWcycle gWare: gW(1) gWthe gWG1 gWphase gW(G gW=
gWgap), gWwhich gWis gWthe gWperiod gWbetween gWthe gWM gWphase gW(M gW= gWmitosis) gWand gWthe gWstart
gWof gWDNA gWsynthesis; gW(2) gWthe gWS gWphase gW(S gW= gWsynthesis), gWduring gWwhich gWDNA gWis
gWsynthesized gWin gWthe gWcell gWnucleus; gW(3) gWthe gWG2 gWphase, gWduring gWwhich gWRNA gWand
gWprotein gWsynthesis gWoccurs, gWthe gWperiod gWbetween gWthe gWcompletion gWof gWDNA
gWsynthesis gWand gWthe gWnext gWphase gW(M); gWand gW(4) gWthe gWM gWphase, gWwhich gWincludes
gWnuclear gWand gWcytoplasmic gWdivision.
Page 4 of 546
, Test Bank for gW gW
McCance &
gW gW
Huether’s
gW
Pathophysiology:
gW
The Biologic Basis for
gW gW gW
Disease in Adults
gW gW gW
and Children 9th
gW gW
Edition by Julia
gW gW gW
Rogers
Page 2 of 546
, Chapter 1: Cellular Biology
gW gW gW
MULTIPLE gWCHOICE
1. WhichgWcomponentgWofgWthegWcellgWprogWdNuUcgWeRsSgWIhNyGdTroBg.gWCe nO gWMpgWeroxide g W (H2O2)gWby
usinggWoxygengWtogWremove gWhydrogen gWatoms gWfrom gWspecific gWsubstrates gWin gWan
gW
gWoxidative gWreaction?
a. Lysosomes c. Ribosomes
b. Peroxisomes d. gW Oxyhydrosomes
ANS: gWB
Peroxisomes gWare gWso gWnamed gWbecause gWthey gWusually gWcontain gWenzymes gWthat gWuse
gWoxygen gWto gWremove gWhydrogen gWatoms gWfrom gWspecific gWsubstrates gWin gWan gWoxidative
gWreaction gWthat gWproduces gWH2O2, gWwhich gWis gWa gWpowerful gWoxidant gWand gWpotentially
gWdestructive gWif gWit gWaccumulates gWor gWescapes gWfrom gWperoxisomes. gWRibosomes gWare
gWRNA-protein gWcomplexes gW(nucleoproteins) gWthat gWare gWsynthesized gWin gWthe gWnucleolus
gWand gWsecreted gWinto gWthe gWcytoplasm gWthrough gWpores gWin gWthe gWnuclear gWenvelope
gWcalled gWnuclear gWpore gWcomplexes. gWLysosomes gWare gWsaclike gWstructures gWthat
gWoriginate gWfrom gWthe gWGolgi gWcomplex gWand gWcontain gWmore gWthan gW40 gWdigestive
gWenzymes gWcalled gWhydrolases, gWwhich gWcatalyze gWbonds gWin gWproteins, gWlipids, gWnucleic
gWacids, gWand gWcarbohydrates. gWOxyhydrosomes gWare gWinvolved gWin gWenzyme gWproduction.
PTS: g W gW 1 REF: gWPage gW8
2. Which gWstatement gWbest gWdescribes gWthe gWcellular gWfunction gWof gWmetabolic gWabsorption?
a. Cells gWcan gWproduce gWproteins. c. Cells gWcan gWtake gWin gWand gWuse gWnutrients.
b. Cells gWcan gWsecrete gWdigestive gWenzymes. d. g W Cells gWcan gWsynthesize gWfats.
ANS: gWC
In gWmetabolic gWabsorption, gWall gWcells gWtake gWin gWand gWuse gWnutrients gWand gWother gWsubstances
gWfrom gWtheir gWsurroundings. gWThe gWremaining gWoptions gWare gWnot gWinclusive gWin gWtheir
gWdescriptions gWof gWcellular gWmetabolic gWabsorption.
PTS: g W gW 1 REF: gWPage gW2
3. Most gWof gWa gWcell’s gWgenetic gWinformation, gWincluding gWRNA gWand gWDNA, gWis gWcontained gWin gWthe:
a. Mitochondria c. Nucleolus
b. Ribosome d. g W g W Lysosome
ANS: gWC
The gWnucleus gWcontains gWthe gWnucleolus, gWa gWsmall gWdense gWstructure gWcomposed gWlargely
gWof gWRNA, gWmost gWof gWthe gWcellular gWDNA, gWand gWthe gWDNA-binding gWproteins, gWsuch
gWas gWthe gWhistones, gWwhich gWregulate gWits gWactivity. gWThe gWother gWoptions gWdo gWnot gWcontain
gWmost gWof gWa gWcell’s gWgenetic gWinformation.
PTS: g W gW 1 REF: gWPage gW2
4. Which gWcell gWcomponent gWis gWcapable gWof gWcellular gWautodigestion gWwhen gWit gWis gWreleased
during gWcell gWinjury?
gW
a. Ribosome c. SmoothgWendoplasmic gWreticulum
Page 3 of 546
, b. Golgi gWcomplex d. gWLysosomes
ANS: gWD
The gWlysosomal gWmembrane gWacts gWas gWa gWprotective gWshield gWbetween gWthe gWpowerful gWdigestive gWenzymes gWwithin gWthe
gWlysosome gWand gWthe gWcytoplasm, gWpreventing gWtheir gWleakage gWinto gWthe gWcytoplasmic gWmatrix. gWDisruption gWof gWthe
gWmembrane gWby gWvarious gWtreatments gWor gWcellular gWinjury gWleads gWto gWa gWrelease gWof gWthe gWlysosomal gWenzymes, gWwhich
gWcan gWthen gWreact gWwith gWtheir gWspecific gWsubstrates, gWcausing gWcellular gWself-digestion. gWThe gWother gWoptions gWdo gWnot gWcorrectly
gWdescribe gWthis gWprocess.
PTS: g W gW 1 REF: gWPages gW7-8
5. What gWis gWthe gWsequence gWof gWsteps gWin gWthe gWdevelopment gWof gWa gWdigestive gWenzyme gWby
the gWpancreas gWcells gWfrom gWthe gWinitial gWtranscription gWto gWthe gWrelease gWfrom gWthe
gW
gWcell?
a. The gWenzyme gWis gWtranscribed gWfrom gWDNA gWby gWRNA gWin gWthe gWnucleus,
gWproceeds gWto gWthe gWribosome gWfor gWsynthesis, gWand gWis gWtransported gWin gWa
gWsecretory gWvesicle gWto gWthe gWcell gWmembrane.
b. The gWenzyme gWis gWtranscribed gWfrom gWRNA gWby gWDNA gWin gWthe gWnucleus,
gWproceeds gWto gWthe gWlysosome gWfor gWsynthesis, gWand gWis gWtransported gWin gWan
gWencapsulated gWmembrane gWto gWthe gWcell gWmembrane.
c. The gWenzyme gWis gWtranscribed gWby gWthe gWmitochondria gWin gWthe gWnucleus,
gWproceeds gWto gWthe gWribosome gWfor gWsynthesis, gWand gWis gWtransported gWin gWa
gWcytoskeleton gWto gWthe gWcell gWmembrane.
d. The gWenzyme gWis gWtranscribed gWfrom gWDNA gWby gWRNA gWin gWthe gWnucleus,
gWproceeds gWto gWthe gWGolgi gWcomplex gWfor gWsynthesis, gWand gWis gWtransported gWin gWa
gWcytosol gWto gWthe gWcell gWmembrane.
ANS: gWA
The gWenzyme gWis gWtranscribed gWfrom gWDNA gWby gWRNA gWin gWthe gWnucleus, gWproceeds gWto
gWthe gWribosome gWfor gWsynthesis, gWand gWis gWtransported gWin gWa gWsecretory gWvesicle gWto
gWthe gWcell gWmembrane. gWThe gWother gWoptions gWdo gWnot gWcorrectly gWdescribe gWthis
gWprocess.
NURSINGTB.COM
PTS: g W gW 1 REF: gWPage gW7 gW| gWFigure gW1-5
6. During gWwhich gWphase gWofgWthe gWcell gWcycle gWis gWDNA gWsynthesized?
a. G1 c. G2
b. S d. g W M
ANS: gWB
The gWfour gWdesignated gWphases gWof gWthe gWcell gWcycle gWare: gW(1) gWthe gWG1 gWphase gW(G gW=
gWgap), gWwhich gWis gWthe gWperiod gWbetween gWthe gWM gWphase gW(M gW= gWmitosis) gWand gWthe gWstart
gWof gWDNA gWsynthesis; gW(2) gWthe gWS gWphase gW(S gW= gWsynthesis), gWduring gWwhich gWDNA gWis
gWsynthesized gWin gWthe gWcell gWnucleus; gW(3) gWthe gWG2 gWphase, gWduring gWwhich gWRNA gWand
gWprotein gWsynthesis gWoccurs, gWthe gWperiod gWbetween gWthe gWcompletion gWof gWDNA
gWsynthesis gWand gWthe gWnext gWphase gW(M); gWand gW(4) gWthe gWM gWphase, gWwhich gWincludes
gWnuclear gWand gWcytoplasmic gWdivision.
Page 4 of 546
