Comprehensive Internal Medicine Review: Perioperative Risk Stratification, Autoimmune Connective Tissue Disorders, ANCA-Associated Vasculitides, Lupus Nephritis Classification, Seizure Management, Demyelinating Diseases, Neuromuscular Disorders, and Vesti

Comprehensive Internal Medicine Review: Perioperative Risk Stratification, Autoimmune Connective Tissue Disorders, ANCA-Associated Vasculitides, Lupus Nephritis Classification, Seizure Management, Demyelinating Diseases, Neuromuscular Disorders, and Vestibular Pathologies Questions Provided with A+ Graded Rationales Latest Updated 2026 Functional ______________ Status is an individual's ability to perform normal daily activities required to meet basic needs, fulfill usual roles, and maintain health and well-being 2 ASA _____ Patients with mild systemic disease with no functional limitations 3 ASA _____ Patients with systemic disease with functional limitations 4 ASA _____ Patients with severe systemic disease that is a constant threat to life 5 ASA _____ Moribund Patients who are not expected to survive without intervention Negative Predictive Values Dobutamine echocardiography and nuclear perfusion testing for purposes of identifying patients at risk for perioperative MI or death have excellent ________________________________ but poor positive predictive values Continue if they have stents Hold or Continue before surgery? -aspirin Continue Hold or Continue before surgery? -Metoprolol Hold morning of surgery Hold or Continue before surgery? -Lisinopril Continue (prevents vascular events in perioperative period) Hold or Continue before surgery? -Atorvastatin Hold morning of surgery Hold or Continue before surgery? -Lasix (Furosemide) Hold morning of surgery Hold or Continue before surgery? -Metformin Hold 3-4 days before surgery Hold or Continue before surgery? -Empagliflozin Continue Hold or Continue before surgery? -Insulin Glargine Hold 2 days before surgery Hold or Continue before surgery? -Apixaban Continue (benefits hemodynamic stabiluty) Hold or Continue before surgery? -Amlodipine Steroids HIV drugs Epilepsy drugs CCBs Anti tubercular therapy NTG Thiazides Statins Thyroid drugs OCPs Propanolol (beta blockers) Drugs to be continued on the day of surgery (hint: SHE CANT STOP) 5 days Current guidelines recommend the discontinuation of warfarin at least _______________ prior to surgery. SLE -FATIGUE -fever, tachycardia, lymphadenopathy, weight loss -nasal and oral painless ulcers -photosensitive rash that spares the nasolabial fold and upper lip -livedo reticularis -joint tenderness and synovitis -peripheral neuropathy