ANATOMY 101
ANATOMY 101 EXAM QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS % ACCURATE.
anatomy ANSWER >>>> study of structure
physiology ANSWER >>>> study of how body structures function
levels of structural organization and body systems ANSWER >>>>
chemical >> cellular >> tissue >> organ >> organ system >> organismal
chemical level ANSWER >>>> -atoms= smallest unit of matter
-atoms make molecule
-DNA is smallest unit
-based on CHONP (carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, phosphorus)
cellular level ANSWER >>>> -two or more similar molecules
,ANATOMY 101
-cell= smallest structural and functional unit of the human organism
-cell membrane (barrier), nucleus, and cytoplasm are the advantages of
a cell
tissue level ANSWER >>>> -tissues= group of cells and materials
surrounding them that work together to perform a particular function
-two diff types of cells put together each having a specific function
-4 types
1. epithelial tissue (cover, line, glands)
2. connective tissue (connecting, supporting, protecting vital organs,
distribute blood)
3. muscle tissue (generate force to contract/relax) (20-30% affective
(rest given off as heat))
4. neuron/nervous tissue (transmits electrical info from one location to
another... across synapses)
organ level ANSWER >>>> -combine two or more tissues
-provide specific function
-recognizable shape
organ system ANSWER >>>> -related organs with common function
-examples= digestive system, circulatory system
-11 organ systems in the body
,ANATOMY 101
organismal level ANSWER >>>> combine organ systems and have them
work together
systems of the human body ANSWER >>>> integumentary, skeletal,
muscular, nervous, endocrine, cardiovascular, lymphatic/immune,
respiratory, digestive, urinary, reproductive
integumentary system ANSWER >>>> -skin, hair, nails, sweat glands, oil
glands
-protects body, regulate body temp, eliminate some waste, make
vitamin d, detect sensations, store fat, provide insulation
skeletal system ANSWER >>>> -bones, joints, cartilage
-support, protection, movement, surface for muscle attachment, house
the cells that produce blood cells
-axial= middle body and head
-appendage= anything attached, pelvic girdle
muscular system ANSWER >>>> -skeletal muscle tissue
-movement, posture, heat production
nervous system ANSWER >>>> -brain, spinal cord, nerves, eyes, ears
-rapid communication
, ANATOMY 101
-wired system= faster than endocrine
-begins in brain then to spinal cord
-generates action potentials, nerve impulses, detects, interprets,
responds and regulates changes in the body (homeostasis)
endocrine system ANSWER >>>> -hormone producing glands
-all glands (pineal, hypothalamus, pituitary, thymus, thyroid,
parathyroid, adrenal, pancreas, ovaries, testes)
-regulate activity/homeostasis by releasing hormones
-wireless system= slower than nervous
-gland of origin secretes hormones into bloodstream, travels until
reaches proper receptors...not direct
cardiovascular system ANSWER >>>> -blood, heart, blood vessels
-heart pumps blood thru blood vessels, blood carries oxygen and
nutrients to cells, carries carbon dioxide and waste away from cells,
regulate acid/base temp and water content
-blood contents= defend against disease, repair damaged blood vessels
-takes waste to lungs
-two sided pump (systemically and pulmonic ally)
lymphatic/immune system ANSWER >>>> -lymph, vessels, spleen,
thymus, lymph nodes, tonsils, B and T cells (carry immune response)
ANATOMY 101 EXAM QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS % ACCURATE.
anatomy ANSWER >>>> study of structure
physiology ANSWER >>>> study of how body structures function
levels of structural organization and body systems ANSWER >>>>
chemical >> cellular >> tissue >> organ >> organ system >> organismal
chemical level ANSWER >>>> -atoms= smallest unit of matter
-atoms make molecule
-DNA is smallest unit
-based on CHONP (carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, phosphorus)
cellular level ANSWER >>>> -two or more similar molecules
,ANATOMY 101
-cell= smallest structural and functional unit of the human organism
-cell membrane (barrier), nucleus, and cytoplasm are the advantages of
a cell
tissue level ANSWER >>>> -tissues= group of cells and materials
surrounding them that work together to perform a particular function
-two diff types of cells put together each having a specific function
-4 types
1. epithelial tissue (cover, line, glands)
2. connective tissue (connecting, supporting, protecting vital organs,
distribute blood)
3. muscle tissue (generate force to contract/relax) (20-30% affective
(rest given off as heat))
4. neuron/nervous tissue (transmits electrical info from one location to
another... across synapses)
organ level ANSWER >>>> -combine two or more tissues
-provide specific function
-recognizable shape
organ system ANSWER >>>> -related organs with common function
-examples= digestive system, circulatory system
-11 organ systems in the body
,ANATOMY 101
organismal level ANSWER >>>> combine organ systems and have them
work together
systems of the human body ANSWER >>>> integumentary, skeletal,
muscular, nervous, endocrine, cardiovascular, lymphatic/immune,
respiratory, digestive, urinary, reproductive
integumentary system ANSWER >>>> -skin, hair, nails, sweat glands, oil
glands
-protects body, regulate body temp, eliminate some waste, make
vitamin d, detect sensations, store fat, provide insulation
skeletal system ANSWER >>>> -bones, joints, cartilage
-support, protection, movement, surface for muscle attachment, house
the cells that produce blood cells
-axial= middle body and head
-appendage= anything attached, pelvic girdle
muscular system ANSWER >>>> -skeletal muscle tissue
-movement, posture, heat production
nervous system ANSWER >>>> -brain, spinal cord, nerves, eyes, ears
-rapid communication
, ANATOMY 101
-wired system= faster than endocrine
-begins in brain then to spinal cord
-generates action potentials, nerve impulses, detects, interprets,
responds and regulates changes in the body (homeostasis)
endocrine system ANSWER >>>> -hormone producing glands
-all glands (pineal, hypothalamus, pituitary, thymus, thyroid,
parathyroid, adrenal, pancreas, ovaries, testes)
-regulate activity/homeostasis by releasing hormones
-wireless system= slower than nervous
-gland of origin secretes hormones into bloodstream, travels until
reaches proper receptors...not direct
cardiovascular system ANSWER >>>> -blood, heart, blood vessels
-heart pumps blood thru blood vessels, blood carries oxygen and
nutrients to cells, carries carbon dioxide and waste away from cells,
regulate acid/base temp and water content
-blood contents= defend against disease, repair damaged blood vessels
-takes waste to lungs
-two sided pump (systemically and pulmonic ally)
lymphatic/immune system ANSWER >>>> -lymph, vessels, spleen,
thymus, lymph nodes, tonsils, B and T cells (carry immune response)
