LEV3701 EXAM PACK CERTIFICATION
EVALUATION 2026 COMPREHENSIVE
QUESTIONS ANSWERS
◉ Positive Conduct. Answer: An act performed in criminal law.
◉ Negative Conduct. Answer: An omission in criminal law context.
◉ Legal Cause. Answer: X's act must lead to Y's death.
◉ Condicio Sine Qua Non. Answer: Act necessary for a situation's
existence.
◉ Private Defence. Answer: Defending against unlawful attacks.
◉ Unlawful Attack. Answer: Attack violating legal rights or interests.
◉ Limits of Private Defence. Answer: Exceeding self-defense leads to
unlawful action.
◉ Necessity. Answer: Justification for actions violating legal
provisions.
,◉ Emergency Situation. Answer: Circumstances requiring
immediate action for necessity.
◉ Moral Duty. Answer: Obligation to act positively in certain
omissions.
◉ Proximate Cause Theory. Answer: Legal causation theory applied
in all cases.
◉ Criminal Liability. Answer: Responsibility for committing a crime.
◉ Interpretation of Crime. Answer: Wording must be interpreted
widely.
◉ Human Action. Answer: Actions resulting in necessity situations.
◉ Chance Circumstances. Answer: Unexpected events leading to
necessity.
◉ Innocent Third Party. Answer: Individual whose interests are
protected in necessity.
,◉ Retaliation. Answer: Response to an attack that may exceed limits.
◉ Unlawful Conduct. Answer: Actions that violate legal standards.
◉ Legal Provision. Answer: Established laws governing conduct.
◉ Criminal Procedure. Answer: Rules governing the trial process.
◉ Roman-Dutch Common Law. Answer: Legal system influenced by
English law.
◉ Codified Law. Answer: Laws systematically arranged in a code.
◉ Consent. Answer: Agreement allowing actions without legal
repercussions.
◉ Murder Justification. Answer: Consent can justify actions in
murder cases.
◉ Medical Consent. Answer: Patient's permission protects doctors
from assault charges.
, ◉ Obedience to Orders. Answer: Following orders can justify actions
legally.
◉ Competent Authority. Answer: Orders must come from a qualified
individual.
◉ Culpability. Answer: Responsibility for actions based on mental
capacity.
◉ Criminal Capacity. Answer: Mental ability to understand
criminality of actions.
◉ Forms of Culpability. Answer: Includes intention and causation in
legal context.
◉ Intention. Answer: Mental state directing actions towards a
specific outcome.
◉ Cognitive Element. Answer: Understanding the nature of the act
intended.
◉ Conative Element. Answer: Willful direction towards achieving a
result.
EVALUATION 2026 COMPREHENSIVE
QUESTIONS ANSWERS
◉ Positive Conduct. Answer: An act performed in criminal law.
◉ Negative Conduct. Answer: An omission in criminal law context.
◉ Legal Cause. Answer: X's act must lead to Y's death.
◉ Condicio Sine Qua Non. Answer: Act necessary for a situation's
existence.
◉ Private Defence. Answer: Defending against unlawful attacks.
◉ Unlawful Attack. Answer: Attack violating legal rights or interests.
◉ Limits of Private Defence. Answer: Exceeding self-defense leads to
unlawful action.
◉ Necessity. Answer: Justification for actions violating legal
provisions.
,◉ Emergency Situation. Answer: Circumstances requiring
immediate action for necessity.
◉ Moral Duty. Answer: Obligation to act positively in certain
omissions.
◉ Proximate Cause Theory. Answer: Legal causation theory applied
in all cases.
◉ Criminal Liability. Answer: Responsibility for committing a crime.
◉ Interpretation of Crime. Answer: Wording must be interpreted
widely.
◉ Human Action. Answer: Actions resulting in necessity situations.
◉ Chance Circumstances. Answer: Unexpected events leading to
necessity.
◉ Innocent Third Party. Answer: Individual whose interests are
protected in necessity.
,◉ Retaliation. Answer: Response to an attack that may exceed limits.
◉ Unlawful Conduct. Answer: Actions that violate legal standards.
◉ Legal Provision. Answer: Established laws governing conduct.
◉ Criminal Procedure. Answer: Rules governing the trial process.
◉ Roman-Dutch Common Law. Answer: Legal system influenced by
English law.
◉ Codified Law. Answer: Laws systematically arranged in a code.
◉ Consent. Answer: Agreement allowing actions without legal
repercussions.
◉ Murder Justification. Answer: Consent can justify actions in
murder cases.
◉ Medical Consent. Answer: Patient's permission protects doctors
from assault charges.
, ◉ Obedience to Orders. Answer: Following orders can justify actions
legally.
◉ Competent Authority. Answer: Orders must come from a qualified
individual.
◉ Culpability. Answer: Responsibility for actions based on mental
capacity.
◉ Criminal Capacity. Answer: Mental ability to understand
criminality of actions.
◉ Forms of Culpability. Answer: Includes intention and causation in
legal context.
◉ Intention. Answer: Mental state directing actions towards a
specific outcome.
◉ Cognitive Element. Answer: Understanding the nature of the act
intended.
◉ Conative Element. Answer: Willful direction towards achieving a
result.
