FUNDAMENTAL CONCEPTS AND SKILLS
FOR NURSING
7TH EDITION
• AUTHOR(S)PATRICIA A. WILLIAMS
TEST BANK
1
Reference
Ch. 1 — Nursing and the Health Care System — Role of the
Practical Nurse
Clinical stem
A 22-year-old patient is admitted overnight for cellulitis. The RN
assigns you (an LPN) to monitor the patient’s IV site every 2
hours, administer oral antibiotics as prescribed, and report
changes. On your first assessment you note slight erythema at
the IV site but the patient reports no pain and the IV flushes
easily. Vitals: T 37.2°C, HR 82, BP 118/72, RR 16. Which action is
the most appropriate for you to take now?
,A. Document findings and continue routine monitoring as
assigned.
B. Immediately discontinue the IV and start a new site.
C. Notify the RN of the IV site redness and ask whether to
continue the IV.
D. Apply warm compresses and elevate the limb without
notifying anyone.
Correct answer: A
Rationales
A (correct): The LPN’s delegated tasks include routine
monitoring and documentation; slight erythema without other
signs can be documented and monitored per assignment. This
follows scope of practice and ADPIE (assessment → monitor →
report changes if worsens).
B: Discontinuing an IV is a higher-risk intervention that may
be beyond the LPN’s independent scope without order—
premature.
C: While notifying the RN is important for new/worsening
signs, immediate notification for slight erythema with stable
parameters is not necessary; document and continue
monitoring unless it progresses.
D: Applying interventions without notifying the RN may
delay appropriate escalation and is outside routine monitoring
unless delegated.
,Teaching point: Document baseline findings; escalate only if
signs progress.
Citation: Williams, P. A. (7th ed.). Fundamental Concepts and
Skills for Nursing. Ch. 1.
2
Reference
Ch. 1 — Historical Overview — Florence Nightingale’s
contributions
Clinical stem
During a discussion with nursing students, a new LPN cites
Florence Nightingale as the founder of modern nursing and asks
which principle of hers most directly supports today’s infection-
control standards. Which principle best answers the student?
A. Emphasis on compassionate care
B. Maintaining a clean environment and ventilation
C. Strict adherence to medication schedules
D. Formalized nursing education programs
Correct answer: B
Rationales
B (correct): Nightingale emphasized sanitation, clean air,
and environment—foundational to modern infection control.
A: Compassionate care is important but not Nightingale’s
direct link to infection control.
, C: Medication schedules are clinical practice but not
Nightingale’s primary sanitation focus.
D: Education reform was influenced by Nightingale but does
not directly explain infection control principles.
Teaching point: Nightingale’s sanitation and environment
reforms underpin infection prevention.
Citation: Williams, P. A. (7th ed.). Fundamental Concepts and
Skills for Nursing. Ch. 1.
3
Reference
Ch. 1 — Nursing Education Pathways — Practical Nursing vs.
Registered Nursing
Clinical stem
A newly hired LPN asks the charge nurse about differences
between LPN and RN roles on the med-surg unit. Which
statement best reflects the practical nurse’s scope compared
with the RN?
A. LPNs perform admission assessments and develop the
nursing care plan independently.
B. LPNs implement basic nursing interventions and report
assessment data to RNs.
C. LPNs independently prescribe and adjust medications per
patient response.
FOR NURSING
7TH EDITION
• AUTHOR(S)PATRICIA A. WILLIAMS
TEST BANK
1
Reference
Ch. 1 — Nursing and the Health Care System — Role of the
Practical Nurse
Clinical stem
A 22-year-old patient is admitted overnight for cellulitis. The RN
assigns you (an LPN) to monitor the patient’s IV site every 2
hours, administer oral antibiotics as prescribed, and report
changes. On your first assessment you note slight erythema at
the IV site but the patient reports no pain and the IV flushes
easily. Vitals: T 37.2°C, HR 82, BP 118/72, RR 16. Which action is
the most appropriate for you to take now?
,A. Document findings and continue routine monitoring as
assigned.
B. Immediately discontinue the IV and start a new site.
C. Notify the RN of the IV site redness and ask whether to
continue the IV.
D. Apply warm compresses and elevate the limb without
notifying anyone.
Correct answer: A
Rationales
A (correct): The LPN’s delegated tasks include routine
monitoring and documentation; slight erythema without other
signs can be documented and monitored per assignment. This
follows scope of practice and ADPIE (assessment → monitor →
report changes if worsens).
B: Discontinuing an IV is a higher-risk intervention that may
be beyond the LPN’s independent scope without order—
premature.
C: While notifying the RN is important for new/worsening
signs, immediate notification for slight erythema with stable
parameters is not necessary; document and continue
monitoring unless it progresses.
D: Applying interventions without notifying the RN may
delay appropriate escalation and is outside routine monitoring
unless delegated.
,Teaching point: Document baseline findings; escalate only if
signs progress.
Citation: Williams, P. A. (7th ed.). Fundamental Concepts and
Skills for Nursing. Ch. 1.
2
Reference
Ch. 1 — Historical Overview — Florence Nightingale’s
contributions
Clinical stem
During a discussion with nursing students, a new LPN cites
Florence Nightingale as the founder of modern nursing and asks
which principle of hers most directly supports today’s infection-
control standards. Which principle best answers the student?
A. Emphasis on compassionate care
B. Maintaining a clean environment and ventilation
C. Strict adherence to medication schedules
D. Formalized nursing education programs
Correct answer: B
Rationales
B (correct): Nightingale emphasized sanitation, clean air,
and environment—foundational to modern infection control.
A: Compassionate care is important but not Nightingale’s
direct link to infection control.
, C: Medication schedules are clinical practice but not
Nightingale’s primary sanitation focus.
D: Education reform was influenced by Nightingale but does
not directly explain infection control principles.
Teaching point: Nightingale’s sanitation and environment
reforms underpin infection prevention.
Citation: Williams, P. A. (7th ed.). Fundamental Concepts and
Skills for Nursing. Ch. 1.
3
Reference
Ch. 1 — Nursing Education Pathways — Practical Nursing vs.
Registered Nursing
Clinical stem
A newly hired LPN asks the charge nurse about differences
between LPN and RN roles on the med-surg unit. Which
statement best reflects the practical nurse’s scope compared
with the RN?
A. LPNs perform admission assessments and develop the
nursing care plan independently.
B. LPNs implement basic nursing interventions and report
assessment data to RNs.
C. LPNs independently prescribe and adjust medications per
patient response.
