INSY 3304 EVALUATION EXAM 2026 QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS GRADED A+
✔✔The" __ " characteristic of a primary key states that the primary key must uniquely
identify each entity instance, must be able to guarantee unique values, and must not
contain nulls. - ✔✔unique values
✔✔The default comparison condition for the subtype discriminator attribute is the ____
comparison. - ✔✔equality
✔✔One important inheritance characteristic is that all entity subtypes inherit their ____
key attribute from their supertype. - ✔✔primary
✔✔Which of the following is a specialization hierarchy overlapping constraint scenario
in case of partial completeness? - ✔✔Supertype has optional subtypes.
✔✔The relationships depicted within the specialization hierarchy are sometimes
described in terms of "is-a" relationships. - ✔✔True
✔✔Within a specialization hierarchy, every subtype can have __ supertype{s) to which it
is directly related. - ✔✔only one
✔✔Composite primary keys are particularly useful as identifiers of composite entities,
where each primary key combination is allowed only once in the __ relationship. -
✔✔M:N
✔✔A __ key is a real-world, generally accepted identifier used to uniquely identify
realworld objects. - ✔✔natural
✔✔In specialization hierarchies with multiple levels of supertype and subtypes, a
lowerlevel subtype can inherit only a few of the attributes and relationships from its
upperlevel supertypes. - ✔✔False
✔✔The" __ " characteristic of a primary key states that the selected primary key must
not be composed of any attribute(s) that might be considered a violation. - ✔✔security-
compliant
✔✔__ data refer to data whose values change over time and for which one must keep a
history of the data changes. - ✔✔Time-variant
✔✔According to the "preferably single-attribute" characteristic of a primary key, the
primary key: - ✔✔should have the minimum number of attributes possible.
, ✔✔Specialization is the top-down process of identifying lower-level, more specific entity
subtypes from a higher-level entity supertype. - ✔✔True
✔✔The function of the primary key is to describe an entity. - ✔✔False
✔✔When selecting a foreign key placement for a 1:1 relationship, place the PK of the
entity on the mandatory side in the entity on the optional side as a FK, and make the FK
mandatory when ____. - ✔✔one side is mandatory and the other side is optional
✔✔At the implementation level, the supertype and its subtype(s) depicted in the
specialization hierarchy maintain a 1:1 relationship. - ✔✔True
✔✔The completeness constraint can be partial or total. - ✔✔True
✔✔____ expresses the minimum and maximum number of entity occurrences
associated with one occurrence of the related entity. - ✔✔Cardinality
✔✔The conceptual model can handle ____ relationships and multivalued attributes. -
✔✔M:N
✔✔Date attributes contain calendar dates stored in a special format known as the ____
date format. - ✔✔Julian
✔✔The SELECT operator yields a vertical subset of a table. - ✔✔False
✔✔A __ is any key that uniquely identifies each row. - ✔✔superkey
✔✔If an employee within an EMPLOYEE entity has a relationship with itself, that
relationship is known as a __ relationship. - ✔✔recursive
✔✔As rare as 1:1 relationships should be, certain conditions absolutely require their
use. - ✔✔True
✔✔The practical significance of taking the logical view of a database is that it serves as
a reminder of the simple file concept of data storage. - ✔✔True
✔✔To simplify the conceptual design, most higher-order relationships are decomposed
into appropriate equivalent __ relationships whenever possible. - ✔✔binary
✔✔The Crow's Foot notation is less implementation-oriented than the Chen notation. -
✔✔False
ANSWERS GRADED A+
✔✔The" __ " characteristic of a primary key states that the primary key must uniquely
identify each entity instance, must be able to guarantee unique values, and must not
contain nulls. - ✔✔unique values
✔✔The default comparison condition for the subtype discriminator attribute is the ____
comparison. - ✔✔equality
✔✔One important inheritance characteristic is that all entity subtypes inherit their ____
key attribute from their supertype. - ✔✔primary
✔✔Which of the following is a specialization hierarchy overlapping constraint scenario
in case of partial completeness? - ✔✔Supertype has optional subtypes.
✔✔The relationships depicted within the specialization hierarchy are sometimes
described in terms of "is-a" relationships. - ✔✔True
✔✔Within a specialization hierarchy, every subtype can have __ supertype{s) to which it
is directly related. - ✔✔only one
✔✔Composite primary keys are particularly useful as identifiers of composite entities,
where each primary key combination is allowed only once in the __ relationship. -
✔✔M:N
✔✔A __ key is a real-world, generally accepted identifier used to uniquely identify
realworld objects. - ✔✔natural
✔✔In specialization hierarchies with multiple levels of supertype and subtypes, a
lowerlevel subtype can inherit only a few of the attributes and relationships from its
upperlevel supertypes. - ✔✔False
✔✔The" __ " characteristic of a primary key states that the selected primary key must
not be composed of any attribute(s) that might be considered a violation. - ✔✔security-
compliant
✔✔__ data refer to data whose values change over time and for which one must keep a
history of the data changes. - ✔✔Time-variant
✔✔According to the "preferably single-attribute" characteristic of a primary key, the
primary key: - ✔✔should have the minimum number of attributes possible.
, ✔✔Specialization is the top-down process of identifying lower-level, more specific entity
subtypes from a higher-level entity supertype. - ✔✔True
✔✔The function of the primary key is to describe an entity. - ✔✔False
✔✔When selecting a foreign key placement for a 1:1 relationship, place the PK of the
entity on the mandatory side in the entity on the optional side as a FK, and make the FK
mandatory when ____. - ✔✔one side is mandatory and the other side is optional
✔✔At the implementation level, the supertype and its subtype(s) depicted in the
specialization hierarchy maintain a 1:1 relationship. - ✔✔True
✔✔The completeness constraint can be partial or total. - ✔✔True
✔✔____ expresses the minimum and maximum number of entity occurrences
associated with one occurrence of the related entity. - ✔✔Cardinality
✔✔The conceptual model can handle ____ relationships and multivalued attributes. -
✔✔M:N
✔✔Date attributes contain calendar dates stored in a special format known as the ____
date format. - ✔✔Julian
✔✔The SELECT operator yields a vertical subset of a table. - ✔✔False
✔✔A __ is any key that uniquely identifies each row. - ✔✔superkey
✔✔If an employee within an EMPLOYEE entity has a relationship with itself, that
relationship is known as a __ relationship. - ✔✔recursive
✔✔As rare as 1:1 relationships should be, certain conditions absolutely require their
use. - ✔✔True
✔✔The practical significance of taking the logical view of a database is that it serves as
a reminder of the simple file concept of data storage. - ✔✔True
✔✔To simplify the conceptual design, most higher-order relationships are decomposed
into appropriate equivalent __ relationships whenever possible. - ✔✔binary
✔✔The Crow's Foot notation is less implementation-oriented than the Chen notation. -
✔✔False
