NURS 334 Final Exam Questions With Complete Solutions
Environment metaparadigm
Each conceptual framework reflected an understanding that the
person is part of and interacts with a complex environmental
system
This environment may involve person's family & social ties,
community, health care system, and geopolitical issues that
affect health
health metaparadigm
Nursing exists within social mandate to improve health of both
the individual & society, so the early theorists struggled to
articulate the overarching goal that drives nursing practice
Health is more than the presence/absence of disease, it's an ideal
state of optimal health or total well-being toward which all
individuals could strive
Nursing metaparadigm
Each early conceptual framework included a unique definition
of nursing that linked a view of the client with an understanding
of the person's environment, life, and health goals.
Philosophy of nursing science
early theorists were applying traditional scientific ways of
understanding how knowledge works without fully appreciating
the limitations of science, especially in relation to complex
problems
,Thomas Khun
challenged the traditional notion of science as a logical
progression of discoveries, arguing that major scientific
developments occurred only when scientists thought about
problems in radically new ways.
-these ways of thinking departed from the traditional to such an
extent that an entirely different world view, or 'paradigm shift'
developed
-scientific advances happen when people think creatively and
look beyond established norms
paradigms
a set of assumptions, theories, and perspectives that make up a
way of understanding social reality
chaos theory
-complexity science
-Originated from observations in physics that predictable
patterns of existence among factors that couldn't be predicted
scientifically, this theory created new way of approaching
complex situations
Rejecting simple cause and effect relationships used in
traditional science, chaos theory led to complexity theory
dynamic and interactive phenomena are reduced to the smallest
properties that can be observed within their natural context so
that their interactions can be interpreted with as little
interference as possible from prior assumptions.
Ie sensitive weather systems, minor variations in conditions, can
explain hurricanes
, Carper
-'ways of knowing': refer to patterns of knowledge application in
nursing practice
-Articulated critical role in nursing practice not only for
empirical science but for ethical, personal, and aesthetic
knowledge
this idea has become foundational to our understanding of the
multiple lenses nursing uses to interpret complex phenomena
-scientists later added socio political knowledge, emancipatory
knowing, critical thinking to central list of ways of knowing that
are essential to nursing
Nursing diagnosis theory
1970s, some scholars noted a need for precise language to
categorize & document nursing diagnoses into a taxonomy
Resulting in NANDA -North American Nursing Diagnoses
Association
Nightingale theoretical model
practice observations, epidemiology
create environment conducive to healing `
Peplau theoretical model
Sullivan's theory of interpersonal relations
-nursing as interpersonal process, udnerstanding behaviour
Henderson theoretical model
Environment metaparadigm
Each conceptual framework reflected an understanding that the
person is part of and interacts with a complex environmental
system
This environment may involve person's family & social ties,
community, health care system, and geopolitical issues that
affect health
health metaparadigm
Nursing exists within social mandate to improve health of both
the individual & society, so the early theorists struggled to
articulate the overarching goal that drives nursing practice
Health is more than the presence/absence of disease, it's an ideal
state of optimal health or total well-being toward which all
individuals could strive
Nursing metaparadigm
Each early conceptual framework included a unique definition
of nursing that linked a view of the client with an understanding
of the person's environment, life, and health goals.
Philosophy of nursing science
early theorists were applying traditional scientific ways of
understanding how knowledge works without fully appreciating
the limitations of science, especially in relation to complex
problems
,Thomas Khun
challenged the traditional notion of science as a logical
progression of discoveries, arguing that major scientific
developments occurred only when scientists thought about
problems in radically new ways.
-these ways of thinking departed from the traditional to such an
extent that an entirely different world view, or 'paradigm shift'
developed
-scientific advances happen when people think creatively and
look beyond established norms
paradigms
a set of assumptions, theories, and perspectives that make up a
way of understanding social reality
chaos theory
-complexity science
-Originated from observations in physics that predictable
patterns of existence among factors that couldn't be predicted
scientifically, this theory created new way of approaching
complex situations
Rejecting simple cause and effect relationships used in
traditional science, chaos theory led to complexity theory
dynamic and interactive phenomena are reduced to the smallest
properties that can be observed within their natural context so
that their interactions can be interpreted with as little
interference as possible from prior assumptions.
Ie sensitive weather systems, minor variations in conditions, can
explain hurricanes
, Carper
-'ways of knowing': refer to patterns of knowledge application in
nursing practice
-Articulated critical role in nursing practice not only for
empirical science but for ethical, personal, and aesthetic
knowledge
this idea has become foundational to our understanding of the
multiple lenses nursing uses to interpret complex phenomena
-scientists later added socio political knowledge, emancipatory
knowing, critical thinking to central list of ways of knowing that
are essential to nursing
Nursing diagnosis theory
1970s, some scholars noted a need for precise language to
categorize & document nursing diagnoses into a taxonomy
Resulting in NANDA -North American Nursing Diagnoses
Association
Nightingale theoretical model
practice observations, epidemiology
create environment conducive to healing `
Peplau theoretical model
Sullivan's theory of interpersonal relations
-nursing as interpersonal process, udnerstanding behaviour
Henderson theoretical model
