2026 With Fully Explained
Studyguide
Osmolality - correct answer.💖💖💖💖✔<<<<<amount of particles within a fluid contributing to a
fluid's concentration
- High osmolality: hypertonic solution
- balanced osmolality: isotonic solution
- Low osmolality: hypotonic solution
Hydrostatic pressure - correct answer.💖💖💖💖✔<<<<<A force pressing outward against a surface
Osmotic pressure - correct answer.💖💖💖💖✔<<<<<an inward pulling pressure towards a higher
concentration
Diffusion - correct answer.💖💖💖💖✔<<<<<passive movement of particles down a concentration
gradient
Active Transport - correct answer.💖💖💖💖✔<<<<<using energy to move electrolytes across cell
membrane
Fluid moves to the cell in the following order: - correct answer.💖💖💖💖✔<<<<<1. Vascular
System
2. Capillary Membrane
, 3. Interstitial Area
4. Cell Membrane
Osmolality Imbalance - correct answer.💖💖💖💖✔<<<<<the blood is too concentrated/dilute
Labs to Measure Osmolality - correct answer.💖💖💖💖✔<<<<<Osmolality Specific- most
accurate!!
Urine Specific Gravity-
Hgb & Hct- the higher the Hct, the higher the osmolality
Sodium levels- water follows salt!! If sodium is elevated, then osmolality is elevated
Types of IV Fluids - correct answer.💖💖💖💖✔<<<<<
Hypertonic Solution - correct answer.💖💖💖💖✔<<<<<- Concentrated and usually given when
Blood Osmolality is Low
- Combination of Dextrose & Saline together W/ Water makes these fluids hypertonic
- Help draw fluid back into the Vascular Space= decreasing edema
- Low Blood Osmolality + Hypertonic Fluid = Isotonic Blood
- D5 NaCl
- D5 LR
- D5 0.45% NaCl
Isotonic Solution - correct answer.💖💖💖💖✔<<<<<- Used for dehydration
- Equal balance Particles and Water
- Normal Blood Osmolality + Isotonic Fluid = No change in Isotonic Blood