introduction to Clinical Pharmacology 11th Edition Test Bank by Visovsky chapter 1 to 4 compete questions & correct verified answers

1. What is the highest priority action for an LPN during a patient's initial assess- ment in a long-term care facility?: Collect data about the patient and the patient's health condition. 2. What should the LPN do during the planning stage of the nursing process related to prescribed drugs?: Determine how much the patient understands about his drug. 3. What part of the nursing process are you engaging in when teaching a patient about potential adverse effects of a drug?: Evaluation 4. What is an example of subjective data?: The patient states she has pain in her left arm. 5. What provides an example of objective data?: Grimacing with movement is present during the examination. 6. What is the best action for a nurse if a patient's blood pressure is 90/50 mm Hg before giving a drug?: Hold the drug and report the blood pressure to the RN. 7. What indicates a clear understanding of objective assessment data by the LPN?: Compilation of past laboratory results and x-ray reports. 8. What stage of the nursing process corresponds to reviewing a patient's daily blood pressure recordings?: Evaluation 9. What stage of the nursing process corresponds to giving drugs to assigned patients?: Implementation 10. What should you do if a drug order is unclear?: Call the healthcare provider to clarify the order. 11. What describes a rash and shortness of breath after taking an antibiotic?: - Adverse ettect 12. What should a nurse do first if a patient states they are allergic to a scheduled drug?: Assess the patient's allergic history and notify the healthcare provider. 13. What action should be taken if a patient reports a previous rash from an antibiotic?: Notify the registered nurse or healthcare provider. 14. What is the priority assessment before giving a drug by mouth?: Make sure the patient can swallow. 15. What are the rights of giving a drug?: Right patient, right drug, right time, right dose, right route, right documentation, right reason, right response, right to refuse. 16. Which responsibilities are within the scope of an LPN/LVN?: Assessment of admission vitals to report to the admitting RN and management of patient care under RN supervision. 17. What indicates a clear understanding of subjective assessment data?: Chief complaint of chest pain in the patient's own words. 18. What is the chief complaint of the patient?: Chest pain in the patient's own words. 19. What are subjective data in patient assessment?: Information given by the patient or family, like concerns or symptoms felt by the patient. 20. What are objective data in patient assessment?: Pulse rate, recent ECG, laboratory test results, and lung auscultation obtained through physical examination. 21. What information should be collected in a patient's drug history?: Current prescription drugs, over-the-counter drugs, conditions requiring drugs, alcohol use, drug allergies, and use of herbal supplements. 22. What should you do if a liquid narcotic is accidentally spilled?: Ask another nurse to cosign the inventory record describing the situation. 23. What action should be taken after receiving a narcotic count from the previ- ous shift?: Recount the narcotics again with a nurse from the previous shift. 24. What should you do with leftover controlled substances?: Have another nurse witness wasting the leftover drug and document according to policy. 25. What is the best response to an elderly patient requesting an OTC cough preparation?: Contact the healthcare provider for an order before giving the drug. 26. What is an example of a single drug order?: Tramadol 50 mg orally as needed for pain. 27. When should a stat order be given?: Immediately. 28. What should you do if you give a drug to the wrong patient?: Evaluate the patient's condition and notify the healthcare provider. 29. Which drugs are considered high alert drugs?: Insulin, Heparin, Potassium. 30. What may indicate possible drug diversion on a unit?: A patient receiving oral antibiotics has an excess number of pills. 31. What is drug diversion?: The illegal transfer of regulated drugs from the patient for whom it was prescribed to another person. 32. What should you do if a patient continually reports pain despite appropriate drug treatment?: Suspect drug diversion. 33. What actions should you take before giving a drug mixed into food or drink?: Inform the patient or family, document the mixing, and inform the healthcare provider. 34. What is the priority action after discovering a drug administration error?: - Check the patient and assess vital signs. 35. What steps should you take to identify possible drug errors in a patient's drug orders?: Call the pharmacy, clarify unreadable orders, reconcile the drug list with an old record, and check original orders. 36. What levels of regulation must you adhere to when giving drugs to a pa- tient?: State, federal, and institutional regulations. 37. What special regulations apply for the control of narcotics?: Narcotics must be stored in a locked cabinet, an inventory must be kept and verified by two nurses, and you must sign out every narcotic used. 38. What steps should you take to reconcile a narcotics inventory discrepancy?- : Notify the nursing supervisor and pharmacy, identify if any nurse forgot to record narcotics, check drug records for unrecorded narcotics, and notify security if drug diversion is suspected. 39. Which is always true regarding the generic name for a drug?: The generic name is the same in any country. 40. What is the generic name of a drug?: The common drug name used, the same in all countries. 41. How is the generic name different from the trade name of drugs?: The trade name is registered to a specific drug manufacturer. 42. What happens when a drug attaches to a receptor site?: The drug activates the receptor site. 43. What is the expected response from administering an opioid antagonist like naloxone?: There is no activation of cell receptors. 44. How does a drug agonist work?: It attaches to the receptor site to activate it. 45. Why is water important when taking an oral drug?: Water helps to dissolve the drug. 46. Why is an antibiotic given intravenously instead of orally?: It can act faster if given by IV. 47. What is the process by which drug molecules move from higher to lower concentration?: Dittusion. 48. Why is a patient with liver disease receiving a drug intravenously?: Liver disease impairs the transformation of a drug into its active form. 49. What effect does grapefruit juice have on cholesterol-lowering drugs?: It can reduce the ettectiveness of the drug. 50. If you give a patient 400 mg of a drug with a half-life of 2 hours, when will 100 mg remain?: 4:00 p.m. 51. What is the difference between a side effect and an adverse reaction?: Side ettects are mild, and adverse ettects are severe. 52. What might a patient experience if they feel sleepy after taking a back pain drug?: An expected drug side ettect. 53. What is the expected side effect of many pain medications?: Sleepiness 54. What type of drug reaction is indicated by hives, itching, and facial swelling after penicillin injection?: Hypersensitivity reaction 55. What should be taught to women of childbearing age regarding antibiotics and birth control?: Antibiotics interact with birth control pills making them less ettective. 56. What is the effect of probenecid when given with penicillin?: Additive ettect 57. What is the best response for a patient taking an antianxiety drug who drinks alcohol daily?: Drinking any alcohol with this drug can have a harmful additive ettect. 58. What effect should be expected from an oral anticoagulant in a patient with liver failure?: The ettect of the anticoagulant will be prolonged and pose a risk for bleeding. 59. What is true regarding pain relief for a patient who drinks alcohol daily and is prescribed opioids?: Daily alcohol intake can increase the activity of metabolic enzymes in this patient. 60. Why are oral drugs poorly absorbed in neonates?: Oral drugs are poorly absorbed due to the absence of gastric acid and slow gastrointestinal transit. 61. Which muscle should be used for rapid absorption of methylprednisolone?- : Deltoid muscle 62. What processes are involved in the absorption of oral drugs?: Dittusion, filtration, and osmosis. 63. What factors influence drug distribution?: Drug binding, tissue type, cell membrane penetra- tion, and tissue perfusion. 64. What factors affect drug distribution in the body?: Tissue perfusion, types of tissue (bone, fat, muscle), and the ability of the drug to penetrate cell membranes. 65. What are the routes for excretion of drug metabolites from the body?: Feces, urine, and breast milk.