Rau's Respiratory Care Pharmacology 11th Ed. Study Guide: 500+ Q&A, Drug Administration & Critical Care Review

,CH 01: Introduction to Respiratory Care Pharmacology
Gardenhire: Rau’s Respiratory Care Pharmacology, 11th Edition

MULTIPLE RESPONSE

1. The listing of a drug and the amount of drug are found in which part of a prescription?
a. Superscription
b. Inscription
c. Subscription
d. Transcription (signature)
PRECISE ANSWER:-B
Reasoning :->>>The superscription directs the registered pharmacist to take the drug listed and preparethe
drug; the inscription lists the name and quantity of the drug being prescribed; the subscriptionprovides
directions to the registered pharmacist for preparing the drug; and the transcription, or signature, is the
information the registered pharmacist writes on the label as instructions to the patient.

REFERENCE: p. 7

2. If generic substitution is permitted on a prescription:
a. drug from only one manufacturer must be given.
b. drug formulation may be changed by the registered pharmacist.
c. any manufactured brand of the drug listed may be given.
d. drug strength may be changed by the registered pharmacist.
PRECISE ANSWER:-C
Reasoning :->>>A generic substitution allows any brand of a drug to be given, but the registered pharmacist
may not change a drug formulation without specific permission from the prescribing physician. A physician
can indicate to the registered pharmacist that generic substitution is permitted in the filling of the prescription.
In such a case, the registered pharmacist may provide any manufacturer’s version of the prescribed drug, rather
than a specific brand. However, the registered pharmacist may not change thestrength of a drug without
specific permission from the prescribing physician.

REFERENCE: p. 8

3. The study of drug, including their origin, properties, and interactions with living organisms, is known as
a. pharmacogenetics.
b. pharmacology.
c. therapeutics.
d. toxicology.
PRECISE ANSWER:-B
Reasoning:->>>Pharmacogenetics is the study of the interrelationship of genetic differences and drug effects.
Pharmacology is the study of drug (chemicals), including their origin, properties, and interactionswith living
organisms.
Therapeutics is the art of treating illness with drug. Toxicology is the study of toxic substances and their
pharmacologic actions, including antidotes and poison control.

REFERENCE: p. 3

4. The brand name given to a drug by a particular manufacturer is known as the drug’s
a. chemical name.
b. generic name. c.official name. d.trade name.
PRECISE ANSWER:-D
Reasoning:->>>The chemical name indicates the drug’s chemical structure. The generic name is assignedby the
United States

,Adopted Name Council and is usually based loosely on the drug’s chemical structure. The official name isthe
name given to the generic name once a drug becomes fully approved for general use and is admitted to the
United States Pharmacopeia–National Formulary. The trade name is the brand, or proprietary, name given by a
particular manufacturer. For example, the generic drug albuterol is currently marketed by Schering-Plough as
Proventil® and by GlaxoSmithKline as Ventolin®.

REFERENCE: p. 5

5. To find official information about drug (according to the FDA), you need to go to the
a. Physician’s Desk Referenceerence (PDR).
b. Basic & Clinical Pharmacology.
c. United States Pharmacopeia–National Formulary (USP-NF).
d. Goodman & Gilman’s The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics.
PRECISE ANSWER:-C
Reasoning:->>>Because the PDR is prepared by drug manufacturers themselves, it may be lacking in
objectivity. Basic & Clinical Pharmacology covers only general pharmacologic principles and drug classes.
Goodman & Gilman’s The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics covers only general pharmacologic
principles and drug classes. The USP-NF is a book of standards containing information about drugs, dietary
supplements, and medical devices. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA)considers this book the
official standard for drug marketed in the United States.

REFERENCE: p. 5



6. Drug may be obtained from which of the following sources?
a. Plants
b. Animals
c. Minerals
d. Plants, animals, and minerals
PRECISE ANSWER:-D
Reasoning:->>>Drug may be obtained from plants (e.g., digitalis), animals (e.g., insulin), and minerals(e.g.,
magnesium sulfate).

REFERENCE: p. 5

7. The branch of the U.S. government responsible for the process of approving drug for clinical use is the
a. USAN Council.
b. FDA.
c. USP-NF.
d. PDR.
PRECISE ANSWER:-B
Reasoning:->>>The United States Adopted Name (USAN) Council is responsible for assigning a generic
name to a chemical that appears to have therapeutic use. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is
responsible for the process of approving drug for clinical use. The process by which a chemical movesfrom the
status of a promising potential drug to one fully approved by the FDA for general clinical use is,on average,
long, costly, and complex. Cost estimates vary, but in the 1980s it took an average of 13 to 15 yearsfrom
chemical synthesis to marketing approval by the FDA, with a cost of $350 million in the United States.
The USP-NF is a book
of standards for drugs, dietary supplements, and medical devices. The PDR is a source of druginformation
prepared by drug manufacturers.

REFERENCE: p. 4

, 8. An orphan drug is a drug that is
a. used for rare illness.
b. used for common illness.
c. inexpensive to produce.
d. not claimed by a drug manufacturer.
PRECISE ANSWER:-A
Reasoning:->>>An orphan drug is a drug or biologic product for the diagnosis or treatment of arare illness.
Rare is defined as a illness that affects less than 200,000 persons in the United States.
Alternatively, a drug may be designated as an orphan if used for a illness that affects more than 200,000
persons in the United States but for which there is no reasonable expectation of recovering the cost of drug
development. Orphan drug are often quite expensive to produce because they have a limitedmarket in which
to recoup the initial investment.

REFERENCE: p. 6 | p. 7

9. Which of the following health care practitioners are authorized to write a prescription in the United States?
1. Physicians
2. Chiropractors
3. Dentists
4. Osteopaths
5. Veterinarians

a. 1 only
b. 1, 2, and 3 only
c. 1, 3, 4, and 5 only
d. 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5
PRECISE ANSWER:-C
Reasoning:->>>A prescription may be written by a physician, osteopath, dentist, and veterinarian and some
other practitioners but not by chiropractors.

REFERENCE: p. 7

10. Drug that are available to the general public without a prescription are known as
a. illegal drug.
b. generic drug.
c. investigational drug.
d. over-the-counter drug.
PRECISE ANSWER:-D
Reasoning:->>>Illegal drug are not legally available to the general public, and many generic drugrequire a
prescription. The use of investigational drug is very closely monitored, and they are not available to the general
public. Drug available to the general public without a prescription are referenceerred to as over-the-counter
(OTC) products.

REFERENCE: p. 8