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NR 565 ADVANCED PHARMACOLOGY (BSN/MSN TRACK)
ACTUAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Pharmacokinetics & Pharmacodynamics (1–20)
1. Which phase of pharmacokinetics involves drug absorption
into the bloodstream?
A. Distribution
B. Metabolism
C. Absorption
D. Excretion
Answer: C
Rationale: Absorption is the process by which drugs enter
systemic circulation.
2. Which organ is primarily responsible for drug metabolism?
A. Kidney
B. Liver
C. Lungs
D. Heart
Answer: B
Rationale: The liver metabolizes drugs via enzymatic processes,
mainly CYP450 system.
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3. Which process determines the intensity of a drug’s effect?
A. Pharmacodynamics
B. Absorption
C. Excretion
D. Distribution
Answer: A
Rationale: Pharmacodynamics describes drug action at target
receptors and its effect on the body.
4. Which factor affects drug distribution?
A. Protein binding
B. Gastric pH
C. Renal clearance
D. IV infusion rate
Answer: A
Rationale: Drugs bound to plasma proteins cannot cross
membranes, affecting distribution.
5. A drug with a high first-pass effect is:
A. Mostly metabolized in liver before systemic circulation
B. Excreted unchanged in urine
C. Highly bioavailable orally
D. Eliminated through lungs
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Answer: A
Rationale: First-pass metabolism reduces bioavailability for
orally administered drugs.
6. Which term describes the time it takes for drug concentration
to reduce by 50%?
A. Half-life
B. Peak level
C. Trough level
D. Bioavailability
Answer: A
Rationale: Half-life indicates how long the drug stays in the
body and guides dosing intervals.
7. Which route bypasses first-pass metabolism?
A. Oral
B. Sublingual
C. Enteral
D. Gastric tube
Answer: B
Rationale: Sublingual administration allows absorption directly
into systemic circulation.
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8. Which organ primarily excretes drugs and metabolites?
A. Kidney
B. Liver
C. Lungs
D. Skin
Answer: A
Rationale: Renal excretion removes most drugs and their
metabolites from the body.
9. Which pharmacokinetic parameter is influenced by renal
impairment?
A. Drug clearance
B. Half-life only
C. Bioavailability only
D. Absorption only
Answer: A
Rationale: Impaired renal function reduces clearance,
increasing drug accumulation.
10. The peak plasma level represents:
A. Maximum drug concentration after dosing
B. Minimum drug concentration
NR 565 ADVANCED PHARMACOLOGY (BSN/MSN TRACK)
ACTUAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Pharmacokinetics & Pharmacodynamics (1–20)
1. Which phase of pharmacokinetics involves drug absorption
into the bloodstream?
A. Distribution
B. Metabolism
C. Absorption
D. Excretion
Answer: C
Rationale: Absorption is the process by which drugs enter
systemic circulation.
2. Which organ is primarily responsible for drug metabolism?
A. Kidney
B. Liver
C. Lungs
D. Heart
Answer: B
Rationale: The liver metabolizes drugs via enzymatic processes,
mainly CYP450 system.
,2
3. Which process determines the intensity of a drug’s effect?
A. Pharmacodynamics
B. Absorption
C. Excretion
D. Distribution
Answer: A
Rationale: Pharmacodynamics describes drug action at target
receptors and its effect on the body.
4. Which factor affects drug distribution?
A. Protein binding
B. Gastric pH
C. Renal clearance
D. IV infusion rate
Answer: A
Rationale: Drugs bound to plasma proteins cannot cross
membranes, affecting distribution.
5. A drug with a high first-pass effect is:
A. Mostly metabolized in liver before systemic circulation
B. Excreted unchanged in urine
C. Highly bioavailable orally
D. Eliminated through lungs
,3
Answer: A
Rationale: First-pass metabolism reduces bioavailability for
orally administered drugs.
6. Which term describes the time it takes for drug concentration
to reduce by 50%?
A. Half-life
B. Peak level
C. Trough level
D. Bioavailability
Answer: A
Rationale: Half-life indicates how long the drug stays in the
body and guides dosing intervals.
7. Which route bypasses first-pass metabolism?
A. Oral
B. Sublingual
C. Enteral
D. Gastric tube
Answer: B
Rationale: Sublingual administration allows absorption directly
into systemic circulation.
, 4
8. Which organ primarily excretes drugs and metabolites?
A. Kidney
B. Liver
C. Lungs
D. Skin
Answer: A
Rationale: Renal excretion removes most drugs and their
metabolites from the body.
9. Which pharmacokinetic parameter is influenced by renal
impairment?
A. Drug clearance
B. Half-life only
C. Bioavailability only
D. Absorption only
Answer: A
Rationale: Impaired renal function reduces clearance,
increasing drug accumulation.
10. The peak plasma level represents:
A. Maximum drug concentration after dosing
B. Minimum drug concentration
