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Patho Week 6 Questions and Answers Latest
Update
humoral stimuli Ans: control of hormonal release in response to changes in
extracellular fluid or ion level
hormonal stimuli Ans: release of hormones in response to hormones
released by the endocrine system
neural stimuli Ans: release of hormones in response to neural stimuli
stress response system explained Ans: Hypothalamus releases
corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH), CRH alerts pituitary gland to release
adrenocorticotropin hormone (ACTH), leads to hormones being released by
other endocrine glands such as the adrenal glands to release more cortisol
hormonal levels are primarily controlled through Ans: negative feedback
loops
Hypothalamus Ans: main control center for many hormone systems in the
body. anterior and posterior pituitary glands
positive feedback loop Ans: - more and more hormones get released
- labor (oxytocin)
negative feedback loop Ans: - happens to minimize the change or output
primary hormone deficiency Ans: adrenal glad does not produce enough
cortisol
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secondary hormone deficiency Ans: The hypothalamus gland fails to
produce enough corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) or the pituitary
gland fails to produce enough adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), which
both lead to insufficient cortisol.
Addisons disease Ans: autoimmune reaction that destroys the gland.
Decreased cortisol and aldosterone production.
- low sodium
- high potassium
- dehydration
- weight loss
Acromegaly Ans: increased growth hormone (GH). caused by benign tumor
in pituitary gland
cushing syndrome Ans: increased cortisol and ACTH secretion. Caused by
excess of glucocorticoids from long term steroid use, pituitary tumor or
adrenal adenoma
diabetes melitus Ans: lack of insulin. Pancreas does not make enough, or
insulin not working properly
Hashimoto's thyroiditis Ans: autoimmune disorder, decline in thyroid
hormone production (hypothyroidism)
Hypoparathyroidism Ans: low levels of parathyroid hormones (PTH)
hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism Ans: decrease or increase of thyroid
production
polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) Ans: increased androgens, ovaries
producing high levels of androgens
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radiation effects the Ans: thyroid
sleep schedule effects Ans: cortisol
arsenic effects the Ans: glucocorticoids
BPA plastic effects Ans: estrogen
symptoms os addison's disease Ans: -hyperpigmentation
-vitiligo
-nausea
-diarrhea
-vomiting
-constipation
-abdominal pain
-low BP
-weakness
-weight loss
-fever, syncope
-hypoglycemia
-hyponatremia
symptoms of hypothyroidism Ans: -thinning dry hair
© 2025 All rights reserved
Patho Week 6 Questions and Answers Latest
Update
humoral stimuli Ans: control of hormonal release in response to changes in
extracellular fluid or ion level
hormonal stimuli Ans: release of hormones in response to hormones
released by the endocrine system
neural stimuli Ans: release of hormones in response to neural stimuli
stress response system explained Ans: Hypothalamus releases
corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH), CRH alerts pituitary gland to release
adrenocorticotropin hormone (ACTH), leads to hormones being released by
other endocrine glands such as the adrenal glands to release more cortisol
hormonal levels are primarily controlled through Ans: negative feedback
loops
Hypothalamus Ans: main control center for many hormone systems in the
body. anterior and posterior pituitary glands
positive feedback loop Ans: - more and more hormones get released
- labor (oxytocin)
negative feedback loop Ans: - happens to minimize the change or output
primary hormone deficiency Ans: adrenal glad does not produce enough
cortisol
© 2025 All rights reserved
, 2 | Page
secondary hormone deficiency Ans: The hypothalamus gland fails to
produce enough corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) or the pituitary
gland fails to produce enough adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), which
both lead to insufficient cortisol.
Addisons disease Ans: autoimmune reaction that destroys the gland.
Decreased cortisol and aldosterone production.
- low sodium
- high potassium
- dehydration
- weight loss
Acromegaly Ans: increased growth hormone (GH). caused by benign tumor
in pituitary gland
cushing syndrome Ans: increased cortisol and ACTH secretion. Caused by
excess of glucocorticoids from long term steroid use, pituitary tumor or
adrenal adenoma
diabetes melitus Ans: lack of insulin. Pancreas does not make enough, or
insulin not working properly
Hashimoto's thyroiditis Ans: autoimmune disorder, decline in thyroid
hormone production (hypothyroidism)
Hypoparathyroidism Ans: low levels of parathyroid hormones (PTH)
hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism Ans: decrease or increase of thyroid
production
polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) Ans: increased androgens, ovaries
producing high levels of androgens
© 2025 All rights reserved
, 3 | Page
radiation effects the Ans: thyroid
sleep schedule effects Ans: cortisol
arsenic effects the Ans: glucocorticoids
BPA plastic effects Ans: estrogen
symptoms os addison's disease Ans: -hyperpigmentation
-vitiligo
-nausea
-diarrhea
-vomiting
-constipation
-abdominal pain
-low BP
-weakness
-weight loss
-fever, syncope
-hypoglycemia
-hyponatremia
symptoms of hypothyroidism Ans: -thinning dry hair
© 2025 All rights reserved
