RUTGERS BIO CHAPTER BIOLOGICAL MOLECULES

Biological molecules


I Importance of carbon
tetravalent


compound compound in which carbon is bonded to
c or H


Carbon Chains Skeleton
of organicmolecules

The Structure determines the function of the molecule

Functional group A set of molecules that changes thefunction of

the compound its added to R



PIYT.IE
Ifgcasontuyarosen
nonpolar uncharged hydrophobic insoluble in 420

, 01
hydroxyl
C Functional groups cmethyla


5672
carbonyl


1 Hydroxyl group R OH soft GAmino
Fearboxy


Alcohols
OH O H
R
Hydrophilic likeswater


Polar Oxygenis highlyelectronegative

i Itspolar wantsmoreelectrons
Neutral Acidity PolarlikesPolar Hydrophilic




2 Carbonyl group Cno
Polar
Hydrophilic but less than OH
Neutral acidity
Can be aldehyde or ketone depending on location of C 0




3 Carboxyl group COOH

Ht easily released
Polar
Hydrophilic

Acidic

Present in amino acids