Digestive System Anatomy and
Physiology Exam Questions and Answers
Graded A+
Gastrointestinal Tract - Correct answer-Breaks down food, prepares it for
absorption, and eliminates waste
Bilirubin - Correct answer-orange-yellow pigment in bile; formed by the
breakdown of hemoglobin when red blood cells are destroyed
Bolus - Correct answer-A term used to describe food after it has been chewed and
mixed with saliva
Sphincter - Correct answer-circular ring of muscle that constricts a passage or
closes a natural opening
Triglycerides - Correct answer-organic compound, a true fat, that is made of one
glycerol and three fatty acids
Mouth - Correct answer-where digestion begins, formed by *bucca*; breaks down
food mechanically and chemically forming *bolus*
Bucca - Correct answer-Cheeks, lips, teeth, tongue, and hard and soft palates
, Salivary Glands - Correct answer-Glands of the mouth that produce saliva, a
digestive secretion that helps begin chemical breakdown of food
Tongue - Correct answer-manipulates food for chewing and swallowing; a taste
organ
Teeth - Correct answer-hard bony projections in the jaws for masticating (chewing)
food, mechanically breaks down food and are covered with enamel
Dentin - Correct answer-provides the main structure of the teeth
Pulp - Correct answer-soft tissue within a tooth, containing nerves and blood
vessels
Gingiva - Correct answer-gums; tissue surrounding the teeth and covering the jaw
Papillae - Correct answer-rough, bumpy elevations on dorsal surface of tongue;
allows 4 basic taste sensations like sweet, sour, salty, and bitter
Hard and Soft Palates - Correct answer-form the roof of the mouth and are lined
with mucous membranes
Pharynx - Correct answer-throat; passageway for food to the esophagus and air to
the lungs
Esophagus - Correct answer-A muscular tube that connects the mouth to the
stomach
Physiology Exam Questions and Answers
Graded A+
Gastrointestinal Tract - Correct answer-Breaks down food, prepares it for
absorption, and eliminates waste
Bilirubin - Correct answer-orange-yellow pigment in bile; formed by the
breakdown of hemoglobin when red blood cells are destroyed
Bolus - Correct answer-A term used to describe food after it has been chewed and
mixed with saliva
Sphincter - Correct answer-circular ring of muscle that constricts a passage or
closes a natural opening
Triglycerides - Correct answer-organic compound, a true fat, that is made of one
glycerol and three fatty acids
Mouth - Correct answer-where digestion begins, formed by *bucca*; breaks down
food mechanically and chemically forming *bolus*
Bucca - Correct answer-Cheeks, lips, teeth, tongue, and hard and soft palates
, Salivary Glands - Correct answer-Glands of the mouth that produce saliva, a
digestive secretion that helps begin chemical breakdown of food
Tongue - Correct answer-manipulates food for chewing and swallowing; a taste
organ
Teeth - Correct answer-hard bony projections in the jaws for masticating (chewing)
food, mechanically breaks down food and are covered with enamel
Dentin - Correct answer-provides the main structure of the teeth
Pulp - Correct answer-soft tissue within a tooth, containing nerves and blood
vessels
Gingiva - Correct answer-gums; tissue surrounding the teeth and covering the jaw
Papillae - Correct answer-rough, bumpy elevations on dorsal surface of tongue;
allows 4 basic taste sensations like sweet, sour, salty, and bitter
Hard and Soft Palates - Correct answer-form the roof of the mouth and are lined
with mucous membranes
Pharynx - Correct answer-throat; passageway for food to the esophagus and air to
the lungs
Esophagus - Correct answer-A muscular tube that connects the mouth to the
stomach
