TEST BANK Pathophysiology (7TH) by Jacquelyn L. Banasik| Complete Guide Chapter 1-54 | 100% Verified Answers

,Chapter 01: Introduction to Pathophysiology
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Banasik: Pathophysiology, 7th Edition
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MULTIPLE CHOICE SW




1. C.Q. was recently exposed to group A hemolytic
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WStreptococcus and subsequently developeda pha SW SW SW SW




ryngeal infection. His clinic examination reveals
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an oral temperature of 102.3F, skin rash, dyspha
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gia, and reddened throat mucosa with multiple p
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ustules. He complains of sore throat, malaise, an
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d joint stiffness. A throat culture is positive for S
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treptococcus, and antibiotics have been prescribe SW SW SW SW SW




d. The etiology of C.Q.’s disease is
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a. a sore throat. SW SW




b. streptococcal infection. SW




c. genetic susceptibility. SW




d. pharyngitis.

ANS: B S W




Etiology refers to the proposed cause or causes of a particular disease process. A sore throat i
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s the manifestation of the disease process. Genetic susceptibility refers to inherited tendenc
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y to develop a disease. Pharyngitis refers to inflammation of the throat and is also a clinical
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manifestation of the disease process. SW SW SW SW




2. A 17-year-old college-
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bound student receives a vaccine against an organism that causes meningitis. This is an
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example of SW




a. primary prevention. SW




b. secondary prevention. SW




c. tertiary prevention. SW




d. disease treatment. SW




ANS: A S W

, Primary prevention is prevention of disease by altering susceptibility or reducing exposuref
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or susceptible individuals by providing vaccination. Secondary prevention is the early detect
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ion, screening, and management of the disease. Tertiary prevention includes rehabilitative a
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nd supportive care and attempts to alleviate disability and restore effective functioning. Dis
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ease treatment involves management of the disease once it has developed.
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3. An obese but otherwise healthy teen is given a prescription for a low-
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calorie diet and exercise program. This is an example of
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a. primary prevention. SW




b. secondary prevention. SW




c. tertiary prevention. SW




d. disease treatment. SW




ANS: B S W




Secondary prevention is the early detection, screening, and management of the disease such
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as prescribing diet and exercise for an individual who has already developed obesity.
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Primary prevention is prevention of disease by altering susceptibility or reducing exposure fo
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r susceptible individuals. Tertiary prevention includes rehabilitative and supportive care and
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attempts to alleviate disability and restore effective functioning. Disease treatment involves
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management of the disease once it has developed.
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4. A patient with high blood pressure who is otherwise healthy is counseled to restrict sodium
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intake. This is an example of SW SW SW SW SW




a. primary prevention. SW




b. secondary prevention. SW




c. tertiary prevention. SW




d. disease treatment. SW




ANS: B S W




Secondary prevention is the early detection, screening, and management of the disease, such
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as by prescribing sodium restriction for high blood pressure. Primary prevention is preventi
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on of disease by altering susceptibility or reducing exposure for susceptible individuals. Ter
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tiary prevention includes rehabilitative and supportive care and attempts to alleviate disabili
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ty and restore effective functioning. Disease treatment involves management of the disease
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once it has developed. SW SW SW




5. After suffering a heart attack, a middle-aged man is counseled to take a cholesterol-
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lowering medication. This is an example of SW SW SW SW SW SW




a. primary prevention. SW




b. secondary prevention. SW




c. tertiary prevention. SW




d. disease treatment. SW




ANS: C S W




Tertiary prevention includes rehabilitative and supportive care and attempts to alleviate disab
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ility and restore effective functioning such as prescribing a cholesterol-lowering
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medication following a heart attack. Primary prevention is prevention of disease by altering su
sceptibility or reducing e x pUoN
s uR
SrIeGfNB
o.C
r sT
usceptibOle individuals. Secondary prevention is the
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S
W S
W S
W S
W

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early detection, screening, and management of the disease. Disease treatment involves manage
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ment of the disease once it has developed.
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6. A patient has been exposed to meningococcal meningitis, but is not yet demonstrating signs
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of this disease. This stage of illness is called the
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, a. prodromal
b. latent
c. sequela
d. convalescence
ANS: B S W




Incubation refers to the interval between exposure of a tissue to an injurious agent and the fi
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rst appearance of signs and symptoms. In infectious diseases, this period is often called the in
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cubation (latent) period. Prodromal refers to the appearance of the first signs and symptoms
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Windicating the onset of a disease. These are often nonspecific, such as headache, malaise, an
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orexia, and nausea, which are associated with a number of different diseases.
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Sequela refers to subsequent pathologic condition resulting from a disease. Convalescence is t
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he stage of recovery after a disease, injury, or surgical operation.
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7. A disease that is native to a particular region is called
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a. epidemic.
b. endemic.
c. pandemic.
d. ethnographic.
ANS: B S W




A disease that is native to a particular region is called endemic. An epidemic is a disease th
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at spreads to many individuals at the same time. Pandemics are epidemics that affect large ge
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ographic regions, perhaps spreading worldwide. SW SW SW SW




8. In general, with aging, organ size and function
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a. increase.
b. decrease.
c. remain the same. SW SW




d. are unknown. SW




ANS: B S W




In general, with aging, organ size and function decrease.
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9. The stage during which the patient functions normally, although the disease processes are
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well established, is referred to as
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a. latent.
b. subclinical.
c. prodromal.
d. convalescence.
ANS: B S W




The stage during which the patient functions normally, although the disease processes are w
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ell established, is called the subclinical stage. The interval between exposure of a tissue to an
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injurious agent and the fN
W st R
irU apSpI
eaNraGnT
ceBo.
fCsigOnM
s and symptoms may be called a latent
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period or, in the case of infectious diseases, an incubation period. The prodromal period, or
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prodrome, refers to the appearance of the first signs and symptoms indicating the onset of a
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disease. Convalescence is the stage of recovery after a disease, injury, or surgical operation.
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MULTIPLE RESPONSE SW




1. Your patient’s red blood cell is slightly elevated today. This might be explained by (Select
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all that apply.)
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a. gender difference. SW