NRNP-6645C-101 Final Exam –
Week 11 | 2026 | 250 Questions |
A+ Verified
,1. A 45-year-old male presents with chest pain and dyspnea. Which initial diagnostic test is
most appropriate to rule out myocardial infarction?
A. Electrocardiogram (ECG)
B. Chest X-ray
C. CT Angiography
D. Echocardiogram
Explanation: An electrocardiogram (ECG) is crucial for assessing myocardial ischemia and infarction. It provides
immediate information about heart rhythm and ischemic changes, making it the most appropriate
initial test in this emergency scenario.
2. In managing a patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), which
medication class is recommended as a first-line treatment?
A. Inhaled corticosteroids
B. Long-acting beta-agonists
C. Anticholinergics
D. Oral steroids
Explanation: Anticholinergics are the first-line treatment for COPD management. They help to relax airway
muscles, improve airflow, and reduce exacerbations, making them a cornerstone in COPD therapy
for symptomatic relief and disease management.
3. A patient with diabetes presents with a foot ulcer. What is the most critical initial action in
management?
A. Start antibiotics
B. Debride the ulcer
C. Assess vascular status
D. Refer to a podiatrist
Explanation: Assessing vascular status is vital in diabetic foot ulcers to determine blood flow adequacy. This step
guides further management, including whether surgical intervention or advanced wound care is
necessary for effective healing.
,4. In a patient experiencing acute asthma exacerbation, which medication should be
administered first?
A. Systemic corticosteroids
B. Short-acting beta-agonists
C. Leukotriene receptor antagonists
D. Anticholinergics
Explanation: Short-acting beta-agonists are the first-line treatment during an acute asthma attack. They provide
rapid bronchodilation, alleviating symptoms and improving airflow, which is critical for immediate
relief in emergency situations.
5. Which of the following assessments is crucial for a patient starting on warfarin therapy?
A. Liver function tests
B. Renal function tests
C. International Normalized Ratio (INR)
D. Complete blood count (CBC)
Explanation: Monitoring the International Normalized Ratio (INR) is essential for patients on warfarin to ensure
effective anticoagulation while minimizing the risk of bleeding, guiding necessary dosage
adjustments for optimal therapeutic outcomes.
6. A patient with hypertension is not reaching target blood pressure despite medication
adherence. What is the most appropriate next step in management?
A. Increase current medication dose
B. Add a second antihypertensive
C. Switch to a different class of antihypertensive
D. Refer to a cardiologist
Explanation: Adding a second antihypertensive medication is often necessary when blood pressure targets are
not met. Combination therapy can provide better control and address different mechanisms of
hypertension for improved patient outcomes.
, 7. In the context of heart failure management, which dietary modification should be
emphasized to patients?
A. Increase sodium intake
B. Increase potassium intake
C. Limit fluid intake
D. Reduce carbohydrate intake
Explanation: Limiting fluid intake is crucial for heart failure patients to prevent fluid overload, which can
exacerbate symptoms and lead to complications. Educating patients about fluid restrictions is a key
aspect of managing their condition effectively.
8. A 60-year-old female with a history of breast cancer presents for follow-up. Which
screening test is essential to monitor for recurrence?
A. Mammogram
B. CT Chest
C. Bone Density Scan
D. Tumor Markers
Explanation: Regular mammograms are essential for early detection of breast cancer recurrence. They help
identify any new or recurrent lesions, guiding timely intervention and management strategies for the
patient.
9. What is the primary goal of palliative care in advanced cancer patients?
A. Cure the disease
B. Prolong life at all costs
C. Enhance quality of life
D. Manage financial issues
Explanation: Palliative care focuses on enhancing the quality of life for patients with advanced cancer by
managing symptoms, providing psychological support, and addressing spiritual concerns, rather than
pursuing curative treatments.
Week 11 | 2026 | 250 Questions |
A+ Verified
,1. A 45-year-old male presents with chest pain and dyspnea. Which initial diagnostic test is
most appropriate to rule out myocardial infarction?
A. Electrocardiogram (ECG)
B. Chest X-ray
C. CT Angiography
D. Echocardiogram
Explanation: An electrocardiogram (ECG) is crucial for assessing myocardial ischemia and infarction. It provides
immediate information about heart rhythm and ischemic changes, making it the most appropriate
initial test in this emergency scenario.
2. In managing a patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), which
medication class is recommended as a first-line treatment?
A. Inhaled corticosteroids
B. Long-acting beta-agonists
C. Anticholinergics
D. Oral steroids
Explanation: Anticholinergics are the first-line treatment for COPD management. They help to relax airway
muscles, improve airflow, and reduce exacerbations, making them a cornerstone in COPD therapy
for symptomatic relief and disease management.
3. A patient with diabetes presents with a foot ulcer. What is the most critical initial action in
management?
A. Start antibiotics
B. Debride the ulcer
C. Assess vascular status
D. Refer to a podiatrist
Explanation: Assessing vascular status is vital in diabetic foot ulcers to determine blood flow adequacy. This step
guides further management, including whether surgical intervention or advanced wound care is
necessary for effective healing.
,4. In a patient experiencing acute asthma exacerbation, which medication should be
administered first?
A. Systemic corticosteroids
B. Short-acting beta-agonists
C. Leukotriene receptor antagonists
D. Anticholinergics
Explanation: Short-acting beta-agonists are the first-line treatment during an acute asthma attack. They provide
rapid bronchodilation, alleviating symptoms and improving airflow, which is critical for immediate
relief in emergency situations.
5. Which of the following assessments is crucial for a patient starting on warfarin therapy?
A. Liver function tests
B. Renal function tests
C. International Normalized Ratio (INR)
D. Complete blood count (CBC)
Explanation: Monitoring the International Normalized Ratio (INR) is essential for patients on warfarin to ensure
effective anticoagulation while minimizing the risk of bleeding, guiding necessary dosage
adjustments for optimal therapeutic outcomes.
6. A patient with hypertension is not reaching target blood pressure despite medication
adherence. What is the most appropriate next step in management?
A. Increase current medication dose
B. Add a second antihypertensive
C. Switch to a different class of antihypertensive
D. Refer to a cardiologist
Explanation: Adding a second antihypertensive medication is often necessary when blood pressure targets are
not met. Combination therapy can provide better control and address different mechanisms of
hypertension for improved patient outcomes.
, 7. In the context of heart failure management, which dietary modification should be
emphasized to patients?
A. Increase sodium intake
B. Increase potassium intake
C. Limit fluid intake
D. Reduce carbohydrate intake
Explanation: Limiting fluid intake is crucial for heart failure patients to prevent fluid overload, which can
exacerbate symptoms and lead to complications. Educating patients about fluid restrictions is a key
aspect of managing their condition effectively.
8. A 60-year-old female with a history of breast cancer presents for follow-up. Which
screening test is essential to monitor for recurrence?
A. Mammogram
B. CT Chest
C. Bone Density Scan
D. Tumor Markers
Explanation: Regular mammograms are essential for early detection of breast cancer recurrence. They help
identify any new or recurrent lesions, guiding timely intervention and management strategies for the
patient.
9. What is the primary goal of palliative care in advanced cancer patients?
A. Cure the disease
B. Prolong life at all costs
C. Enhance quality of life
D. Manage financial issues
Explanation: Palliative care focuses on enhancing the quality of life for patients with advanced cancer by
managing symptoms, providing psychological support, and addressing spiritual concerns, rather than
pursuing curative treatments.
