TEST BANK FOR NURSING PHARMACOLOGY, 2ND EDITION BY MICHELLE ERNSTMEYER AND ELIZABETH CHRISTMANQUESTIONS & 100% VERIFIED ANSWERS AND RATIONALES | GRADED A+LATEST UPDATE

TEST BANK FOR NURSING PHARMACOLOGY, 2ND EDITION
BY MICHELLE ERNSTMEYER AND ELIZABETH
CHRISTMANQUESTIONS & 100% VERIFIED ANSWERS AND
RATIONALES | GRADED A+LATEST UPDATE

, TABLE OF CONTENTS S
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Textbook chapters SW




• Chapter 1: Pharmacokinetics & Pharmacodynamics : Includes basic concepts such as
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absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion.
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• Chapter 2: Legal/Ethical: Covers safe medication administration, legal guidelines, an
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d preventing medication errors.
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• Chapter 3: Antimicrobials : Focuses on various antimicrobial therapies, including
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penicillins, cephalosporins, antivirals, and antifungals.
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• Chapter 4: Autonomic Nervous System: Discusses medications related to th
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e autonomic nervous system, including agonists and antagonists.
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• Chapter 5: Respiratory System: Covers medications used for respiratory disorders
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, such as antihistamines, decongestants, and corticosteroids.
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• Chapter 6: Cardiovascular & Renal Systems: Addresses medications for the
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cardiovascular and renal systems, including antiarrhythmics, diuretics, and a
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ntihypertensives.
• Chapter 7: Gastrointestinal System: Focuses on medications for the GI system, such as
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antiulcer medications, laxatives, and antiemetics.
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• Chapter 8: Central Nervous System: Covers CNS depressants, stimulants,
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antidepressants, and anticonvulsants.
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• Chapter 9: Endocrine System: Explores endocrine medications, includin
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g corticosteroids, antidiabetics, and thyroid medications.
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• Chapter 10: Analgesics & Musculoskeletal System: Includes nonopioid and opioid
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analgesics, as well as anesthetics.
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,CHAPTER1 — PHARMACOKINETICS & PHARMACODYNAMICS S
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Question 1 SW




A nurse is teaching a newly licensed nurse about drug absorption. Which factor pri
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marily affects the rate of absorption after oral administration?
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A. Volume of distribution SW SW




B. Gastric emptying time SW S W




C. Hepatic enzyme activity SW SW




D. Protein binding SW




Correct answer: B. Gastric emptying time Rational
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e:

• B is correct. Gastric emptying time determines how quickly an orally admin
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istered drug reaches the small intestine, where most absorption occurs; faster
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emptying → more rapid absorption. SW SW SW SW




• A (Volume of distribution) affects distribution, not initial absorptionrate.
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• C (Hepatic enzyme activity) influences metabolism (first-
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pass effect) and clearance, not the absorption rate from the GI tract.
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• D (Protein binding) affects free drug available for distribution and action,
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not the physical process/rate of absorption across the GI mucosa.
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Question 2 SW




A 68-year-
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old patient with decreased renal function is prescribed a drug that is 90% renally ex
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creted unchanged. Which pharmacokinetic change is most likely and requires nurse
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action?
A. Increased hepatic metabolism leading to subtherapeutic levels
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, B. Decreased half-life requiring more frequent dosing SW S W SW SW SW




C. Accumulation of the drug causing toxicity SW SW SW SW SW




D. Increased first-pass effect reducing bioavailability
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Correct answer: C. Accumulation of the drug causing toxicity Rational
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e:

• C is correct. Impaired renal excretion leads to decreased clearance of renall
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y eliminated drugs and increased accumulation → higher plasma levels and po
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tential toxicity. Nurse should notify prescriber and anticipate dose reduction
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or extended interval.
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• A (Increasedhepatic metabolism) is unrelated to renal excretion.
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• B (Decreasedhalf-life) is oppositeof expected; renal impairment typically
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increases half-life. SW




• D (Increasedfirst-
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pass effect) refers to hepatic metabolism and would decrease bioavailab
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ility; not the primary issue with renal impairment.
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Question 3 SW




Which statement bestdescribes volume of distribution (Vd)?
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A. Vd indicates how rapidly a drug is absorbed from the GI tract.
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B. A high Vd suggests extensive distribution into tissues.
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C. Vd is a direct measure of plasma protein binding.
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D. Vd equals the percentage of drug eliminated by the kidneys.
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Correct answer: B. A high Vd suggests extensive distribution into tissues. Rati
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onale: