GEOL 1121 EXAM 1 UGA EXAM
QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT
ANSWERS
minerals - Answer- solid chemical element/compound, naturally occurring, inorganic,
definite chemical composition, regular internal crystal structure, identified by recognizing
different physical properties
identifying minerals - Answer- chemical comp and crystal structure
analyze mineral comp,
measure crystal structure and symmetry,
observe and measure physical and special properties
mineral physical properties - Answer- color, harness, cleavage, luster, density,
crystalline form
types of minerals - Answer- silicates and non-silicates
silicates - Answer- largest group of mineral, contains silicon and oxygen
non-silicates - Answer- groups defined by common component
carbonates, sulfates, sulfide, oxides, native elements
rock formation processes - Answer- igneous, sedimentary, metamorphous
igneous rock - Answer- formed by cooling magma
types of igneous rock - Answer- plutonic and volcanic
plutonic igneous rock - Answer- form if magma cools inside Earth's crust
volcanic igneous rock - Answer- form if magma flows onto Earth's surface as lava
sedimentary rocks - Answer- deposition of material sediments at Earth's surface,
sediments produced by weathering and are eroded/transported/deposited and then
buried (lithification),
are formed at or near Earth's surface,
gravity plays a role,
layering is a common feature, yield information about the settings in which the
sediments were deposited
, types of sedimentary rocks - Answer- clastic, chemical, biogenic
clastic sedimentary rocks - Answer- formed by lithification of mechanically weathered
pieces of rocks and minerals
chemical sedimentary rocks - Answer- chemical processes occur in water bodies,
minerals precipitate from the water and form thick deposits
biogenic sedimentary rocks - Answer- formed by lithification of organic material
why are sedimentary rocks important - Answer- 75% of all rocks exposed at the surface,
reflect source environments and depositional processes,
contains evidence of life and its evolution, important source of natural resources
metamorphic rocks - Answer- formed by transformation of existing rocks, "changed
form" rock, heat/pressure/chemically active fluids
any kind of preexisting rock can be metamorphosed
foliation - Answer- when a rock is subjected to direct stress, its minerals line up parallel
to each other
w/ : show of direct stress and pressure
w/o: no show of directed stress
the rock cycle - Answer- magma (cools/solidifies)
igneous (weathering)
sediment (transportation/deposition/lithification)
sedimentary rock (metamorphism)
metamorphic (melting)
magma
plate tectonics - Answer- major internal process, driven by heat stored in Earth's interior
tectonics - Answer- study of large scale movement and deformation of Earth's outer
layers
plate tectonics - Answer- existence and movement of rigid plates
year that suspicions arose around plate tectonics - Answer- 1700
year that a sketch was published to show how the continents were once connected. it
proposed that . ..
improved quality of maps - Answer- 1855 ; continents were once connected together,
evidence: identical plant fossils found in Europe and US
QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT
ANSWERS
minerals - Answer- solid chemical element/compound, naturally occurring, inorganic,
definite chemical composition, regular internal crystal structure, identified by recognizing
different physical properties
identifying minerals - Answer- chemical comp and crystal structure
analyze mineral comp,
measure crystal structure and symmetry,
observe and measure physical and special properties
mineral physical properties - Answer- color, harness, cleavage, luster, density,
crystalline form
types of minerals - Answer- silicates and non-silicates
silicates - Answer- largest group of mineral, contains silicon and oxygen
non-silicates - Answer- groups defined by common component
carbonates, sulfates, sulfide, oxides, native elements
rock formation processes - Answer- igneous, sedimentary, metamorphous
igneous rock - Answer- formed by cooling magma
types of igneous rock - Answer- plutonic and volcanic
plutonic igneous rock - Answer- form if magma cools inside Earth's crust
volcanic igneous rock - Answer- form if magma flows onto Earth's surface as lava
sedimentary rocks - Answer- deposition of material sediments at Earth's surface,
sediments produced by weathering and are eroded/transported/deposited and then
buried (lithification),
are formed at or near Earth's surface,
gravity plays a role,
layering is a common feature, yield information about the settings in which the
sediments were deposited
, types of sedimentary rocks - Answer- clastic, chemical, biogenic
clastic sedimentary rocks - Answer- formed by lithification of mechanically weathered
pieces of rocks and minerals
chemical sedimentary rocks - Answer- chemical processes occur in water bodies,
minerals precipitate from the water and form thick deposits
biogenic sedimentary rocks - Answer- formed by lithification of organic material
why are sedimentary rocks important - Answer- 75% of all rocks exposed at the surface,
reflect source environments and depositional processes,
contains evidence of life and its evolution, important source of natural resources
metamorphic rocks - Answer- formed by transformation of existing rocks, "changed
form" rock, heat/pressure/chemically active fluids
any kind of preexisting rock can be metamorphosed
foliation - Answer- when a rock is subjected to direct stress, its minerals line up parallel
to each other
w/ : show of direct stress and pressure
w/o: no show of directed stress
the rock cycle - Answer- magma (cools/solidifies)
igneous (weathering)
sediment (transportation/deposition/lithification)
sedimentary rock (metamorphism)
metamorphic (melting)
magma
plate tectonics - Answer- major internal process, driven by heat stored in Earth's interior
tectonics - Answer- study of large scale movement and deformation of Earth's outer
layers
plate tectonics - Answer- existence and movement of rigid plates
year that suspicions arose around plate tectonics - Answer- 1700
year that a sketch was published to show how the continents were once connected. it
proposed that . ..
improved quality of maps - Answer- 1855 ; continents were once connected together,
evidence: identical plant fossils found in Europe and US
