NURS 6660 Fundamentals Advanced Nursing Complete Final Exam 2026

NURS 6660 Fundamentals Advanced Nursing Complete Final Exam 2026 Describe the six core competencies that define advanced practice nursing. - - a. Coaching: skillful guidance and teaching to advance the care of patients, families, groups of patients, other care providers, and the profession of nursing b. Consultation: patient-, staff- or system-focused interaction between professionals in which expertise is utilized for problem-solving c. Research skills: interpretation, translation, use of evidence, evaluation of clinical practice, and conducting and active participation in research d. Clinical and professional leadership: the ability to manage change and empower others to influence clinical practice and political processes within and across the system e. Collaboration: working with intra- and interdisciplinary teams toward achieving optimal patient and family goals f. Ethical decision-making: identifying, articulating, and acting on ethical concerns at the patient, family, provider, system, community, and public policy levels Educational preparation needed for an APN according to the ICN - -formal system of licensure Scope of practice for Certified Nurse Practitioner (CNP) - -Prepared to deliver primary care unlike physicians, the majority of whom choose specialty practice (p. 24). NPs provide high-quality primary, acute, and specialty health-care services across the life span (p. 136). Educational preparation for CNP - -graduate level (master's or doctorate) (p. 25) Scope of practice for Clinical Nurse Specialist (CNS) - -specialist in clinical practice; expert in a defined area of knowledge, educator, consultant, researcher, & administrator Educational preparation for CNS - -graduate level (master's or doctorate) Scope of practice for Certified Nurse-Midwife (CNM) - -1. Attending births 2. Annual exams 3. Writing prescriptions 4. Basic nutrition counseling 5. Parenting education 6. Patient education 7. Reproductive health visits NURS 6660 NURS 6660 Educational preparation for CNM - -The ACNM has mandated graduate-level education for entry into midwifery clinical practice since 2010. Master's programs predominated in nurse-midwifery preparation; however, many programs have discontinued their master's degree option and now offer only a DNP, whereas some continue to offer the master's degree (p. 29). Scope of practice for Certified Registered Nurse Anesthetist (CRNA) - -Plan and deliver anesthesia and manage pain through drugs and procedures across the life span (p. 30). Educational preparation for CRNA - -Doctor of Nurse Anesthesia Practice (DNAP) required for entry into practice The doctor of nursing practice (DNP) degree was developed to support the achievement of which goal related to advanced practice nursing education? - -a. Number of credits approaches what is required for a doctoral degree to ensure clinical competency b. Other practice disciplines have moved to doctoral-level preparation What is the purpose of the Consensus Model? - -a. to promote uniformity and standardization of the APRN role for the safety of the consumer of health care b. implemented with an alignment of current national certifying examinations with educational program offerings and subsequent licensure Which APN specialty requires a doctorate degree? - -CRNA Define the bioethical standards of autonomy, freedom, objectivity, beneficence, and fidelity. - -a. Autonomy: uniqueness, independence, and ethical quality b. Freedom: right to direct the course of one's life c. Objectivity: ability to manage and maintain the reality of one's situation d. Beneficence: right to judge benefit and harm for oneself e. Fidelity: faithfulness to the terms of an agreement What are signs of burnout that a person may display in the work setting? - -a. to succeed; feel too little in defense of their ego b. Poor judgment c. Insensitivity d. Intolerance Differentiate direct versus indirect costs when it comes to identifying expenses in practice. - -a. Direct costs: those related to the process of producing a product or service, e.g., caregivers (nurses, therapists, practitioners) that address and individual patient b. Indirect costs: those incurred in supporting that process, e.g., leadership and supporting staff such as secretaries, CNS, or nurse leader What are examples of actions that can be done by APNs involving public policy? - -a. Serve on policy committees in their practice settings NURS 6660 NURS 6660 b. Mentoring others on such committees c. Serving as health-care consultants to local, regional, and state representatives d. Educate legislators on both the economic and societal value of the care they provide e. Influence policymakers to improve health-care delivery and outcomes f. Understanding the relevant state legislative agenda and how it affects the APN scope of practice g. Advocate for their autonomy h. Strive to convince legislators to remove barriers to advanced practice Define and give examples of interpersonal attributes that are necessary for successful collaboration - -a. Autonomous, trusting relationship b. Confidence in partner's skill c. Bidirectional referrals and consultations d. Consensus-driven decision making e. Equitable reporting lines and evaluators f. Mutually defined goals of the practice g. Open, informal communication h. Parity between providers (physical space, caseload, and support staff) i. Positive support by colleagues, support staff, and consumers What are some skills and competencies that are needed by APN patient advocates? - a. Empathetic listening b. Self-confidence c. Assertiveness d. Negotiation e. Collaboration f. Communication g. Physical assessment h. Mental status assessment i. Teaching Who played a role in closing the gap between psychiatric theory and nursing practice? How so? - -Hildegard Peplau wanted to prepare psychiatric nurse-clinicians at the graduate level who could offer direct care to psychiatric patients, thus helping to close the gap. What is role-making? What are some examples of role-making actions? - -a. Definition: bidirectional and interactive with both actors presenting behaviors that are interpreted reciprocally for the purpose of creating and modifying their roles b. Example: The APN notices surprise from the physician when suggesting a modification in treatment for a patient. The APN supplies cogent and sophisticated reasoning, and the physician agrees although skeptical of this behavior. What is the role and guidelines of the International Council of Nurses (ICN)? - -Role: To follow trends in this field of nursing, act as a resource, support countries developing APN roles, and facilitate research on APN. Provided a definition for APN. NURS 6660 NURS 6660 Guidelines: i. All APNs are practitioners of nursing, providing safe and competent patient care. ii. All APNs have their foundation in nursing education. iii. All APNs have roles or levels of practice that require formal education beyond the preparation of the generalist nurse (minimum required entry level for the APN is a master's degree). iv. All APNs have roles or levels of practice with increased levels of competency and capability that are measurable, beyond that of a generalist nurse. v. All APNs have acquired the ability to explain and apply the theoretical, empirical, ethical, legal, caregiving, and professional development required for APN. vi. All APNs have defined APN competencies and standards, which are periodically reviewed for maintaining currency in practice. vii. All APNs are influenced by the global, social, political, economic, and technological milieu. What should the advanced practice nurse (APN) keep in mind when billing services as "incident to"? - -a. Applies only to professional services billed to Medicare and does not apply to services with their own benefit category. b. Must take place in a non-institutional setting (all settings other than a hospital or SNF) c. Cannot be rendered on the patient's first visit, or if a change to the plan of care occurs. Must be initiated by a Medicare-credentialed physician. d. An APRN may provide follow-up care under the direct supervision of a qualified provider e. A physician must actively participate in and manage the patient's course of treatment. This requirement is defined by individual state licensure rules. f. Must be employed by the group entity billing for the service. g. Must be of a type usually performed in the office setting and must be part of the normal course of treatment of a diagnosis or illness. Describe servant-leadership. - -A leader who wants to serve first versus being the leader first. Focus on meeting the needs of others and accomplishing the work (pp. 373 374). What should an APN consider first before opening an independent practice? - -a. Develop a clear strategy. b. Determine the area's need for the service. c. Develop a timeline for business start-up. d. Determine licensing, tax, and insurance requirements. e. Select your consultants. f. Decide on the appropriate business structure. g. Create the business name and image. h. Select a practice location. i. Develop a business plan. j. Determine financing options. k. Develop fees, reimbursement, and billing procedures. NURS 6660 NURS 6660 l. Purchase or lease equipment and select suppliers. m. Hire and manage personnel. n. Develop and organized documentation and quality assurance process. o. Develop policies and procedures. p. Develop marketing strategies. Describe the five qualities of effective teachers in nursing? - -1. Expert knowledge