WGU D236 PATHOPHYSIOLOGY | TOP SCORES MADE
SIMPLE | TRUSTED TEST SOLUTIONS!
Homeostasis Answer: process by which organisms maintain a relatively stable
internal environment
Intracellular Fluid Answer: fluid inside of the cell, 2/3 of body weight
- mainly in muscle cells
Extracellular Fluid Answer: fluid outside of the cell, 1/3 of bodily fluids
- blood vessels
- skin tissues
- spinal cord
Diffusion Answer: Movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to
an area of lower concentration.
Osmosis Answer: movement of fluid from an area of lower solute concentration to a
higher concentration
Filtration Answer: water and solute movement occurs from an area of high
hydrostatic pressure to an area of low hydrostatic pressure
Osmolality Answer: the number of osmotically active particles per kg of water
Hypertonic Answer: osmolality greater than 300.
Hypotonic Answer: osmolality less than 300.
- osmotic pressure is more significant in the body
- fluids pulled from body into cell
1
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,An isotonic solution Answer: 0.09% normal saline
Interferons (IFNs) Answer: type of cytokine that signals cells to increase anti-viral
defenses.
- are released by cells that are infected with a virus, causing other cells to become
resistant to the virus
- play a role in tumor suppression
Hypervolemia Answer: fluid volume overload
Edema Answer: swelling of soft tissues because of excess fluid accumulation
Causes of edema include: Answer: -Increased hydrostatic (water) pressure
- Manifestation: High BP and pitting edema
- Renal Failure, Heart Failure
- Decreased colloid osmotic pressure
- low albumin
- cirrhosis, starvation
- bacteria infections/burns
- obstruction of lymphatic system (cancer or infection)
Symptoms of edema include: Answer: - weight gain
- hypertension
- jugular vein distention
- ALOC (altered level of consciousness)
- weakness
2
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, - increased urine output / or decreased in patients with renal failure
- Rapid RR (resp rate)
- shallow RR
- fluid in lungs
- diarrhea, hepatomegaly (enlarged liver), ascites
- low lab values
Hypovolemia Answer: fluid volume deficit
Symptoms of hypovolemia include: Answer: - vomiting
- diarrhea
- hot body & sweating
- fever
- heat stroke
- thyroid crisis
- urination
diabetes insipidus (DI) Answer: insufficient secretion of antidiuretic hormone
(vasopressin)
Diabetes Ketoacidosis (DKA) Answer: -primary complication of type 1 diabetes
-the body produces excess ketones into the blood
-also referred to as diabetic acidosis or diabetic coma
Diuretics Answer: medications that reduce fluid volume in the body
- increase urine output
3
APPHIA - Crafted with Care and Precision for Academic Excellence.
SIMPLE | TRUSTED TEST SOLUTIONS!
Homeostasis Answer: process by which organisms maintain a relatively stable
internal environment
Intracellular Fluid Answer: fluid inside of the cell, 2/3 of body weight
- mainly in muscle cells
Extracellular Fluid Answer: fluid outside of the cell, 1/3 of bodily fluids
- blood vessels
- skin tissues
- spinal cord
Diffusion Answer: Movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to
an area of lower concentration.
Osmosis Answer: movement of fluid from an area of lower solute concentration to a
higher concentration
Filtration Answer: water and solute movement occurs from an area of high
hydrostatic pressure to an area of low hydrostatic pressure
Osmolality Answer: the number of osmotically active particles per kg of water
Hypertonic Answer: osmolality greater than 300.
Hypotonic Answer: osmolality less than 300.
- osmotic pressure is more significant in the body
- fluids pulled from body into cell
1
APPHIA - Crafted with Care and Precision for Academic Excellence.
,An isotonic solution Answer: 0.09% normal saline
Interferons (IFNs) Answer: type of cytokine that signals cells to increase anti-viral
defenses.
- are released by cells that are infected with a virus, causing other cells to become
resistant to the virus
- play a role in tumor suppression
Hypervolemia Answer: fluid volume overload
Edema Answer: swelling of soft tissues because of excess fluid accumulation
Causes of edema include: Answer: -Increased hydrostatic (water) pressure
- Manifestation: High BP and pitting edema
- Renal Failure, Heart Failure
- Decreased colloid osmotic pressure
- low albumin
- cirrhosis, starvation
- bacteria infections/burns
- obstruction of lymphatic system (cancer or infection)
Symptoms of edema include: Answer: - weight gain
- hypertension
- jugular vein distention
- ALOC (altered level of consciousness)
- weakness
2
APPHIA - Crafted with Care and Precision for Academic Excellence.
, - increased urine output / or decreased in patients with renal failure
- Rapid RR (resp rate)
- shallow RR
- fluid in lungs
- diarrhea, hepatomegaly (enlarged liver), ascites
- low lab values
Hypovolemia Answer: fluid volume deficit
Symptoms of hypovolemia include: Answer: - vomiting
- diarrhea
- hot body & sweating
- fever
- heat stroke
- thyroid crisis
- urination
diabetes insipidus (DI) Answer: insufficient secretion of antidiuretic hormone
(vasopressin)
Diabetes Ketoacidosis (DKA) Answer: -primary complication of type 1 diabetes
-the body produces excess ketones into the blood
-also referred to as diabetic acidosis or diabetic coma
Diuretics Answer: medications that reduce fluid volume in the body
- increase urine output
3
APPHIA - Crafted with Care and Precision for Academic Excellence.
