FUNDAMENTALS OF URINE AND
BODY FLUID ANALYSIS
5TH EDITION
AUTHOR(S)NANCY A. BRUNZEL
TEST BANK
1)
Reference: Ch. 1 — Quality Assessment and Safety — Analytical
components of quality assessment
Stem: A midsize hospital urinalysis section documents an
unexplained upward drift in quantitative osmolality control
results over two months despite unchanged SOPs. Daily
osmometers are checked, and control material concentrations
appear consistent. Which is the MOST appropriate first
,investigative action?
A. Replace control material with a fresh lot and re-run controls.
B. Check and record the instrument’s calibration and compare
with NIST-traceable standards.
C. Switch to a different control with a matrix similar to patient
samples.
D. Report the trend to laboratory management without
additional testing.
Correct answer: B
Rationale — Correct: Drift in instrument-derived measurements
suggests calibration or instrument performance issues. The
chapter emphasizes daily/periodic performance checks (e.g.,
osmometers: determine and record osmolality of control
materials) and comparing against standards (NIST-traceable).
Verifying calibration and instrument function is the primary step
before replacing reagents or controls.
Rationale — Incorrect:
A. Replacing control material may be necessary later, but
without excluding instrument/calibration causes this wastes
resources and may miss the real cause.
C. Changing control matrix is useful for verification but is a
secondary step after checking instrument calibration.
D. Reporting without troubleshooting delays corrective action
and doesn't identify root cause.
Teaching point: Always verify instrument calibration against
standards before changing controls.
,Citation: Brunzel, N. A. (2022). Fundamentals of Urine and Body
Fluid Analysis (5th ed.). Ch. 1.
2)
Reference: Ch. 1 — Quality Assessment and Safety —
Equipment maintenance schedules
Stem: The urine microscopy room uses a new centrifuge. During
routine QA the technologist notes unusual vibrations that
started this week. The centrifuge service log shows annual
servicing scheduled next month. According to good laboratory
practice in the chapter, what is the most appropriate action
now?
A. Continue routine use until scheduled annual service to avoid
downtime.
B. Remove the centrifuge from service, tag it, and arrange
immediate maintenance.
C. Increase centrifugation speed slightly to compensate for
imbalance.
D. Rotate use to another centrifuge but do not document the
issue until after maintenance.
Correct answer: B
Rationale — Correct: The chapter stresses periodic equipment
checks and that deterioration discovered (e.g., mechanical
issues) should be reported and addressed immediately.
Vibrations indicate mechanical failure risk; removing, tagging,
and servicing prevents specimen compromise and safety
, hazards.
Rationale — Incorrect:
A. Continuing use risks specimen integrity and safety.
C. Increasing speed worsens imbalance and hazard.
D. Rotating use without documentation violates QA traceability;
immediate documentation and removal are required.
Teaching point: Report and remove malfunctioning equipment
immediately; document and arrange prompt service.
Citation: Brunzel, N. A. (2022). Fundamentals of Urine and Body
Fluid Analysis (5th ed.). Ch. 1.
3)
Reference: Ch. 1 — Quality Assessment and Safety — Reagents
and laboratory water
Stem: A urinalysis tech prepares reagent reconstitutions using
deionized water but notices increased reagent precipitation
after storage. The lab’s procedure calls for clinical laboratory
reagent water (CLRW) for certain preparations. What is the
most defensible explanation and corrective step?
A. Deionized water causes protein contamination; replace with
distilled water.
B. Deionized water lacks defined ionic content; use CLRW (Type
I) per procedure and re-make reagents.
C. CLRW is unnecessary; reduce reagent concentration to avoid
precipitation.
D. Precipitation indicates reagent expiration; discard reagent
BODY FLUID ANALYSIS
5TH EDITION
AUTHOR(S)NANCY A. BRUNZEL
TEST BANK
1)
Reference: Ch. 1 — Quality Assessment and Safety — Analytical
components of quality assessment
Stem: A midsize hospital urinalysis section documents an
unexplained upward drift in quantitative osmolality control
results over two months despite unchanged SOPs. Daily
osmometers are checked, and control material concentrations
appear consistent. Which is the MOST appropriate first
,investigative action?
A. Replace control material with a fresh lot and re-run controls.
B. Check and record the instrument’s calibration and compare
with NIST-traceable standards.
C. Switch to a different control with a matrix similar to patient
samples.
D. Report the trend to laboratory management without
additional testing.
Correct answer: B
Rationale — Correct: Drift in instrument-derived measurements
suggests calibration or instrument performance issues. The
chapter emphasizes daily/periodic performance checks (e.g.,
osmometers: determine and record osmolality of control
materials) and comparing against standards (NIST-traceable).
Verifying calibration and instrument function is the primary step
before replacing reagents or controls.
Rationale — Incorrect:
A. Replacing control material may be necessary later, but
without excluding instrument/calibration causes this wastes
resources and may miss the real cause.
C. Changing control matrix is useful for verification but is a
secondary step after checking instrument calibration.
D. Reporting without troubleshooting delays corrective action
and doesn't identify root cause.
Teaching point: Always verify instrument calibration against
standards before changing controls.
,Citation: Brunzel, N. A. (2022). Fundamentals of Urine and Body
Fluid Analysis (5th ed.). Ch. 1.
2)
Reference: Ch. 1 — Quality Assessment and Safety —
Equipment maintenance schedules
Stem: The urine microscopy room uses a new centrifuge. During
routine QA the technologist notes unusual vibrations that
started this week. The centrifuge service log shows annual
servicing scheduled next month. According to good laboratory
practice in the chapter, what is the most appropriate action
now?
A. Continue routine use until scheduled annual service to avoid
downtime.
B. Remove the centrifuge from service, tag it, and arrange
immediate maintenance.
C. Increase centrifugation speed slightly to compensate for
imbalance.
D. Rotate use to another centrifuge but do not document the
issue until after maintenance.
Correct answer: B
Rationale — Correct: The chapter stresses periodic equipment
checks and that deterioration discovered (e.g., mechanical
issues) should be reported and addressed immediately.
Vibrations indicate mechanical failure risk; removing, tagging,
and servicing prevents specimen compromise and safety
, hazards.
Rationale — Incorrect:
A. Continuing use risks specimen integrity and safety.
C. Increasing speed worsens imbalance and hazard.
D. Rotating use without documentation violates QA traceability;
immediate documentation and removal are required.
Teaching point: Report and remove malfunctioning equipment
immediately; document and arrange prompt service.
Citation: Brunzel, N. A. (2022). Fundamentals of Urine and Body
Fluid Analysis (5th ed.). Ch. 1.
3)
Reference: Ch. 1 — Quality Assessment and Safety — Reagents
and laboratory water
Stem: A urinalysis tech prepares reagent reconstitutions using
deionized water but notices increased reagent precipitation
after storage. The lab’s procedure calls for clinical laboratory
reagent water (CLRW) for certain preparations. What is the
most defensible explanation and corrective step?
A. Deionized water causes protein contamination; replace with
distilled water.
B. Deionized water lacks defined ionic content; use CLRW (Type
I) per procedure and re-make reagents.
C. CLRW is unnecessary; reduce reagent concentration to avoid
precipitation.
D. Precipitation indicates reagent expiration; discard reagent
