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PSYC 1020
What is psychology?
The scientific study of behavior and mental processes
Why is psychology a science?
Collection of data through systematic observation in order to describe,
explain, predict, and hopefully control behavior. (Scientific Method)
What are 2 disadvantages of Naturalistic Observation?
Time consuming, observer bias
What are 2 advantages of Case Studies?
Close and concentrated, examine all aspects of behavior
What are 2 disadvantages of Case Studies?
Schedule conflicts, can't generalize
,What is the advantage of Surveys?
Quick way to gather info
What are 2 disadvantages of Surveys?
Do not determine or explain causes of behavior, sampling error
What is the advantage of Correlational Research?
Allows for predictions
What is the disadvantage of Correlational Research?
Can't prove cause/effect
r=?
-1 < r < -0.5: negative correlation
0.5 < r < 1: positive
correlation anything else:
no correlation
What is the advantage of Experimental Research?
Cause/effect
, What is the disadvantage of Experimental Research?
Lab setting
What is a Longitudinal Study?
Studying the same group at different times
What is a Cross-Sectional Study?
Studying different groups at the same time
Who was Wilhelm Wundt?
First formal psychological laboratory,
1879 First psychology class - 4
students
First experiment: reaction time study
Who was Sigmund Freud?
Case studies on people's dreams
Psychoanalysis & Psychodynamics
Who was Stanley Milgram?
Obedience experiment in 1963