CBIS UPDATED EXAM STUDY GUIDE QUESTIONS AND
SOLUTIONS GUARANTEE A+
✔✔Appropriate Auxiliary Aids and Services - ✔✔qualified sign language; oral, relay or
tactile interpreters; video interpreting services; qualified note-takers; computer-assisted
real time transcription services; written materials; telephone handset amplifiers;
assistive listening devices, etc.
✔✔Apraxia - ✔✔inability to perform purposeful actions due to damage in certain areas
of the brain.
✔✔Apraxia of Speech - ✔✔an oral motor speech disorder in which a person cannot
translate what they want to say into motor plans to initiate speech.
✔✔Arachidonic Acid Cascade - ✔✔complicated process in which the body responds to
chemical reactions of prostaglandins, leukotriene and other substances to produce an
inflammatory response in the body.
✔✔Arachnoid Mater - ✔✔the spider-web middle layer of the meninges.
✔✔Areflexic Bowel - ✔✔decreased reflex control of the anal sphincter due to damage to
nerves that exit the lumbar or sacral areas of the spinal cord.
✔✔Arousal - ✔✔the state of high alertness either physically or mentally.
✔✔Arteries - ✔✔blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart.
✔✔Arterio-ventricular Block - ✔✔impairment of conduction between the atrium and
ventricles of the heart muscle.
✔✔Articulation - ✔✔a juncture between bones or cartilage.
✔✔ARAS: Ascending Reticular Activating System - ✔✔part of the reticular activating
system, which is a set of connected nuclei in the brain responsible for regulating arousal
and sleep-wake transitions.
✔✔Assimilation - ✔✔complete adaptation to a host society, taking on the values of that
society, and rejecting one's original values.
✔✔ATC: Assistive Technology for Cognition - ✔✔low-tech (calendars, post-its, clocks,
timers, et.), high-tech mainstream (smart phones, tablets, etc.), and complex
specialized systems (PEAT, BrainBook) that assist persons with brain injury as well as
non-injured individuals in managing day-to-day tasks.
,✔✔Astrocytes - ✔✔star-shaped glial cells that serve to provide nutrients and maintain
ion balance; these play a role in repair and scar formation in the brain and spinal cord
following traumatic injury.
✔✔Ataxia - ✔✔a lack of muscle coordination during voluntary movements that typically
impacts activities such as walking or picking up objects.
✔✔Athetoid Movements - ✔✔slow, involuntary writhing movements of the hands, feet,
fingers an toes; usually caused by lesions to the brain.
✔✔Atlanto-Occipital Joint - ✔✔where the first cervical vertebra connects to the head at
the base of the skull.
✔✔Atlas - ✔✔the first cervical vertebra connects to the head at the base of the skull.
✔✔Atrophy - ✔✔weakness or wasting away of muscles due to disuse.
✔✔APT3: Attention Process Training Program - ✔✔a neurorehabilitative program
developed b Sohlbeg and Mateer featuring attention exercises for people with mild-to-
severe attention deficits secondary to acquired brain injuries.
✔✔Auditory Cortex - ✔✔the par of the brain, located in the temporal lobes, which
processes auditory information.
✔✔Auditory Stimuli - ✔✔a sound stimulus produced to determine the ability to hear and
understand.
✔✔ANAM: Automated Neuropsychological Assessment Metric - ✔✔20 minute
computerized neuropsych battery that is given to each service member prior to
deployment; may be repeated following injury to assess for differences in pre and post-
injury status.
✔✔Autonomic Dysfunction Syndrome - ✔✔a problem with the autonomic nervous
system that controls processes such as digestion, heart rate, the immune system and
more.
✔✔Autonomic Dysregulation - ✔✔involuntary, automatic changes in body temperature,
heart rate, blood pressure and breathing caused by a malfunctioning of the autonomic
nervous system.
✔✔Avoidance - ✔✔the practice of staying away or withdrawing from something or
someone that may trigger intrusion symptoms of a traumatic event, including becoming
more suspicious, reacting angrily towards threatening people, and taking defensive
actions in order to prevent re-experiencing the traumatic event.
, ✔✔Avolition - ✔✔lack of motivation or initiative.
✔✔Awareness - ✔✔a state in which a person is conscious of the environment around
them.
✔✔Axial - ✔✔horizontal plane.
✔✔Axis - ✔✔the second vertebra; allows for movement of the head on the horizontal
plane.
✔✔Axis I Disorders - ✔✔this diagnosis refers to clinical disorders such as depression,
anxiety, phobias, etc.
✔✔Axis II Disorders - ✔✔this diagnosis refers to personality disorders and intellectual
disabilities; some diagnoses include Antisocial Personality Disorder and Borderline
Personality Disorder.
✔✔Axon - ✔✔long extension of a neuron which sends signals electrochemically from
one neuron to another.
✔✔Axonal Shearing - ✔✔condition of damage to axons, as a result of being twisted and
disconnected in a violent agitating motion.
✔✔Ballisms - ✔✔a movement disorder characterized by quick, flailing movements.
✔✔BNI: Barrow Neurological Institute Fatigue Scale - ✔✔10-item scale measuring
energy and alertness on a 7-point scale, from 0-1 (rarely a problem) to 6-7 (a problem
most of the time), with a final item rating overall fatigue on a 10-point scale.
✔✔Basal Ganglia - ✔✔coordinates physical movements by relaying information from
the cerebral cortex to the brain stem and cerebellum.
✔✔Baseline - ✔✔an initial measurement; change is measured against this initial point
of reference.
✔✔BAI: Beck Anxiety Inventory - ✔✔21-item assessment to measure a prolonged state
of anxiety with subjective, somatic and panic subscales. items measure
physiological symptoms, making it a useful tool in diagnosing panic disorder; however
the cognitive, affective and behavioral components of anxiety are deemphasized in the
BAI.
✔✔BDI: Beck Depression Inventory - ✔✔21-item multiple choice assessment to
measure severity of depression. One of the most wildly used instruments by both
SOLUTIONS GUARANTEE A+
✔✔Appropriate Auxiliary Aids and Services - ✔✔qualified sign language; oral, relay or
tactile interpreters; video interpreting services; qualified note-takers; computer-assisted
real time transcription services; written materials; telephone handset amplifiers;
assistive listening devices, etc.
✔✔Apraxia - ✔✔inability to perform purposeful actions due to damage in certain areas
of the brain.
✔✔Apraxia of Speech - ✔✔an oral motor speech disorder in which a person cannot
translate what they want to say into motor plans to initiate speech.
✔✔Arachidonic Acid Cascade - ✔✔complicated process in which the body responds to
chemical reactions of prostaglandins, leukotriene and other substances to produce an
inflammatory response in the body.
✔✔Arachnoid Mater - ✔✔the spider-web middle layer of the meninges.
✔✔Areflexic Bowel - ✔✔decreased reflex control of the anal sphincter due to damage to
nerves that exit the lumbar or sacral areas of the spinal cord.
✔✔Arousal - ✔✔the state of high alertness either physically or mentally.
✔✔Arteries - ✔✔blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart.
✔✔Arterio-ventricular Block - ✔✔impairment of conduction between the atrium and
ventricles of the heart muscle.
✔✔Articulation - ✔✔a juncture between bones or cartilage.
✔✔ARAS: Ascending Reticular Activating System - ✔✔part of the reticular activating
system, which is a set of connected nuclei in the brain responsible for regulating arousal
and sleep-wake transitions.
✔✔Assimilation - ✔✔complete adaptation to a host society, taking on the values of that
society, and rejecting one's original values.
✔✔ATC: Assistive Technology for Cognition - ✔✔low-tech (calendars, post-its, clocks,
timers, et.), high-tech mainstream (smart phones, tablets, etc.), and complex
specialized systems (PEAT, BrainBook) that assist persons with brain injury as well as
non-injured individuals in managing day-to-day tasks.
,✔✔Astrocytes - ✔✔star-shaped glial cells that serve to provide nutrients and maintain
ion balance; these play a role in repair and scar formation in the brain and spinal cord
following traumatic injury.
✔✔Ataxia - ✔✔a lack of muscle coordination during voluntary movements that typically
impacts activities such as walking or picking up objects.
✔✔Athetoid Movements - ✔✔slow, involuntary writhing movements of the hands, feet,
fingers an toes; usually caused by lesions to the brain.
✔✔Atlanto-Occipital Joint - ✔✔where the first cervical vertebra connects to the head at
the base of the skull.
✔✔Atlas - ✔✔the first cervical vertebra connects to the head at the base of the skull.
✔✔Atrophy - ✔✔weakness or wasting away of muscles due to disuse.
✔✔APT3: Attention Process Training Program - ✔✔a neurorehabilitative program
developed b Sohlbeg and Mateer featuring attention exercises for people with mild-to-
severe attention deficits secondary to acquired brain injuries.
✔✔Auditory Cortex - ✔✔the par of the brain, located in the temporal lobes, which
processes auditory information.
✔✔Auditory Stimuli - ✔✔a sound stimulus produced to determine the ability to hear and
understand.
✔✔ANAM: Automated Neuropsychological Assessment Metric - ✔✔20 minute
computerized neuropsych battery that is given to each service member prior to
deployment; may be repeated following injury to assess for differences in pre and post-
injury status.
✔✔Autonomic Dysfunction Syndrome - ✔✔a problem with the autonomic nervous
system that controls processes such as digestion, heart rate, the immune system and
more.
✔✔Autonomic Dysregulation - ✔✔involuntary, automatic changes in body temperature,
heart rate, blood pressure and breathing caused by a malfunctioning of the autonomic
nervous system.
✔✔Avoidance - ✔✔the practice of staying away or withdrawing from something or
someone that may trigger intrusion symptoms of a traumatic event, including becoming
more suspicious, reacting angrily towards threatening people, and taking defensive
actions in order to prevent re-experiencing the traumatic event.
, ✔✔Avolition - ✔✔lack of motivation or initiative.
✔✔Awareness - ✔✔a state in which a person is conscious of the environment around
them.
✔✔Axial - ✔✔horizontal plane.
✔✔Axis - ✔✔the second vertebra; allows for movement of the head on the horizontal
plane.
✔✔Axis I Disorders - ✔✔this diagnosis refers to clinical disorders such as depression,
anxiety, phobias, etc.
✔✔Axis II Disorders - ✔✔this diagnosis refers to personality disorders and intellectual
disabilities; some diagnoses include Antisocial Personality Disorder and Borderline
Personality Disorder.
✔✔Axon - ✔✔long extension of a neuron which sends signals electrochemically from
one neuron to another.
✔✔Axonal Shearing - ✔✔condition of damage to axons, as a result of being twisted and
disconnected in a violent agitating motion.
✔✔Ballisms - ✔✔a movement disorder characterized by quick, flailing movements.
✔✔BNI: Barrow Neurological Institute Fatigue Scale - ✔✔10-item scale measuring
energy and alertness on a 7-point scale, from 0-1 (rarely a problem) to 6-7 (a problem
most of the time), with a final item rating overall fatigue on a 10-point scale.
✔✔Basal Ganglia - ✔✔coordinates physical movements by relaying information from
the cerebral cortex to the brain stem and cerebellum.
✔✔Baseline - ✔✔an initial measurement; change is measured against this initial point
of reference.
✔✔BAI: Beck Anxiety Inventory - ✔✔21-item assessment to measure a prolonged state
of anxiety with subjective, somatic and panic subscales. items measure
physiological symptoms, making it a useful tool in diagnosing panic disorder; however
the cognitive, affective and behavioral components of anxiety are deemphasized in the
BAI.
✔✔BDI: Beck Depression Inventory - ✔✔21-item multiple choice assessment to
measure severity of depression. One of the most wildly used instruments by both
