BIOD 101 UPDATED STUDY EXAM QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS GUARANTEE A+
✔✔What are COMMUNITIES? - ✔✔Communities are all of the collective organisms
living within an ecosystem, including all of the living organisms such as plants, fungi,
grasses, animals, and even microscopic organisms such as bacteria and protista.
✔✔What is a POPULATION? - ✔✔A group of one particular species living within
defined boundaries of a community
✔✔What are ORGANISMS? - ✔✔Individual living things that make up a population.
✔✔What are ORGANISMS composed of? - ✔✔- Organ systems
- Organs
- Tissues
- Cells
- Atoms
- Molecules
✔✔What is an ORGAN SYSTEM? Give an example. - ✔✔A group of organs working
together to perform a particular function; an example of an organ system is the Urinary
System, which consists of the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra.
✔✔What are ORGANS? Give an example. - ✔✔Organs are groups of tissues that work
together to perform certain functions; an example of an organ is the skin - the skin is the
largest organ of the human body.
✔✔What are TISSUES? - ✔✔Tissues are groups of cells that are similar in structure
and function.
✔✔What are CELLS? - ✔✔Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living
things.
✔✔What are ATOMS AND MOLECULES? Give an example of each. - ✔✔Atoms =
smallest unit of matter participating in chemical reactions; example: Oxygen
Molecules = two or more atoms joined together; example: Dioxide
✔✔What is the LINNAEAN CLASSIFICATION SYSTEM? - ✔✔The system used to
classify living things; the taxa of the Linnaean Classification System is ranked from
broad to specific: Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, and Species ("Dear
King Philip Came Over For Good Soup").
, ✔✔What are the three domains that comprise the Linnaean Classification System? -
✔✔Archaea, Eubacteria, Eukarya
✔✔What is PHYLOGENY? - ✔✔A strategy through which scientists trace the
evolutionary history and diversification of a group of species.
✔✔What is the purpose of a PHYLOGENIC TREE? - ✔✔The purpose of a Phylogenic
Tree is to show the relationship between different levels of Linnaean Classification taxa,
each branch on a Phylogenic Tree represents where two organisms likely share a
common ancestor.
✔✔What are ARCHAEA? - ✔✔Archaea are single-celled, microscopic organisms with a
prokaryotic cell structure.
✔✔What are EXTREMOPHILES? Give examples. - ✔✔A small subset of archaea that
thrive in extreme environments;
- Thermophiles: extremophiles that thrive in high temperature environments, such as
volcanoes
- Halophiles: extremophiles that can be found in extremely saline environments, such as
the Dead Sea
- Psychrophiles: extremophiles that thrive in attic temperatures, such as the tundra of
Antarctica
✔✔What are EUBACTERIA? - ✔✔Single-celled bacteria with a prokaryotic cellular
structure that reproduce by binary fission.
✔✔What are the three different types of eubacteria? - ✔✔Pathogenic, non-pathogenic,
and commensal
✔✔What are PATHOGENIC EUBACTERIA? - ✔✔Pathogenic eubacteria are bacteria
that cause illness through the production of exotoxins and endotoxins.
✔✔What is COMMENSAL EUBACTERIA? - ✔✔Commensal eubacteria are bacteria
which neither benefits nor harms it's host, and are often part of the human flora.
✔✔What are EXOTOXINS? Give an example. - ✔✔A toxin that is secreted by a
bacterial cell into its surroundings; An example of an Exotoxin is the toxins that are
secreted by cholera.
✔✔What are ENDOTOXINS? Give an example. - ✔✔Endotoxins are toxins that are
present inside the bacteria and are only released upon the death of the bacterial cell
when the cell wall begins to decompose; an example of an endotoxin are the toxins
observed within salmonella.
ANSWERS GUARANTEE A+
✔✔What are COMMUNITIES? - ✔✔Communities are all of the collective organisms
living within an ecosystem, including all of the living organisms such as plants, fungi,
grasses, animals, and even microscopic organisms such as bacteria and protista.
✔✔What is a POPULATION? - ✔✔A group of one particular species living within
defined boundaries of a community
✔✔What are ORGANISMS? - ✔✔Individual living things that make up a population.
✔✔What are ORGANISMS composed of? - ✔✔- Organ systems
- Organs
- Tissues
- Cells
- Atoms
- Molecules
✔✔What is an ORGAN SYSTEM? Give an example. - ✔✔A group of organs working
together to perform a particular function; an example of an organ system is the Urinary
System, which consists of the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra.
✔✔What are ORGANS? Give an example. - ✔✔Organs are groups of tissues that work
together to perform certain functions; an example of an organ is the skin - the skin is the
largest organ of the human body.
✔✔What are TISSUES? - ✔✔Tissues are groups of cells that are similar in structure
and function.
✔✔What are CELLS? - ✔✔Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living
things.
✔✔What are ATOMS AND MOLECULES? Give an example of each. - ✔✔Atoms =
smallest unit of matter participating in chemical reactions; example: Oxygen
Molecules = two or more atoms joined together; example: Dioxide
✔✔What is the LINNAEAN CLASSIFICATION SYSTEM? - ✔✔The system used to
classify living things; the taxa of the Linnaean Classification System is ranked from
broad to specific: Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, and Species ("Dear
King Philip Came Over For Good Soup").
, ✔✔What are the three domains that comprise the Linnaean Classification System? -
✔✔Archaea, Eubacteria, Eukarya
✔✔What is PHYLOGENY? - ✔✔A strategy through which scientists trace the
evolutionary history and diversification of a group of species.
✔✔What is the purpose of a PHYLOGENIC TREE? - ✔✔The purpose of a Phylogenic
Tree is to show the relationship between different levels of Linnaean Classification taxa,
each branch on a Phylogenic Tree represents where two organisms likely share a
common ancestor.
✔✔What are ARCHAEA? - ✔✔Archaea are single-celled, microscopic organisms with a
prokaryotic cell structure.
✔✔What are EXTREMOPHILES? Give examples. - ✔✔A small subset of archaea that
thrive in extreme environments;
- Thermophiles: extremophiles that thrive in high temperature environments, such as
volcanoes
- Halophiles: extremophiles that can be found in extremely saline environments, such as
the Dead Sea
- Psychrophiles: extremophiles that thrive in attic temperatures, such as the tundra of
Antarctica
✔✔What are EUBACTERIA? - ✔✔Single-celled bacteria with a prokaryotic cellular
structure that reproduce by binary fission.
✔✔What are the three different types of eubacteria? - ✔✔Pathogenic, non-pathogenic,
and commensal
✔✔What are PATHOGENIC EUBACTERIA? - ✔✔Pathogenic eubacteria are bacteria
that cause illness through the production of exotoxins and endotoxins.
✔✔What is COMMENSAL EUBACTERIA? - ✔✔Commensal eubacteria are bacteria
which neither benefits nor harms it's host, and are often part of the human flora.
✔✔What are EXOTOXINS? Give an example. - ✔✔A toxin that is secreted by a
bacterial cell into its surroundings; An example of an Exotoxin is the toxins that are
secreted by cholera.
✔✔What are ENDOTOXINS? Give an example. - ✔✔Endotoxins are toxins that are
present inside the bacteria and are only released upon the death of the bacterial cell
when the cell wall begins to decompose; an example of an endotoxin are the toxins
observed within salmonella.
