Page 1 of 234
“ BURNS PAEDIATRIC FINAL EXAM STUDY GUIDE EXAM
“ NEWEST UPDATED EXAM 2025 – 2026 SOLVED
QUESTIONS & ANSWERS VERIFIED 100% GRADED A+
(LATEST VERSION)
Burns Paediatric Final Exam Study Guide
1. During a well child exam, the primary care pediatric nurse practitioner notes
yellowish-white
serpentine-bordered lesions on the anterior portion of a child's tongue. What
will the nurse
practitioner do?
a. Order chlorhexidine gluconate rinses to treat the lesions.
b. Prescribe oral acyclovir to shorten the course of the disease.
c. Reassure the parent that these are benign lesions.
d. Refer the child to a pediatric dentist for evaluation.
ANS: C
These lesions are characteristic of benign migratory glossitis or "geographic tongue"
and are benign.
Chlorhexidine gluconate rinses, oral acyclovir, and referral to a dentist are not
necessary.
2. A school-age child has had herpes stomatitis for a week and continues to
complain of pain. What will
the primary care pediatric nurse practitioner recommend?
a. Administration of a topical antiviral medication
b. Taking oral acyclovir for 5 to 7 days
c. Topical application of diphenhydramine and Maalox
d. Using a chlorhexidine gluconate rinse
ANS: C
Topical treatment with diphenhydramine and Maalox is useful for symptomatic relief
of herpes stomatitis.
Topical antiviral medications are not effective. Oral acyclovir is only effective if
initiated within 3 days of
onset. Chlorhexidine gluconate is not indicated.
, Page 2 of 234
3. A child with cerebral palsy receives all nutrition via gastrostomy tube. What
will the primary care
pediatric nurse practitioner recommend to promote dental health in this child?
a. Applying topical iodine every month
b. Daily chlorhexidine gluconate rinses
c. Ordering medications to prevent drooling
d. Prescribing prophylactic antibiotics
ANS: B
Daily chlorhexidine gluconate rinses are recommended for children with special
health care needs to
promote adequate oral hygiene and prevent caries. Topical iodine may be useful but
is applied every 4 to
6 months. Medications that dry up salivary secretions make the problem worse.
Prophylactic antibiotics
are not indicated.
4. A 4-year-old child who has had extensive dental surgery to treat dental
caries has white spot lesions
on the primary teeth. How often should this child receive fluoride varnish
applications?
a. Annually
b. Twice yearly
c. Every 3 to 6 months
d. Every month
ANS: C
This child is high risk and should receive fluoride varnish treatments every 3 to 6
months. Annual or
twice yearly applications are for lower risk children. It is not necessary to apply
fluoride varnish every
month.
5. What will the primary care pediatric nurse practitioner recommend to the
parent of an infant who is
teething who asks about comfort measures?
a. Administer oral ibuprofen or apply topical salicylates.
b. Apply a topical anesthetic such a benzocaine to the gums.
c. Give the infant a cold teething ring or wet washcloth to chew.
d. Try Baby Orajel on the infant's gums several times daily.
ANS: C
Parents may be counseled to give infants a cool teething ring or a cool, wet
washcloth to chew on. Topical
medications are not recommended and may traumatize the gums or cause toxicity.
6. The parents of a formula-fed newborn report that they get their drinking
water from a well. What will
the primary care pediatric nurse practitioner recommend to provide adequate
, Page 3 of 234
fluoride for this infant?
a. Giving the infant a fluoride supplement
b. Testing the fluoride level of their water source
c. Using bottled water to prepare the infant's formula
d. Using powdered formula with added fluoride
ANS: B
Before adding any supplemental fluoride to the infant's formula, the water source
should be tested for
fluoride. Too much fluoride can cause fluorosis, and giving fluoride when the water
supply of it is
adequate can cause this.
7. An adolescent female reports facial pain and frequent popping of her jaw.
An exam reveals unilateral
tender facial muscles and a deviation of the mandible to the affected side with
opening of the mouth.
What will the primary care pediatric nurse practitioner do?
a. Recommend ice packs, NSAIDs, and a soft diet.
b. Refer to a pediatric mental health specialist.
c. Refer to an orthodontist for a surgical intervention.
d. Suggest obtaining Botox injection treatments.
ANS: A
TMJ is a biopsychosocial problem. Conservative treatment should always be the first
course of treatment,
so ice, NSAIDs, and dietary changes should be recommended to minimize
discomfort. If conservative
measures are not effective, children should be referred to a team of dentists and
psychologists to manage
the problem. Surgical intervention is not recommended. Botox injections are being
studied but currently
are not FDA approved.
8. A parent asks about ways to promote dental health in school-age children
while on a family vacation
that are convenient while camping and picnicking. What will the primary care
pediatric nurse
practitioner recommend?
a. Getting fluoride varnish treatments prior to vacations
b. Giving the children fluoridated water after meals
c. Having the children use a chlorhexidine gluconate oral rinse
d. Offering gum containing xylitol after meals
ANS: D
Xylitol has been demonstrated to prevent and control tooth decay when used from 3
to 7 times daily, with
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topical effects. Chewing gum containing xylitol is effective. It is not necessary to have
fluoride varnish
treatments prior to vacations. Giving fluoridated water after meals is not indicated.
Chlorhexidine
gluconate rinses do not prevent caries.
9. A child has several shallow mucosal lesions on the buccal mucosa and
tongue that are surrounded
with an erythematous halo and covered by yellow plaques. What will the
primary care pediatric nurse
practitioner recommend?
a. Chlorhexidine gluconate
b. Diphenhydramine and Maalox
c. Oral acyclovir
d. Topical antiviral medication
ANS: A
Chlorhexidine gluconate rinses are useful to treat aphthous ulcers. Diphenhydramine
with Maalox and
oral acyclovir are used to treat viral stomatitis. Topical antiviral medications are not
indicated.
10. A 9-month-old infant has developed two teeth since the 6-month checkup.
The local water supply
contains fluoride. What will the primary care pediatric nurse practitioner do to
promote healthy
dentition at this visit?
a. Apply sodium fluoride varnish to the infant's teeth.
b. Encourage the parents to make an initial dental appointment.
c. Prescribe oral fluoride supplementation.
d. Teach the parents how to brush the infant's teeth with fluoride toothpaste.
ANS: A
The U.S. Preventive Task Force has issued two recommendations for preventing
caries in children,
including a recommendation that primary providers apply sodium fluoride varnish to
the primary teeth of
all infants and children beginning at the onset of the first tooth. The American
Academy of Pediatric
Dentistry (AAPD) recommends establishment of a dental home by age 12 months, or
6 months after the
eruption of the first primary tooth. Oral fluoride supplementation is given when local
water supplies are
fluoride deficient. Fluoride toothpaste is not recommended in infancy unless the risk
for caries is high.
11. What will the primary care pediatric nurse practitioner teach the parent of
an infant about cleaning the
“ BURNS PAEDIATRIC FINAL EXAM STUDY GUIDE EXAM
“ NEWEST UPDATED EXAM 2025 – 2026 SOLVED
QUESTIONS & ANSWERS VERIFIED 100% GRADED A+
(LATEST VERSION)
Burns Paediatric Final Exam Study Guide
1. During a well child exam, the primary care pediatric nurse practitioner notes
yellowish-white
serpentine-bordered lesions on the anterior portion of a child's tongue. What
will the nurse
practitioner do?
a. Order chlorhexidine gluconate rinses to treat the lesions.
b. Prescribe oral acyclovir to shorten the course of the disease.
c. Reassure the parent that these are benign lesions.
d. Refer the child to a pediatric dentist for evaluation.
ANS: C
These lesions are characteristic of benign migratory glossitis or "geographic tongue"
and are benign.
Chlorhexidine gluconate rinses, oral acyclovir, and referral to a dentist are not
necessary.
2. A school-age child has had herpes stomatitis for a week and continues to
complain of pain. What will
the primary care pediatric nurse practitioner recommend?
a. Administration of a topical antiviral medication
b. Taking oral acyclovir for 5 to 7 days
c. Topical application of diphenhydramine and Maalox
d. Using a chlorhexidine gluconate rinse
ANS: C
Topical treatment with diphenhydramine and Maalox is useful for symptomatic relief
of herpes stomatitis.
Topical antiviral medications are not effective. Oral acyclovir is only effective if
initiated within 3 days of
onset. Chlorhexidine gluconate is not indicated.
, Page 2 of 234
3. A child with cerebral palsy receives all nutrition via gastrostomy tube. What
will the primary care
pediatric nurse practitioner recommend to promote dental health in this child?
a. Applying topical iodine every month
b. Daily chlorhexidine gluconate rinses
c. Ordering medications to prevent drooling
d. Prescribing prophylactic antibiotics
ANS: B
Daily chlorhexidine gluconate rinses are recommended for children with special
health care needs to
promote adequate oral hygiene and prevent caries. Topical iodine may be useful but
is applied every 4 to
6 months. Medications that dry up salivary secretions make the problem worse.
Prophylactic antibiotics
are not indicated.
4. A 4-year-old child who has had extensive dental surgery to treat dental
caries has white spot lesions
on the primary teeth. How often should this child receive fluoride varnish
applications?
a. Annually
b. Twice yearly
c. Every 3 to 6 months
d. Every month
ANS: C
This child is high risk and should receive fluoride varnish treatments every 3 to 6
months. Annual or
twice yearly applications are for lower risk children. It is not necessary to apply
fluoride varnish every
month.
5. What will the primary care pediatric nurse practitioner recommend to the
parent of an infant who is
teething who asks about comfort measures?
a. Administer oral ibuprofen or apply topical salicylates.
b. Apply a topical anesthetic such a benzocaine to the gums.
c. Give the infant a cold teething ring or wet washcloth to chew.
d. Try Baby Orajel on the infant's gums several times daily.
ANS: C
Parents may be counseled to give infants a cool teething ring or a cool, wet
washcloth to chew on. Topical
medications are not recommended and may traumatize the gums or cause toxicity.
6. The parents of a formula-fed newborn report that they get their drinking
water from a well. What will
the primary care pediatric nurse practitioner recommend to provide adequate
, Page 3 of 234
fluoride for this infant?
a. Giving the infant a fluoride supplement
b. Testing the fluoride level of their water source
c. Using bottled water to prepare the infant's formula
d. Using powdered formula with added fluoride
ANS: B
Before adding any supplemental fluoride to the infant's formula, the water source
should be tested for
fluoride. Too much fluoride can cause fluorosis, and giving fluoride when the water
supply of it is
adequate can cause this.
7. An adolescent female reports facial pain and frequent popping of her jaw.
An exam reveals unilateral
tender facial muscles and a deviation of the mandible to the affected side with
opening of the mouth.
What will the primary care pediatric nurse practitioner do?
a. Recommend ice packs, NSAIDs, and a soft diet.
b. Refer to a pediatric mental health specialist.
c. Refer to an orthodontist for a surgical intervention.
d. Suggest obtaining Botox injection treatments.
ANS: A
TMJ is a biopsychosocial problem. Conservative treatment should always be the first
course of treatment,
so ice, NSAIDs, and dietary changes should be recommended to minimize
discomfort. If conservative
measures are not effective, children should be referred to a team of dentists and
psychologists to manage
the problem. Surgical intervention is not recommended. Botox injections are being
studied but currently
are not FDA approved.
8. A parent asks about ways to promote dental health in school-age children
while on a family vacation
that are convenient while camping and picnicking. What will the primary care
pediatric nurse
practitioner recommend?
a. Getting fluoride varnish treatments prior to vacations
b. Giving the children fluoridated water after meals
c. Having the children use a chlorhexidine gluconate oral rinse
d. Offering gum containing xylitol after meals
ANS: D
Xylitol has been demonstrated to prevent and control tooth decay when used from 3
to 7 times daily, with
, Page 4 of 234
topical effects. Chewing gum containing xylitol is effective. It is not necessary to have
fluoride varnish
treatments prior to vacations. Giving fluoridated water after meals is not indicated.
Chlorhexidine
gluconate rinses do not prevent caries.
9. A child has several shallow mucosal lesions on the buccal mucosa and
tongue that are surrounded
with an erythematous halo and covered by yellow plaques. What will the
primary care pediatric nurse
practitioner recommend?
a. Chlorhexidine gluconate
b. Diphenhydramine and Maalox
c. Oral acyclovir
d. Topical antiviral medication
ANS: A
Chlorhexidine gluconate rinses are useful to treat aphthous ulcers. Diphenhydramine
with Maalox and
oral acyclovir are used to treat viral stomatitis. Topical antiviral medications are not
indicated.
10. A 9-month-old infant has developed two teeth since the 6-month checkup.
The local water supply
contains fluoride. What will the primary care pediatric nurse practitioner do to
promote healthy
dentition at this visit?
a. Apply sodium fluoride varnish to the infant's teeth.
b. Encourage the parents to make an initial dental appointment.
c. Prescribe oral fluoride supplementation.
d. Teach the parents how to brush the infant's teeth with fluoride toothpaste.
ANS: A
The U.S. Preventive Task Force has issued two recommendations for preventing
caries in children,
including a recommendation that primary providers apply sodium fluoride varnish to
the primary teeth of
all infants and children beginning at the onset of the first tooth. The American
Academy of Pediatric
Dentistry (AAPD) recommends establishment of a dental home by age 12 months, or
6 months after the
eruption of the first primary tooth. Oral fluoride supplementation is given when local
water supplies are
fluoride deficient. Fluoride toothpaste is not recommended in infancy unless the risk
for caries is high.
11. What will the primary care pediatric nurse practitioner teach the parent of
an infant about cleaning the
